Monga Okhulupirira anabatizidwa - zala ziwiri kapena zitatu?

Tisanayambe kulankhula za mmene okhulupirira Old amabatizidwa, muyenera akukhala amene iwo ali ndi udindo wawo chitukuko cha Russian Orthodox. Tsogolo la lachipembedzo lotchedwa Old Okhulupirira, kapena okhulupirira akale, wakhala mbali ya mbiri Russian ndiponso ndi masewero ndi zitsanzo za ukulu wauzimu.

Kusintha analekanitsa Russian Orthodoxy

Old Okhulupirira, monga ena a mpingo Russian, chiyambi cha mbiri yake anali chaka pamene mtsinje wa Dnieper, kuti chiwalitsiro cha moyo wachikhristu, kubweretsedwa ndi Lazaro Prince Volodymyr. Kamodzi pa nthaka yachonde, tirigu Orthodoxy anapatsa zipatso zambiri. Mpaka makumi asanu za m'ma XVII kukhulupirira dziko adalunzanitsidwa, ndi magawano alionse achipembedzo izo sizinali.

Chiyambi cha mpingo waukulu wa chipwirikiti anali kusintha kwa mabishopu, Nikon anapezerapo mu 1653. Amakhala kubweretsa Russian mapemphero udindo mu mzere ndi iwo anatengera mu Greek ndi mpingo wa Constantinople.

Zifukwa kusintha m'tchalitchichi

Christianity, monga ife tikudziwira, chatifika ku Byzantium, ndipo m'zaka choyamba pambuyo Ubatizo wa Yairo utumiki mu mpingo kumachitika chimodzimodzi monga izo zinali anapanga Constantinople, koma patatha zaka zoposa zisanu, kusintha kwakukulu anapangidwa kwa izo.

Komanso, popeza nthawi zambiri nthawi imeneyi, buku yosindikiza kulibe, ndipo mabuku mapemphero zinalembedwa pa manja, iwo sikuti zitengere ambiri a zolakwa, komanso kusokoneza tanthauzo la nambala ya anatchula. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, mabishopu, Nikon anatenga yosavuta sikunathandize kulonjezedwa mavuto chisankho.

Good zolinga kholo

Iye analamula kuti atenge zitsanzo za mabuku oyambirira naye ku Byzantium, ndi kuwapanga iwo kuti adzathe translation, motsanzira njira yosindikiza. malemba kale analamula kuti mupewe kufalitsidwa. Komanso, mabishopu, Nikon unayamba mu Greek kalembedwe troeperstie - kuwonjezera pamodzi zala zitatu pa wophimba mtanda.

Izi vuto lililonse ndi wololera njira wachititsa Komabe, anachita zofanana ndi kuphulika, ndipo chopangidwa malinga ndi izo, kusintha zampingo zinali chifukwa cha kugawanika kwa. Motero, mbali yaikulu ya anthu amene sanaulandire zaluso awa, wachoka pa mpingo boma, lotchedwa Nikonian (m'malo mwa mabishopu, Nikon), ndipo izo zachitika ndi zikuluzikulu achipembedzo kayendedwe, otsatira ake ankatchedwa schismatics.

The yogawikana, omwe chifukwa cha kusintha

Monga kale, mu masiku chisanadze kusintha okhulupirira akale anabatizidwa ndi zala ziwiri ndipo sanafune kuvomereza kuti mabuku atsopano mpingo, komanso ansembe amene anali akuyesera kuti iwo akulambira. Atayima zotsutsana ndi akuluakulu achipembedzo ndiponso a boma, iwo anali kwa nthawi yaitali pansi ankazunzi- nawo. Izi zinayamba pa Council Local mu 1656.

Ngakhale mu nthawi ya Soviet, kenako yomaliza kuchepetsa ROC malo ndi okhulupirira Old, amene linatsimikizidwa ndi zikalata zogwirizana malamulo. Komabe, sikuti zinachititsa kuti resumption wa Ukalisitiya, kuti kupemphera mgonero pakati pa Local Churches Orthodox ndi Old Okhulupirira. Otsiriza lero amadziona okha ngati onyamula chikhulupiriro choona.

Kodi zala ambiri amabatizidwa Okhulupirira?

Nkofunika kudziwa kuti kusemphana maganizo ovomerezeka ndi mpingo boma sanakhalepo otsutsa, ndi nkhondo zonse kumachitika kokha kuzungulira mbali mwambo wa kulambira. Mwachitsanzo, chinachake ngati Okhulupirira mtanda, m'malo kuwonjezera ziwiri zitatu zala, nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chifukwa aphedwe iwo, koma palibe vuto la kutanthauzira kwa Malemba Opatulika, kapena mwa zinthu zazikulu Chikhulupiriro Orthodox sanali.

Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, dongosolo la Kuwonjezera zala chifukwa chizindikiro cha mtanda ndi Old Okhulupirira, ndi mbali ya mpingo boma lili zizindikiro zina. Okhulupirira Old obatizidwa ndi zala ziwiri - index ndi pakati, kufanizira ndi mauthunthu awiri a Yesu Khristu - Mulungu ndi anthu. Otsala zala zitatu nthawi yomweyo pitirizani anakakamizidwa pachikhatho cha dzanja lanu. Iwo fano wa Wodalitsika Utatu.

A fanizo la okhulupirira m'mene Old amabatizidwa, atha kutumikira ngati kupenta wotchuka ndi Vasiliya Ivanovicha Surikova "Boyar Morozova". Iwo uvozimaya ku ukapolo manyazi kudzoza kwa kayendedwe Moscow Old Okhulupirira uplifts kumwamba kuika pamodzi zala ziwiri - chizindikiro cha magawano ndi wotsutsana ndi kusintha kwa mabishopu, Nikon.

Koma adani awo, kumbali ya ROC, ndiye chojambulidwa iwo malinga ndi kusintha Nikon, ndipo ntchito lero Kuwonjezera chala ali ndi tanthauzo. Nikoniantsy anabatizidwa ndi zala zitatu - chala, index ndi pakati apangidwe uzitsine (schismatics iwo chifukwa ankawanyoza amatchedwa "schepotnikami"). zala awa atatu komanso kuimira Utatu Woyera, ndi chikhalidwe wapawiri wa amasonyeza Yesu Kristu Pankhaniyi anakakamizidwa migwalangwa chala ndi chala chaching'ono.

Ikuimira ali chizindikiro cha mtanda

Special schismatics tanthauzo nthawi Ufumuyo ndi momwe iwo anagwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro cha mtanda. dzanja malangizo kuyenda kwa iwo mofanana onse Orthodox, koma kufotokoza achilendo. Old Okhulupirira Kandachime zala zanu, naike chimachokera kwa pamphumi. Mwanjira imeneyi amasonyeza ulamuliro wa Mulungu, ndiko chiyambi cha Utatu Auzimu.

Komanso, kuika zala zake m'mimba mwake motero amasonyeza kuti m'mimba mwa Namwali Wodalitsidwa anali wangwiro kubadwa kwa Yesu Khristu, Mwana wa Mulungu. Kenako anakweza dzanja lake kwa phewa kumanja amasonyeza kuti mu Ufumu wa Mulungu, Iye anakhala pansi pa dzanja lamanja - kutanthauza lamanja la Atate. Pomaliza, kayendedwe ka dzanja kuti mapewa kumanzere amakumbukira kuti ochimwa pa chiweruzo chotsiriza, kupita ku gehena, adzakhululukidwa zoyembekezeka kukhala oshuyuyu (kumanzere) kwa woweruza.

Chifukwa Okhulupirira anabatizidwa ndi zala ziwiri?

Yankho la funso limeneli mwina wakale, ozika mizu mu nthawi atumwi, kenako anatengedwa ndi mwambo Greek zala ziwiri chizindikiro cha mtanda. Iye anabwera Russia pamodzi ndi ubatizo wake. ofufuzawo umboni wosatsutsika kuti m'zaka XI-XII. mtundu winawake wa chizindikiro cha mtanda m'mayiko Asilavo osiyanasiyana, ndipo onse anabatizidwa ngati zachitika lero, Old Okhulupirira.

Fanizo la izi atha kutumikira ngati chizindikiro odziwika "Khristu Pantocrator" lolembedwa ndi Andrei Rublev mu 1408 kuti iconostasis wa Akukwera Cathedral mu Vladimir. Iwo amaonetsera Iisus Hristos atakhala pa mpando wachifumu ndi vozdevshim dzanja lamanja zala ziwiri dalitso. Characteristically, ndi awiri, osati zitatu zala apangidwe Mlengi wa dziko mu manja chopatulika.

Chifukwa chenicheni cha kuzunzidwa kwa okhulupirira Old

Akatswiri ambiri amakonda kukhulupirira kuti chifukwa chenicheni chizunzo sanali mbali miyambo imene amachita Old Okhulupirira. Kubatizidwa zala ziwiri kapena zitatu za otsatira gulu limeneli - mfundo, osati kwambiri. vuto lawo lenileni linali kuti anthu awa amadzinenera poyera motsutsana ndi chifuniro achifumu, motero kupanga nkhani zoopsa za m'tsogolo.

Pankhaniyi tikulankhula za nkhondo ndi mphamvu wapamwamba boma, popeza malamulo pa nthawi imeneyo Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich anathandiza kukonza Nikon, ndipo kukanidwa kwake kwa anthu akhoza amatengedwa kuti ndi kupanduka ndi kumunyoza anaivulaza panokha. Koma atsogoleri Russian konse anamukhululukira.

Old Okhulupirira lero

Pomaliza kukambirana mmene okhulupirira Old anabatizidwa ndipo anapita kuchokera zimenezi sikudzakhala mwa malo kutchula kuti lero, madera awo zili pafupifupi m'mayiko olemera a ku Ulaya, North America ndi South komanso Australia. Mu Russian Old Okhulupirira Mpingo kuli mabungwe angapo, yaikulu chimene anakhazikitsidwa mu 1848 Belokrinitskaya wolowezana chifaniziro chimatha kunja. Pakati ake umabweretsa pamodzi olambira oposa miliyoni ndipo ali malo ake okhazikika Moscow ndi mzinda Romania wa Braila.

Gulu lachiwiri lalikulu kwambiri Old Okhulupirira ankaona Pomorian Old-Orthodox Church, womwenso mazana awiri madera nduna ndipo chiwerengero cha sanali m'kaundula. Kutsata ndi chenjezo wofunika thupi ili kuyambira 2002 mu Moscow, Russian Bungwe la WPS.