Mfundo zosangalatsa kwambiri za modabwitsa. Medusa: chidwi mfundo, mitundu, kapangidwe ndi mbali

Ambiri mwa anthu amene kupumula pa nyanja, anakumana ndi modabwitsa. Zimenezi zathandiza kuzindikira kuti iwo sitinganene kuti zolengedwa wabwinobwino ndi wowona. Taganizirani mfundo zosangalatsa za modabwitsa.

Kodi zokhudza sayansi ya modabwitsa?

Ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti pali modabwitsa pafupifupi mamiliyoni 650 zaka. Zikupezeka mu zigawo zonse za aliyense wa nyanja. Various mitundu ya modabwitsa anthu mu mchere ndi madzi abwino. Awo achikale mantha dongosolo, limene lili khungu, kulola yekha ndazindikira fungo ndi kuwala. Ubongo maukonde modabwitsa kuwathandiza kupeza thupi lina ndi kukhudza. Awa "zhivotnorasteniya" Ndipotu, alibe ubongo ndi ziwalo imalandira. Iwo alibe anayamba dongosolo kupuma mpweya kudzera pakhungu woonda kuti zimatenga mpweya mwachindunji ku madzi.

Kufufuza zosangalatsa za modabwitsa, asayansi aona kuti zilombo amatha kukhale kothandiza zabwino pa anthu akupanikizika. Mwachitsanzo, mu Japan nawo kuswana modabwitsa mu akasinja wapadera ndi anayeza kayendedwe yosalala zinthu monga sedative a. Ngakhale kuti zosangalatsa kumapweteketsa Nawalanditsa khama zina, ambiri, n'chofunikira.

Medusa oposa 90 peresenti madzi. Chiphe tentacles ntchito zawo monga zipangizo mankhwala kuti zonse magazi ndi kuchiza matenda kupuma.

Medusa Chipwitikizi chombo: chidwi mfundo ndi kuyang'anila

"Chipwitikizi munthu" anawaitana ena oyendetsa za XVIII atumwi, ankakonda kuuza ena modabwitsa, ndi kuyandama, monga Chipwitikizi warship Middle Ages. Ndipotu, thupi lake ndi ofanana kwambiri chotengera.

Dzinali nduna - Physalia, koma zimenezi si thupi limodzi. Ndipafupifupi modabwitsa ndipo polyp madera Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana, amene kwambiri kucheza, ndipo motero amaoneka ngati gulu limodzi. Njoka mitundu ina Physalia ndi kumapha anthu. Nthawi zambiri malo Chipwitikizi bwato okha mbali boma zotentha za Indian ndi Pacific, komanso Bay kumpoto kwa nyanja ya Atlantic. Nthawi zambiri kawirikawiri iwo adatengedwa ndi mafunde mu madzi a Caribbean Sea ndi Mediterranean kuti kugombe la France ndi Great Britain, kuti Hawaii ndi zilumba Japanese.

modabwitsa izi nthawi zambiri tiwolokere gulu yaikulu pakati anthu zikwi zingapo m'madzi ofunda. Ndipo mandala wanzeru modabwitsa thupi wakwezedwa pamwamba pa madzi ndi masentimita 15 ndipo amayendayenda pamodzi ndi njira yodutsamo wachisokonezo paokha mphepo. Anthu amenewa kuti kusambira pafupi ndi gombe, nthawi zambiri anaponyedwa ndi mphepo yamphamvu pa dziko. Mu miyezi otentha Physalia amayandama kuchokera gombe, limayenda pambuyo pake motsogozedwa mmodzi wa mizati ya dziko lapansi.

mbali chosiyana Physalia

Other zosangalatsa za modabwitsa mtundu ikukhudzana bwanji ndi zizindikiro zawo wapadera. Physalia ndi imodzi mwa mitundu iwiri kuti akhoza kufiira. Wina Chipwitikizi asilikali ngalawa matanga amagwiritsa mpweya chikwama chake wodzazidwa ndi asafe, mpweya woipa ndi oxygen. Ngati mkuntho, modabwitsa adzatsika kuwira ndipo akupita pansi pa madzi. About tentacles ake tiwolokere ngati groupers aang'ono, amene samaona chilengedwe chakupha ndi chitetezo lalikulu kwa adani, komanso particles chakudya. nsomba zake moyang'anizana kukopa nsomba zina zimene idzakhala chakudya cha invertebrates izi. Apa amenewa kudalirana.

Kusiyanitsa ambiri ndithu mitundu masiku ano umadziwika Physalia. Only mu Mediterranean wina ofufuza anapeza mitundu 20 chombo Chipwitikizi.

Physalia modabwitsa, zosangalatsa za kubalana

Sizikudziwika ndendende momwe replicates modabwitsa. Komabe, kafukufuku wa asayansi asonyeza kuti kubereka asexually, ndipo pali tizilombo ting'onoting'ono kuti ali ndi udindo kubalana aliyense njuchi. Ndipotu, iwo kulenga madera atsopano. zombo Chipwitikizi amasiyana kuti iwo akhoza kukula mosalekeza, kotero mu madzi a m'nyanja ndi nyanja kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha akutulukira modabwitsa.

Wina Baibulo wamba wa Physalia kubalana limasonyeza kuti akufa modabwitsa amaika ena zamoyo kuti ndi makhalidwe kugonana amaoneka, kenako anthu ikuwonjezerekabe. Ngakhale chiphunzitso sikuti zatsimikiziridwa.

About tentacles ngalawa Chipwitikizi

Modabwitsa tentacles ndi chidwi kupeza ndi chipangizo wawo umakhala wapadera. "Zedi," modabwitsa zili ndi ambiri makapisozi munali poizoni, zikuchokera omwe ndi ofanana ndi ululu wa njoka ya mamba. Aliyense wa makapisozi izi kakang'ono - ndi dzenje kuluka chubu ndi tsitsi labwino. Ngati pali kukhudzana pakati pa tentacles ndi nsomba, nsomba adzafa chifukwa cha limagwirira lobaya. Pamene munthu walandira lamoto pa modabwitsa izi, iye amamva kupweteka kwambiri, iye adzaonetsera malungo, kupuma mavuto.

Mu chidwi mfundo izi za modabwitsa sikuthera pamenepo. The tentacles wa invertebrates izi m'litali angafikire mamita 30. Komanso munthu amene tikugwira kusambira, kusangalala njira yokha, osati nthawi zonse kuona pa madzi yowala buluu ndi wofiira kuwira ndi kuzindikira kuopsa kuopseza iye.

Carukia barnesi: zosangalatsa za kuopsa anafunsa mwa izo

Izi modabwitsa wamng'ono yemwe amakhala pafupi ndi gombe la Australia, chimabala poizoni amphamvu kuposa mamba njoka. Pali 10 mitundu Irukandji, 3 amene amapha. Kuluma nkomwe noticeable, koma zotsatira zake - wamphamvu mtima, zomwe zina akhoza kupha chowawa. Ndipo zonse izi zikhoza kuchitika mu mphindi 20 basi. Popeza invertebrates izi ndi chochepa kwambiri ndi pafupifupi wosaoneka, iwo mosavuta mkatikati chilichonse chotchinga njira zopezera, limene lakonzedwa zolengedwa lalikulu ndi loopsa kwambiri kwa osambira ndi tchuthi.

Pali mfundo zina zosangalatsa za mtundu wa modabwitsa. Popeza nthawi zambiri asodzi anadwala matenda achilendo nthawi iliyonse mwayi kunyanja, anazindikira kuti chifukwa cha izi - kukhudzana ndi Anthu a kunyanja. Medusa dzina lake Irukandji fuko. Pa nthawi, chifukwa Dr. Barnes anatha definitively kusonyeza kuti chifukwa cha matenda - funsani ndi modabwitsa. Ngakhale miyeso yake ndi yaing'ono, koma tentacles kufika kutalika 1 mita. Ululu kuluma kwambiri moti zimapangitsa unakhota theka limodzi ndi thukuta kwambiri ndi kusanza, miyendo amphamvu kunjenjemera.

anapezazo

Ngakhale zinthu izi nyama zonse zopanda mafupa ndi kulingalira mu madzi, mosasamala kanthu za kukula kwawo, komabe si ofunika pamene akusambira m'nyanja, kuyenda m'mbali mwa nyanja, kukhala osasamala ndipo sasamala - chifukwa cha thanzi lake. mitundu ya modabwitsa ndi owopsa kwa anthu thanzi ndi moyo.

Komabe, iwo amagwira ntchito zothandiza ndiponso malo awo okhala, ntchito mankhwala monga zipangizo mankhwala. Ndipo amene amadziwa, mwinamwake, anthu adzakhala angathe kulandira kuchokera phindu modabwitsa kwambiri.