Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za malemba a Lermontov ndi M. Yu.

Palibe wolemba ndakatulo wodziwa bwino amene angathe kulembera pamutu womwewo, izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa wolemba wamkulu wazaka zapitazo, Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov. Mu ntchito zake, wowerenga amatha kumva kuvomereza kwa munthu wamkulu uyu, chifukwa ndakatulo zonse ndizo nkhani zomwe wolemba ndakatulo wakumana nazo, moyo wake ndi malingaliro ake amabisika mwa iwo. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za mawu a Lermontov zimakhudzana ndi udindo wa ndakatulo, tsogolo la anthu, ndakatulo amapereka ndakatulo zambiri kudziko komanso chikhalidwe.

Mikhail Yurievich anakhala wotsatira wotsatira wa Pushkin, adakondwera ndi wolemba, udindo wake, choncho pambuyo pa imfa ya Alexander Sergeyevich sanachite mantha kutsutsa boma la tsarist ndikuthandizira wolemba ndakatulo wamkulu. Zolinga zazikulu za M. Lermontov's lyric ndakatulo ndi kusungulumwa ndi kulakalaka, chifukwa talente yake inakula panthawi ya kugonjetsedwa kwabwino, pamene mbadwo watsopano wa wrestlers unali usanawonekere. Wolemba ndakatulo nthawi zonse ankakhulupirira mu mphamvu ya anthu ake, ndipo izi zinamuthandiza kukhala ndi moyo.

Mitu yayikulu ya mawu a Lermontov ndi udani wa autokarasi ndi kunyansidwa kwa achinyamata. Wolembayo adanyansidwa ndi anthu a m'nthaŵi yake chifukwa cha kuganiza mozama, muzinthu. Ngakhale anthu ozindikira kwambiri, ophunzira ndi aluso a nthawi imeneyo sanadziwe njira yodziwongolera luso lawo, ambiri a iwo anakhala "anthu osayenerera", osayanjanirana ndi zonse zomwe zikuchitika pamaso pawo. Mikhail Yurievich anakonza zoti anthu azikhala ndi lynching pa anthu a m'nthawi yake mu ndakatulo "Duma".

Mfundo zazikulu ndi zolinga za mawu a Lermontov zimakhudza ulamuliro wotsutsa wa tsarist. Wolemba ndakatuloyu adayankhula mwatsatanetsatane mu ndakatulo yakuti "The Death of the Poet," komwe akubwezera chifukwa cha imfa ya wolemba wamkulu, yemwe imfa yake imatsutsidwa ndi boma lomwe lilipo. Mikhail Yurievich amasonyeza maganizo ake kwa anthu amdziko lapansi, amadana ndi zovuta, kunyoza, kutayirira komanso kusowa mtendere kwa gululi.

M'zinthu zambiri, mitu yaikulu ndi zolinga za mawu a Lermontov zimakhudzana ndi dziko lalikulu la wolembayo. Masewera "Borodino", "Mamaland" amasonyeza maganizo enieni a ndakatulo ku dziko lake ndi anthu ake. Mikhail Yurievich amakonda dziko la Russia ndi chikondi chapadera, chowona mtima ndi choyera, amatsutsa malingaliro ake ndi kukonda-kukonda dziko lapamwamba, omwe amafunikira ulemu, chuma ndi maudindo okha. Wolemba ndakatulo yemwe ali ndi mantha apadera amatanthauza chilengedwe, komabe amalimbikitsanso anthu osauka, pakuwona kwa antchitowa mtima wake umayamba kukondwa, wokondwa ndi chikondi.

Mfundo zazikulu ndi zolimbikitsa za malemba a Lermontov zimakhudzanso cholinga cha ndakatulo, ntchito yake mdziko. Zimawululidwa kwathunthu mu ndakatulo "Mneneri" ndi "Wolemba ndakatulo". Wolembayo akufanizira ndakatulo ndi ndodo, motero akudzinenera kuti mawu akhoza kukhala chida chachikulu. Koma vuto ndilo kuti m'zaka za zana la XIX, nkhwangwayi inasanduka golide yachitsulo kuti ikhale yosangalatsa.

Masalmo a Lermontov sanamve kukhumudwa, sanamvere chilango. Wolembayo ali ndi phokoso lachisoni, lachisoni la munthu wotopa kuti amenyane, koma komabe ambiri amagwira ntchito mzimu wopanduka. Zokwanira, nyimbo ndi mafilosofi a ndakatulo zapangitsa Lermontov kukhala ndi ndakatulo angapo amatha zaka za m'ma 1900.