Mawu chachikulu cha maganizo oterewa ndi nkhani ndi mkhalidwe. Makamaka Kugawilidwa kwanthaka awo

Mawu chachikulu cha maganizo oterewa ndi nkhani ndi mkhalidwe, sekondale - tanthauzo, zochitika ndi Kuwonjezera. Komabe, kulekana ngati kuti chasandulika mwambo zimasonyeza mlingo mwachilungamo mkulu wa abstraction, kuyambira m'pofunika kuzindikira kusiyana pambali zosiyanasiyana mfundo chinenero. Tidzayensa kuzindikira mbali yaikulu ya mawuwo.

Kudula nyengo kulankhula

Choyamba, tiyenera kudula kulankhula nyengo ya mwatsatanetsatane zokhudzana ndi makamaka vuto kulankhula. Ndipo pa mfundo imeneyi kusiyana pakati pa mamembala zazing'ono ndi zazikulu za wauzimu, monga zofunika kwambiri mbali imeneyi angakhale aliyense wa iwo, osati mutu. Choncho, mwa kuyankha funso, "Pamene Petro anafika?" chiweruzo "Peter anafika dzana" zofunika kwambiri "tsiku la dzana," yomwe ndi yofunika sekondale. Ndi mfundo kulankhula maganizo, si nthawi zonse anthu a mbali yaikulu ya mawuwo. Kodi zawo zina sekondale.

Kutaya zinthu zamalankhulidwe

Zinasonyeza waukulu mbali ya chiweruzo ndi, ayenera unasweka ndipo zinthu zonse imakhudzana ndi tanthauzo lake. Khama la nkhani ndi mkhalidwe ku malire miyambo Kodi kuganizira mfundo yakuti si nthawi iliyonse yomwe mawu lexical kapena membala chachikulu imodzi chidutswa mukhoza kupeza samveka kupereka. Mwachitsanzo, n'zovuta ntchito mawu a mwa iwo "iye anali", "Iye wataya," "The nyumba ndi" ndi ena.

Analysis chimene chimasiyanitsa Russian Language la chiganizo ndi zazing'ono zina, saganizira mfundo zonsezi. Ichi ndi chifukwa si umalimbana kulankhula lexical wagawo ndiponso zochita chiwembu chabe. Choncho, zolinga izi, izo ziribe kanthu, ndi chakuti zambiri sekondale kumangako, monga iwo concretise mudzaze indeterminate kapena zosalongosoka mbali yaikulu ya mawuwo.

Zimapanga kusiyana cha chiganizocho, kulalikira Mwachitsanzo, pa zomwe zikuchitika bwino zazing'ono zamalankhulidwe akhoza kukhala zofunikira ndi nkhani ndi mkhalidwe. Ziyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira pamene kusanthula.

Lingaliro la mamembala waukulu

Mawu chachikulu cha maganizo oterewa ndi nkhani ndi mkhalidwe. Unikani awo kale lagona pa gawo yokhala. Only pano zikuoneka kuti wolekana ndi nominative ena milandu oblique chibadidwe zowonjezera mtengo wa nkhaniyi. Amakhala chakuti fomu iyi (ie phunziro) ndi akulumikizana ndi mkhalidwe, osati unilaterally amadalira kuti Timaona mitundu yonse ena milandu oblique (kuphatikizapo mtengo wa subjectivity).

nkhani

Phunziro osati zimadalira iye, komanso Mzimuyo mawonekedwe a mkhalidwe ndi ulemu kwa magulu a jenda, chiwerengero ndi munthu. Lamulo invariable amatipatsa Chirasha.

Mamembala waukulu wa nsembe monga nauni mu nominative (nkhani), umene uli mu malumikizanidwe ndi mkhalidwe wa. Ichi ndi chifukwa mtsikanayu mapangidwe pakati predicative cha maganizo onse.

mkhalidwe

Mkhalidwe ngati membala ali ndi makhalidwe awiri: chonyamulira kamwa predicativity ndi akugwirizana ndi nkhaniyo. Kuzipenya pa njira ndi ziganizo zosiyanasiyana kufotokoza siyana predicative chinathandiza chilengedwe cha ziphunzitso anayamba za mitundu ya mkhalidwe, amene zimadalira chifukwa anazindikira lingaliro kulenga mndandanda wa zosiyanasiyana structural ziwembu bwana mwachibale kwa ziwiri mano.

mitundu ya predicates

Kusiyanitsa yosavuta zovuta, komanso mwa mawu ndi mwadzina mkhalidwe. Wapakamwa akhoza kukhala mwina yosavuta kapena pawiri, ndicho - nthawi limapereka. Onse a mitundu - mbali yaikulu ya mawuwo. phunziro alibe magawano amenewa.

Monga chimodzi ndi mkhalidwe yosavuta. Izi zikhoza kukhala conjugated verebu kapena wachiwiri wake, kapena infinitive mneni interjection.

Mononuclear maganizo, kusonyeza membala aika

Ganizo lakuti mkhalidwe ali chiwalo cha chiganizocho, potsata pa nkhaniyi, choncho kwenikweni zikutanthauza linakhalapo, watumikira monga maziko a Kugawilidwa kwanthaka wa zambiri mmodzi wa mzera waukulu, chachitatu, wotchedwa yaikulu membala wa bwana osakwatiwa-zikuchokera.

Iwo akhala zinaonetsa kuti pali wa iwo, pamene pangakhale chimodzi chokha chachikulu membala. Komabe, AA okha Chess mu mtundu wina, wotchedwa "chimodzi-chidutswa" umafuna, mosokanirana nthawi zonsezi ndipo anasiyanitsa ndi "mbali ziwiri", zomwe nthawi zonse azipereka nkhani ndi mkhalidwe.

Chimodzi pawiri amapereka yaikulu akuti ndi mwambo wapadera malembedwe, pamene iye ndi iye yekha ndiye predicative maziko a lonse chilango lonse. Kuti ndi ofanana ndi mkhalidwe, ndi chonyamulira katundu monga predicativity. Kufanana naye akuwonetseredwa mu chakuti pali mitundu chomwecho mu membala kuperekedwa ngati kuti a mkhalidwe wa. Komabe, mosiyana ndi yamasika, mawonekedwe imene ena mwa mbali (jenda, chiwerengero, munthu) zimatengera pa phunziro, mu umodzi-pawiri opambana membala yaikulu ndi kusinthidwa mu mawonekedwe kuti aliyense wa iwo, chifukwa iye mwamtheradi mtima, chibadidwe umafuna yokha pawiri.