Maselo ofiira m'magazi

Maselo ofiira a magazi ndi maselo zofunika. zinthu izi mu kuposa zigawo zina mphako pamodzi. maselo ofiira pano mu mawonekedwe a zimbale zonse ndi pang'ono thicker m'mphepete. Chifukwa nyumba imeneyi, corpuscles izi maximally apindula ndi mpweya woipa ndi mpweya mu ndondomeko ya kudutsa m'thupi.

Mapangidwe (mosalekeza updating) ya maselo a magazi m'mafupa chikuchitika mchikakamizo cha erythropoietin (a timadzi a impso). magawo awiri a corpuscles awa wapangidwa hemoglobin (chitsulo munali mapuloteni). Mtundu wofiira mapuloteni ndi Mzimuyo mtundu wa magazi ambiri, ndipo maselo ofiira makamaka.

The kutalika kwa moyo wa "khungu zofunika" masiku zana ndi makumi awiri. Erythrocytes adzaonongedwa mu ndulu ndi chiwindi. The mafupa ndi kasinthidwe zonse. Choncho, kuonongeka kwa "nsanza" maselo alibe maganizo awo okwana mu thupi.

Erythrocytes mu magazi amapereka zimakhala ndi mpweya, iwo ali, nayenso, anasamukira ku mapapo carbon dioxide, komanso amino zidulo kum'pereka kwa zimakhala ziwalo m'mimba. Komanso, maselo amenewa magazi chigwire ntchito ndi zoteteza. Amachita kumamatira (mayamwidwe) poizoni ndi antigens nawo zochita m'thupi, ali ndi udindo kukhala magazi, soda ndi asidi bwino.

erythrocytes Normal m'magazi anatsimikiza mwa kusanthula zasayansi. Normal ndende ya maselo 4 5,1h10 pa lita akuluakulu. Ana, mlingo wawo zimadalira m'badwo. Mu masabata choyamba cha moyo pomaliza pa maselo a magazi magazi, mlingo ranges kuchokera 4.3 kuti 7,6h10 pa lita, pa usinkhu wa mwezi - kuchokera 3,7 kuti 5,6h10 pa lita, isanu ndi umodzi zaka - kuchokera 3.5 kuti 4,8h10 pa lita. Pamene mwana ukufika chaka ndi zaka khumi ndi ziwiri mtengo kuchokera 3.5 kuti 4,7h10 pa lita. Pa zaka ana khumi ndi akulu ndende yachibadwa limafanana ndi ntchito zachilendo kwa akulu.

Erythrocytes mu magazi okwera woipa (erythrocytosis) ali wapezeka pa matenda mokwanira osowa a dongosolo hematopoietic (erythremia Mwachitsanzo). nawo lapamwamba pa chitukuko ndi matenda a dongosolo kupuma, pamaso pa matenda obadwa nawo a mtima.

Komabe, nthawi zambiri, nkhani mkulu maselo a magazi limasonyeza thickening wa magazi m'thupi.

Ndi ochititsa chidwi ngati zinthu boma monga ntchito madzi otsika kwambiri. Ngati thupi kamakhala chlorinated, yakuda kapena silnogazirovannaya madzi processing ake m'pofunika kuwononga mphamvu.

zifukwa zina monga kusowa kwa magazi kuundana mu michere ya. Kudzera mwa zinthu izi imagwiridwa ndondomeko komanso yogawanika chakudya, lipids ndi mapuloteni. kukonza kuchepa kwa michere kumathandiza chakuti mankhwala oxidized kulowa m'magazi. Izi nayenso zotsatira hypoxia wa zimakhala ndi maselo, chisokonezo njira amuzolengedwa.

A chifukwa wamba magazi kuundana ndi madzi m'thupi. Izi zingachitike mu yotentha. Tikumbukenso kuti madzi ofunikira okha mu mawonekedwe woyera. Monga mbali ya tiyi kapena msuzi iwo ukuchita monga zosungunulira a.

Polycythemia kumachitika ndi kuperewera kwa mavitamini, n'kofunika chitukuko mahomoni ndi michere, komanso mchikakamizo cheza zoipa.

Tikumbukenso kuti mu kusanthula magazi ndi lalikulu kufunika digiri ya mtundu, kukula ndi mawonekedwe a erythrocytes. Mwachitsanzo, chosowa mavitamini m'thupi, kupatsidwa folic acid ndi chitsulo limasonyeza mawonekedwe chowulungika a maselo amenewa. Pankhani ya erythrocytes zoumbika mosiyanasiyana (wosweka kapena losongoka) akugwirizira yolimbikira makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndondomeko mu thupi.