Kuvulala msana: gulu, zizindikiro, chithandizo

Msana imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri kuti amathandiza thupi mu malo olungama ndiponso ndi mfundo za dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa. Aliyense choipa msana ndi msana, mavuto aakulu kwa chamoyo wonse. Various zowonongeka msana ndime zimapanga oposa 10% kuvulala kumbuyo. Iwo ali ofala anthu okhwima kaya jenda. Nthawi zina mavuto kumbuyo zimachitika ana, koma, monga ulamuliro, kuvulala ndi chitsanzo kwa msana khomo lachiberekero ndipo anawagawira monga kuvulala kubadwa. Akazi ndi choipa msana zaposachedwapa kukhala chikondwerero kuli chifukwa nambala kwambiri kwa amayi apakati amene anabereka ndi gawo la Kaisara.

zifukwa

kuvulala msana ndi mawonekedwe aakulu kwambiri a kusokoneza dongosolo locomotor. Ambiri kuvulala msana chifukwa cha katundu kwambiri katundu ndi zotsatira pa izo. Izi zikhoza kukhala kugwa kwa msinkhu, mosasamala madzi ndi zolemera kuya kugwa pa munthu, ngozi ndi zina ngozi msewu magalimoto. Nthawi zina mtundu wa choipa zingadziŵike ndi chikhalidwe cha zotsatira thupi pa ndime msana. Mwachitsanzo, mu ngozi ya galimoto zoipa ambiri a msana khomo lachiberekero, ngati waponya kuchokera pamwamba pa fractures sacral ndi ambiri kapena m'munsi-thoracic.

Mavuto ndi chingwe msana ndi khalidwe osiyana. Akuluakulu, monga ulamuliro, kuvulala msana zimachitika chifukwa kunja kwa thupi zotsatira mphamvu pa zinthu zosiyana za mmbuyo. Age zokhudzana kuwonongeka, monga chichereŵechereŵe avale chingayambitse kuchepetsa wa msana ngalande stenosis ndi chitukuko. Izi zimachititsa kukakamiza chingwe msana ndi misempha msana ndipo chotero, kusokoneza magwiridwe awo. kuvulala mwana amayambira chifukwa nayenso amphamvu kapena mwadzidzidzi anatambasula za chingwe msana.

Mitundu kuvulala msana

Zizindikiro za kuvulala msana zimatengera mtundu ake ndi chikhalidwe. Mitundu yonse ya kumawononga zotheka anawagawa mikwingwirima, lacerations, fractures, dislocations, ndi psinjika. Iwo chimakhudza ayambe ndi mankhwala njira, komanso zotsatira za matenda ndi kufulumizitsa kuchira wodwalayo.

1. Wovulala msana khomo lachiberekero ndi kuphwanya umphumphu wa fupa, mosiyana dislocation, amene amakhala ndi zosayenera mayikidwe a vertebrae pamodzi nguli. kuvulala Izi zingachititse kuti kuwonongeka kwa chingwe msana. Psinjika wovulala kumachitika chifukwa cha psinjika amphamvu thupi vertebral m'madera ena a msana imene mbali anawamvera kutsogolo ndi pansi. Pamene zimbale msana akhoza osamukira ndi protrude mu ngalande msana. Avulala ambiri pa ngozi ya galimoto kapena kugwedezeka mwadzidzidzi thupi patsogolo.
2. Pamene dislocation amapezeka mitsempha chotupa kapena mphamvu anatambasula. kuwonongeka amenewa angakhale "zazikulu" ndi vertebrae pamwamba mnzake wina kapena mbali zonse za ndime msana. Mavuto ndi chingwe msana pa nthawi yomweyo kumachitika malinga ndi mmene mafoni ong'ambika mitsempha. Kubwezeretsa magwiridwe a linkawonongeka, wodwalayo mwina opaleshoni.
3. Paraplegia kumachitika chifukwa kuwonongeka kwa m'munsi-thoracic msana kudzera choipa.
4. Quadriplegia kudzali chifukwa choipa chimene mavuto poyera thoracic chapamwamba ndipo vertebrae khomo lachiberekero. Izi kuvulala msana kuyambitsa imfa ya kuyenda mu miyendo yonse.

Kuvulala kwa msana khomo lachiberekero: Features

Msana khomo lachiberekero ndi atengeke kwambiri kuwonongeka ndi kuvulala. About 20% kuvulala onse ndime msana imagwera pa malo oposa 35% ya iwo amapha. Kuwonongeka kwa msana khomo lachiberekero ndi chifukwa chakuti pa lakuthwa mutu nkhonya ndi torso wa munthu ukuyenda mu mbali zosiyana.

Khomo lachiberekero kuvulala msana ndi lalikulu kwambiri ndi woopsa. A mitundu yonse chodziwika cha kuwonongeka ngati khalidwe la gawo ili la ndime msana, wovulala msana khomo lachiberekero ndi ambiri, kapena "whiplash" choipa. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu madalaivala kapena okwera nawo pa ngozi ya galimoto. Pa braking mwadzidzidzi galimoto ndi kulikhutchumula zakuthwa inertia zimafalitsidwa kwa anthu onse mu kanyumba. Mwakayakaya a msana khomo lachiberekero amakhala ndi ululu mwadzidzidzi pachimake, yoletsedwa galimoto ntchito ya khosi, chizungulire, imfa ya chikumbumtima.

kuvulala msana pa chifuwa ndi m'chiuno

Kaŵirikaŵiri pansi yosiyanasiyana kuvulala thoracic msana ndi lumbar. Ambiri monga fractures komwe kumachitika nthawi kugwa kapena ngozi ya galimoto. Komanso, anthu okalamba komanso ali pa chiopsezo kuwonongeka kwa m'madipatimenti izi chifukwa cha m'badwo wa kufooka kwa mafupa. Kuwonongeka kwa chingwe msana bwino zimayamba chifukwa chaukali vertebral wovulala.

Pamene msana thoracic chawonongeka, munthu amakhala kumbuyo Ululu zolimbitsa kuti kwambiri, amene amakula gululi. Ngati chingwe msana mnzathuyu, ndiyeno anati kwa zizindikiro za dzanzi, wa kumva kulasalasa, kufooka ndi kulephera kulamulira ntchito a chikhodzodzo ndi matumbo. The kuvulala ambiri wa thoracic ndi lumbar msana ndi zotsatirazi:

1. Intervertebral olowa sprain vertebral mafupa. Kumachitika pamene yokakamiza kusamuka kwa vertebrae patsogolo kapena kumbuyo. Kulimbikitsa ukuwonjezeka ululu ndi patsogolo kapena m'mbuyo kayendedwe ka msana.
2. Minofu chotupa ndi wamba kumbuyo choipa pa masewera ambiri, pamene dongosolo akulu ndi msana akhoza kuvulaza yekha ndi kayendedwe lakuthwa. Photos kuvulala amalimbikitsidwa ndi sikana ndi, zimatithandiza kudziwa mlingo wa kusalekerera awo. Zizindikiro za matenda monga kupweteka kwambiri pamene kupinda, kupinda thupi mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo kasinthasintha.
3. Dislocations costovertebral mfundo akuwuka kapena chifukwa cha kayendedwe amakakamizidwa mu vertebrae thoracic, kapena monga chotsatira cha kutupa nyamakazi. Pankhaniyi, ululu kumawonjezera pamene kutsokomola, sneezing, chakuya thoracic kupuma.
4. Fractures sizachilendo kwambiri masewera kukhudzana, kugwa kapena ngozi. Ululu amalimbikira kwa ndithu nthawi yayitali ndipo akuoneka ngakhale ndi kukhota pang'ono thupi.
5. Kupindika msana, kapena kupindika msana, alinso kuvulala kwambiri. Zizindikiro sikuti nthawi zonse malo kukhala, ndipo nthawi zambiri ndi nkhani kusintha malingana ndi nkhani iliyonse.

Angaperekedwe msana kuvulala

mavuto Back ana nthawi zambiri yodziwika monga kuvulala kubadwa kwa msana khomo lachiberekero. Mmodzi ziwonongeke ndi khanda wolumala msana, imene vertebrae sazindikira mokwanira kuphimba misempha yaiwisi. Nthawi zambiri, monga chilema amapezeka m'dera lumbosacral, koma pali kuchotserapo. Kuwonongeka kwa msana khomo lachiberekero pobereka akupezeka 40% milandu ndipo kawirikawiri limodzi ndi choipa generic ubongo. Chifukwa zinthu izi ziri motere:

• zikusiyana pakati pa kukula kwa mutu yoopsa ndi mafupa a chiuno mayi;
• malpresentation mu uterine M'mimbamo;
• zipatso lalikulu (kulemera kuposa 4500 g);
• asanakwane mimba;
• oligohydramnios (oligohydramnios) ndi zinthu zina kobadwa nako.

Ngakhale kuopsa kwa kuwonongeka, kubadwa wolumala msana ana, kawirikawiri amakhala ndi madokotala ananena zawo zabwino kutanthauzira ake mu dera lumbosacral. Mu nyengo ya kukula yogwira mwana sakhala ndi kusapeza aliyense mmbuyo, koma kuti makolo ayenera kuyesetsa zakudya wake ndi kulemera. Kunenepa adzachititsa kukakamiza vertebrae nedoformirovannye imene imathandiza matenda. Mu nkhani ya kuvulala kwa msana khomo lachiberekero pali mavuto. ana Zimenezi ndi mavuto ndi ntchito maphunziro, amadwala matenda kukumbukira, n'zovuta kuganizira nkhaniyi. Nthawi zina msana zingachititse ziwalo, kufooka kwa miyendo, kayendedwe nthenda diso, mavuto mafupa, ndi zina zotero.

kuvulala msana

Nthawi zina msana zoopsa choipa chimafikira kwa chingwe msana. Izi bwino zimayamba ndi zinthu zina monga contusion amphamvu, kapena psinjika wovulala msana khomo lachiberekero, ngakhale kuwonongeka kumachitika mu gawo lirilonse la ndime vertebral.

Msana choipa, kawirikawiri anasonyeza mwa zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• dzanzi kapena kumva kulasalasa wa malekezero;
• ululu ndi zikayamba m'dera la choipa msana;
• zizindikiro za mantha;
• Kulephela kusuntha nthambi;
• imfa ya kulamulira pokodza;
• imfa ya chikumbumtima;
• zobwera pamalo mutu.

mavuto msana kawirikawiri chifukwa cha ngozi zosayembekezereka kapena chiwawa. kuvulala zimayambitsa amakhala:

• adzagwa;
• kuk m'madzi osaya (anachokera ku pomenya pansi);
• mwakayakaya pambuyo ngozi ya galimoto,
• kugwa kuchokera kumwamba ndi;
• Mutu choipa pa chochitika zamasewera;
• kuvulala kwa magetsi.

thandizo kwa kuvulala msana

Zotsatira za kuvulala msana zikhoza kukhala zoopsa kwambiri, choncho n'kofunika kwambiri kuti athe kupereka chithandizo choyamba kwa wozunzidwayo mwamsanga ndi bwinobwino. kuwonongeka kwa ndime vertebral amaonedwa zovuta, oopsa ndipo amafuna hospitalization yomweyo. thandizo pa choipa msana zimadalira chikhalidwe ndi mmene anthu awononga chifukwa cha kutalika kwake, kuchulukitsa kwa kapangidwe ndi tanthauzo zinchito. Zotsatira zake kwa thupi pambuyo zotsatira pachimake zoopsazo ndi mwachindunji amadalira mmene munthu khalidwe, kupereka chithandizo choyamba ndi vuto.

Thandizo ntchito anakhudzidwa pambuyo choipa msana monga:

• Pomwepo itanani ambulansi;
• kupereka olimba lathyathyathya pamwamba anakhudzidwa;
• kuonetsetsa kulephera kuyenda lathunthu la ochitiridwayo, ngakhale iye amaganiza kuti iye akhoza kusuntha paokha;
• kupuma yokumba anapereka sanamwe. Izi kutaya mmbuyo mutu wovulalayo wake, ndipo ndi bwino kuyesa kuti apitirize nsagwada m'munsi.

diagnostics

Pamene wovulalayo kuchipatala, madokotala zifotokoza iye ndi kugwira zonse ubongo kuti tione chikhalidwe ndi malo zoipa. Njira yotchuka kwambiri ya matenda monga x-ray msana.

Ngati kuonongeka msana, X-ray Kupenda chithunzi limasonyeza choipa malo ndi kudziwa kwake. Ngati ndi kotheka, kafukufuku ochulukirapo, komanso kudziwa ndi msana choipa chingwe ntchito maginito kumveka ndi CT jambulani ndi mndandanda wa mayesero kudziwa mlingo kufala kwa chizindikiro mitsempha mu ubongo.

Chithandizo cha kuvulala msana

Mwatsoka, palibe njira kuthetsa kuwonongeka kwa chingwe msana. Komabe, pali kupata mankhwala chimene kulimbikitsa kusinthika kwa maselo mitsempha, kusintha ndi kubwezeretsa mitsempha ntchito chamoyo.

Ngati choipa msana zikachitika, chithandizo tikunena popewa kupitilira zina za matendawa ndi kuwonjezera mwayi wa wovulalayo. Akulankhulira kwa ICU, kumene wodwala adzapatsidwa mwayi mankhwala opaleshoni kapena chithandizo experimental pouza mankhwala thupi. Mankhwala ntchito zochizira mitundu pachimake a msana choipa ndi msana. Ziziyenda msana ndi kubweretsa mu malo olondola muyenera amakopeka wapadera. Nthawi zina, wodwalayo amodzi khosi ndi kolala zolimba. bedi Special zingatithandizenso thupi la immobilization.

Nthawi ya aakulu kuvulala msana kungafune opaleshoni kuti achotse makombo a mafupa anazunza ndi zinthu zina yachilendo. Komanso chisamaliro opaleshoni chofunika pamene chimbale herniated kapena kuthekera compress ndi vertebrae payekha. Zinthu zimenezi n'kofunika kuti olimba wa olamulira vertebral pofuna kupewa kupweteka ndi deformities.

Cholinga cha mankhwala thupi odwala ndi kuvulala msana ndi msana ndi konza moyenera khalidwe la moyo ndi kuwonjezeka mphamvu thupi. physiotherapy pulogalamu ya zinthu cholinga zokulitsa mphamvu za wodwala aliyense polinga kuti apindule msinkhu mulingo woyenera kwambiri ntchito kwa msana. Pamafunikanso mfundo zotsatirazi:

1. Kufufuza kuyan'anila yaikulu komanso kusalekerera awo.
2. Malire a ntchito bwanji.
3. Kukula kwa zinthu zokhudza thupi, ndi ulamuliro pa njira kuphedwa.

Kusokonezedwa physiotherapy ndi yothandiza kwambiri pa kayendetsedwe ka matenda kugwirizana ndi olumala mwakuthupi, galimoto ndi imfa imalandira.

Pamene chikhalidwe wovulalayo ndi wolimba, iye adzafunika moyo wolongosoka, cholinga chimene ndi kusunga ndi kulimbitsa minofu alipo ntchito maluso abwino galimoto ndi kuphunzitsa luso galimoto. miyeso konzanso chingalepheretse mavuto kutheka pambuyo zoopsa ndi kusintha khalidwe la moyo.

kupewa

Mwatsoka, kuvulala msana ndi msana ndi osadalirika, koma aliyense kuteteza tsoka, ngati kusunga miyeso yosavuta chitetezo.

1. Nthawi zonse muzivala mpando lamba pamene akwera galimoto.
2. Pa masewera kuvala zida abwino zozitetezera.
3. Musati kuyenda pansi pa madzi m'madera bwino anamvetsa pansi.
4. Chinkhoswe kulimbitsa dongosolo akulu kuonetsetsa yake thandizo msana.
5. Osamwa mowa pamene galimoto.