Kuthamanga hydrostatic

Hydrostatic - ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo hayidiroliki kuphunzira mgwirizano boma na kuthamanga madzi kwaiye mu madzi pa mpumulo pa pamalo osiyana.

Hydrostatic kuthamanga - lingaliro ofunika hydrostatics. Taganizirani buku la madzimadzi umasinthasintha mu mgwirizano. Mkati buku lino ndondomeko mfundo A maganizo muchigawane mu theka ndi ndege kudutsa mpaka A. Mu gawo ili ndege kupeza malo S ndi pakati pa mfundo A. Tiyeni kuchotsa theka la buku ndi kuchotsa mphamvu ndi umene wakhala pa kuchuluka otsala, ndi counterbalancing mphamvu F. Choncho madzimadzi mu theka lachiwiri apitiriza kukhala pa mpumulo.

Ife tsopano ayamba kuchepetsa m'dera S kuti zonse Point ndi mkati. Ndi kuchepetsa okwanira mfundo A chikugwirizana ndi malo S. Ndipo kuthamanga pa mfundo A kudzayesedwa chilinganizo P (A) = Lim dF / DS pamene DS amamuchititsa ziro.

Ndiye kuthamanga pa nsanja S, adzakhala ofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa mavuto pa mfundo tonse a pamwamba. Ndiko mawu ena: tsa = F / S. Hydrostatic kuthamanga - wambiri wofanana ndi quotient cha gulu F pa malo S.

Chifukwa kuthamanga hydrostatic ndi kulemera kwa madzimadzi ndi kuthamanga omwe umagwiritsidwa pamwamba madzi. Choncho, kuthamanga chifukwa cha kulemera kwa madzi ndi kuthamanga kunja - mitundu ya kuthamanga hydrostatic. Ngati madzimadzi m'matumba pisitoni ndi khama mphamvu kwa icho, ndiye, ndithudi, mwa kuwuka madzimadzi kuthamanga. M'mikhalidwe wabwinobwino, kuthamanga mumlengalenga makina madzi. Ngati kuthamanga padziko madzi pansipa kuthamanga mumlengalenga, kuthamanga imatchedwa n'zotsimikizira.

The madzi mu mgwirizano ngati onse magulu kuthamanga kuchita chilichonse buku mokwanira ka madzi, ali oyenera wina ndi mzake.

Taganizirani pafupi hydrostatic kuthamanga ndi katundu wake:

• Pakuti mfundoyi, amangosankha anatengedwa mu madzi vekitala hydrostatic kuthamanga imatsogoleredwa m'kati voliyumu ake ndi perpendicular kwa malo osankhidwa mu chophimba.

Tiyeni tisonyeze chuma ichi: tiyeni tinene kuti mbali imene mphamvu umagwiritsidwa ntchito malo ena ake, osati mzere wolunjika. Tikuimira mphamvu P monga P (yachibadwa), P (tangent). Tiyeni tinene kuti mbali tangential si ziro, ndiye imawalamulira madzimadzi ayenera ikuyenda pansi ndi mtima wofunitsitsa, koma pa mpumulo pa mfundoyo. Choncho mfundo yakuti tangent ndi wofanana ndi ziro ndi mmene kuthamanga limapezeka malo perpendicular. chuma imatsimikizirika.

• Ukulu wa kuthamanga hydrostatic ndi ofanana mu njira zonse.

Tiyeni tisonyeze chuma ichi hydrostatic kuthamanga: kusankha wopondereza yotchinga madzi tetrahedron awiri amene lifanane ndi ndege ntchito ndege, ndi wachitatu amusankha amangosankha. M'munsi kupeza kansalu bwino. Kuchita kwa madzi pa aliyense kutanthauza nkhope: X * (P), Y * (P), Z * (P) kusungidwa mu mgwirizano madzi, kotero kuti zotsatira okwana zochita za mphamvu 0.

E * (x) = 0

X * (P) dz -E * (P) de A tchimo = 0,

E * (Y) = 0, E * (z) = 0

Z * (P) dx -E * (P) de A Ko ndi = 0

n'zoonekeratu kuti dz = de A tchimo, dx = de A Ko ndi

kuno; X * (P) = E * (P), Z * (P) = E * (P)

linanena bungwe: X * (P) = Y * (P) = Z * (P) = E * (P)

chuma imatsimikizirika. Popeza mzere anasankhidwa amangosankha, kulingana zimenezi zili zoyenera kwa nthawi iliyonse.

• Kuthamanga hydrostatic mwachindunji njila kwa kuya. Ndi kukula mozama mfundo kuthamanga izo kukula ndi kuchepa mu kuya kwa kumiza - kuwonjezeka.

Aliyense mfundo madzi, mu mgwirizano likukwaniritsa aone kuti pali zotsatirazi: J + tsa / g = J (o) + tsa (o) / g = H, kumene J - ntchito za mfundo inayake, J (O) - ntchito ya padziko madzi, p, ndipo tsa (o) - kutalika kwa zipilala, ga - madzi enieni yokoka, H - hydrohead.

Chifukwa cha kusinthika timapeza: r Mukhoza = tsa () + ga [J (0) -j] kapena tsa = tsa (o) + gh

kumene H - kuya kwa ubatizo wa mfundo inayake, ndipo gh - sikuti ndi kulemera kwa ndime ya madzimadzi wolingana ndi kutalika H ndi kukhala m'dera la unit m'munsi. Mundawu ndi dzina la kuthamanga hydrostatic Chilamulo Pascal a.