Kumasulidwa kwa Minsk mu 1944 kwa adani lopondereza

Imodzi mwa magawo lofunika kwambiri la ntchito ya usilikali ikuchitika Belarus mu 1944, anali kumasulidwa kwa Minsk kwa adani Nazi. cholinga chake sichinali kokha chilengedwe, komanso chiwonongeko chotheratu cha magulu waukulu wa Wehrmacht ili m'deralo. Komanso, Red Army anali ntchitoyo mwamsanga kuchotsa adani ku likulu la Belarus. awo zimenezi zinachitika July 3, 1944. Mu Belarus masiku ano si tsiku la anamasulidwa Minsk, likulu la boma, komanso holide dziko - wodzilamulira Tsiku.

The vuto pamaso opaleshoni

Mu 1944, atatu asilikali ntchito yapadera inkachitikira - Mogilev, Vitebsk, Orsha ndi Bobruisk zinachititsa kuti mbali ya 4 ndi makamu 9 a German gulu "Center" kunapezeka kuti pafupifupi atazunguliridwa ndi kugwirizana Soviet. lamulo Hitler thandizo la asilikali ake n'kuikako asilikali watsopano, zimene zinaphatikizapo 4, 5 ndi 12 Panzer Division.

Pang'onopang'ono, mphete padziko Germany Amira, ndipo nthawi yaitali anamasulidwa Minsk anali basi kuzungulira ngodya. Pakutha tsiku June 28 I. D. Chernyahovsky, magulu zambiri 3 Belorussia Front, anafika Berezina Mtsinje, potero kuphimba mdani kuchokera kumpoto. Nayenso I. H. Bagramyan ndi asilikali a 1st Baltic anachita nkhondo chigawo Polotsk. Pa nthawi yomweyo G. F. Zaharov ndi asilikali a 2 Chibelarusi Front anamugonjetsa mdaniyo kum'mawa, ndi KKRokossovsky ndi gulu lake lankhondo - kuchokera kum'mwera, atalephera kukwaniritsa mzere Osipovichi - Svisloch - Kopatkevichi kapena apamwamba pa za Pripyat Mtsinje. Ena mankhwala patsogolo anali kale makilomita zana kuchokera likulu la Republic.

Zolinga limaitana

Lamulo Soviet anazindikira kuti kuchita khama kuonetsetsa kuti kumasulidwa kwa Minsk mu 1944 anakhala chenicheni. Motero, pa June 28 anapereka ndalama chandamale wa Red Army - anazungulira ndi kuthetsa chachikulu lopondereza grouping. Kuti tichite zimenezi, anakonza mphamvu ya 1 3 amadzibisa Belorussia chilongosoko onongani nkhonya pa asilikali German amene ali kutali ndi mzinda. Pa nthawi yomweyo amapatsa pasadakhale zina chakumadzulo kugwirizana 2 Byelorussian. Chifukwa, mphamvu pa amadzibisa onse nawo ntchito anali anazungulira woyamba, ndiyeno kuwononga mdani Minsk gulu lonse.

Pa nthawi yomweyo Red Army anali, popanda kuima, kusuntha likunena kumadzulo, potero muzingochita asilikali mdani ndi kuwapatsa kugwirizana ndi gulu Minsk. Chotero Soviet mbali zochita kulenga zinthu zabwino kuukira wotsatira pa Kaunas, Siauliai ndi Warsaw malo.

Zochita 3 Chibelarusi

June 28 Supreme Lamulo anali anafuulira mwa lamulo zokhudza kutsogolo chimene chinali pomwepo kuwoloka mtsinje Berezina, kenako yambitsani pasadakhale mofulumira mbali ziwiri - ku likulu la Belarus ndi Molodechno. Nkhonyayo waukulu anali umalimbana kumasulidwa kwa Minsk ku ankhondowo Nazi anaika asilikali 31 TH, 5 TH 11 TH Army ndi 2 thanki Corps.

Tsiku lotsatira, detachment zapamwamba wa Red Army anakwanitsa kugwila bridgeheads angapo pa Berezina Mtsinje ndi kugogoda zopinga mdani, kusamukira ku mtunda wa 5, ndipo mu malo ena, ndi 10 Km. Komabe, anakumana ndi kukana wamakani wa ku Germany, asilikali a Soviet ankagwira ndewu zolemera. Ndi chifukwa chake madzulo pa June 29, Red Army anangokhala kuwoloka mtsinje.

Pa yomweyo asilikali nthawi ya Army 5 molamulidwa ndi Krylov si Kuyima anawoloka Berezina ndi kulimbikitsidwa pa gombe, kutenga bridgeheads ochepa. Tikumbukenso kuti kufalitsa Red Army, cholinga chachikulu cha zimene anali kumasulidwa kwa Minsk anapereka magawo ambiri zigawenga Pamlingo waukulu. Iwo osati anatchula yabwino kwambiri ndi njira yachidule kuthamanga kudutsa m'nkhalango ndi marshland, koma anathandizanso kuphimba flanks wa convoys asilikali ndi kukhalabe chitetezo cha kuwoloka.

zakupha atasemphana

Kumasulidwa kwa Minsk (1944) anali limodzi ndi kukana oopsa kwambiri ku mbali German. Iwo chinalepheretsa pasadakhale mofulumira 11 Army pansi pa lamulo la Chigalashiya. N'chifukwa chake asilikali Soviet m'boma Krupki - Holopenichi anakakamizika kuchita nkhondo tsiku lonse. Apa Red adaletsa 5 Panzer, ndi zotsalira za 95th ndi magulu 14. Cholinga cha lamulo lopondereza anali kuteteza yojambula a asilikali Soviet kuti Borisov ndi mfundo amphamvu a ku Germany pa Berezina mtsinje ndi kuphimba njira likulu Chibelarusi.

Nawonso Soviet 5 Panzer Army anatsogolera nagonjetsa pamodzi pamsewu Minsk. Atatero anapita ku Berezina mtsinje kumpoto kwa Borisov. Tikumbukenso kuti kanthu yatsopano mathanki pansi pa lamulo Rotmistrov, ndi ogwira amanyansidwa 2 Tatsinskiy thupi analola asilikali a 31 Army pasadakhale tsiku lina kuti 40 kukafika ndi kupita Beaver Mtsinje kum'mwera kwa mudzi Krupki.

The Kuoloka kwa Berezina Mtsinje

Popeza zokwanira chidaliro Soviet pasadakhale ku likulu Chibelarusi, izo zikanakhala zotheka ndi digiri yapamwamba chikhulupiriro chimene anamasulidwa Minsk mu 1944, anali pafupifupi zidzachitike. June 30 mphamvu yaikulu ya Red Army anafika Berezina Mtsinje ndipo anawoloka izo. 5 Army kukodzedwa kufalikira ake ndi n'kulowa chitetezo German pa mtunda wa 15 Km, ndi 3 Makina Corps, pafupifupi kuwononga mdani kumbuyo natenga Pleshchenitsy, motero oletsedwa msewu Borisov - Vileyka. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, asilikali a Soviet analenga loopsa kwambiri kwa mmodzi wa flanks ndi kumbuyo kwa mdani Borisov grouping.

Amayesetsanso, 11 alonda Army akadali mwachilungamo msanga anathyola kukana mdani, anafika Berezina, ndipo potsiriza anali wokhoza kuti afumye mtsinje. Pa nthawi imeneyo, magulu Soviet molambalala Germany kuchokera pambali kumanzere ndipo anasamukira ku Borisov. Chifukwa, mu mbali kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa mzinda anayamba kumenyana. Pa nthawi yomweyo mathanki Rotmistrov anapitiriza kuukira kum'mawa kwa Borisov.

Chintchito thanki Soviet

Machitidwe amene mtheradi cholinga anali kumasulidwa kwa Minsk ku Nazi anafuna pafupifupi misa ungwazi pa mbali ya asilikali Soviet. Popeza June 30, thanki platoon Paulo Cancer wopangidwa mwa magalimoto anayi, analamulidwa gawanikani Borisov ndi zivute zitani kugwiritsitsa bola ngati mzinda sanaloŵe mphamvu yaikulu ya 3 Makina Corps. La ntchito yonse ya anthu ogwira ntchito anapereka wolamulira T-34. Wachiwiri ndi wachitatu akasinja Yunaev ndi Kuznetsov kugonja kale, galimoto ina pa moto pa mlatho pa mtsinje Berezin, inatuluka anaphulitsa Germany ndizi izi. Onse a asilikali Red Army anaphedwa.

maola oposa 12 adalira a VP wa Cancer, zimene zinaphatikizapo wailesi woyendetsa-gunner A. Danilov ndi dalaivala A. Petryaev, anali akuvutika. Dziwani kuti yopuma ya Soviet magalimoto oti muli nazo zida anachititsa mantha mu asilikali mdani, ndipo kumakhala chinathandiza kumasulidwa oyambirira Borisov. Zimphona anali, mpaka posachedwapa, pamene kuwachotsa ku Germany anatumiza mfuti angapo kumenya ndi akasinja. Adalira P. Cancer anafa imfa amunamuna. Kenako anapatsidwa usilikali udindo wapamwamba wa Hero wa Soviet Union. Anthu olimba mtima chi chinali chachikulu kwambiri. Yomasulira Minsk ndiponso mizinda ina anapereka miyoyo yawo kwa ana yabwino ya Lathu. Zinali moona misa ungwazi.

Kukwezeleza zina

Lamulo German anatha kukonza pa njira kuti Borisov ena wokongola amphamvu potsimikizira-kuukira, koma iwo amachita analibe zotsatira ngakhale oyamba a asilikali a German Air Force. Mdani ndege akuuluka magulu a magalimoto 18, anayesa kuletsa asilikali Soviet kuwoloka Berezina. Koma Soviet kuukira ndege ndi zoponya mabomba kusonyeza kulasa wamphamvu mwa adani ndiponso okha anaukira kuchulukana Nazi makina pafupi Borisov.

Chifukwa Kumenyana pa July 1, Red Army anawoloka Berezina Mtsinje ndi kulanda mzindawo. Borisov grouping wa Wehrmacht anagonjetsedwa. Zimenezi chinthu pafupi kumasulidwa kwa Minsk kwa adani Nazi. Komabe, masiku awiri ayenera asilikali Soviet kuti agwire ntchito iyi.

Kubweranso kwa likulu Chibelarusi

Usiku, July 3, mkulu kutsogolo analamula kumasulidwa kwa Minsk Chernyakhovsky 31 Army, 2 Makina Corps mwina Panzer Army molamulidwa ndi Rotmistrov. M'mawa ndewu kunja kwa mzinda kum'mawa ndi kumpoto kwa mzinda, ndipo asilikali 7,30 Soviet bwinobwino anafika malo ake. Patadutsa maola awiri, likulu la Belarus, linayeretsedwa wa Nazi mercenaries.

1944 - chaka cha kumasulidwa kwa Minsk - analidi wopambana Red Army. Atatu wosatha, anthu a dilapidated mbakham'menya mzinda anadikirira tsiku pamene asilikali a Soviet potsiriza kulowa ndi kumasula iwo ku Nazi goli. Ndipo iwo anayembekezera ndipo anayima ndi ulemu pa nkhondoyi wosiyana!