Kukwera maluwa: kubzala ndi kukonza mu Siberia

Mfumukazi ananyamuka minda yokongola ndi malo kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo mpake okondedwa ndi alimi padziko lonse. Imakongoletsa maluwa ndi mitunda Russian. Kukwera mitundu ake abwino kwa munda choimirira. Kodi n'zotheka kukula wokongola ndi wathanzi maluwa Siberia? Kubzala ndi chisamaliro (zithunzi ndi malangizo m'nkhani ino), bwino ikuchitika, komanso malangizo Control Disease kuti kuthana ndi ntchito imeneyi.

Kusankha mitundu ayenera kudziwa

Pamaso kawetedwe maluwa, muyenera kukhala bwino ndi mitundu. Musathamangire kugula. Ndipotu, inu mukhoza kugula mbewu ndi pa Intaneti, ndipo kwambiri zambiri zosiyanasiyana ndipo n'zotheka kusankha bwino. Phunzirani sukulu, kulankhula ndi maonekedwe rosarian, kuwerenga amakhala okhudzidwa. Ngati kulankhulana moyo ndi alimi akhoza kuphunzira zambiri zamtengo wapatali. Atsopano musati ngakhale kudziwa zimene amafuna ayenera kukumana mbewu.

Nthawi zambiri zithunzi mu mndandanda yekha duwa shopu pamaso. Fungo, mawonekedwe a chitsamba, moodiness chisamaliro kapena kuphweka - zonse izi ndi zofunika kwambiri. Zitenga nthawi yayitali bwanji pachimake kumatenga, mmene chimodzi, ngati maluwa zokha, momwe iwo kusamalira maluwa? Mfundo zimenezi si nthawi zonse zilipo kwa wogulitsa malondayo.

Ngati chithunzi limaoneka duwa limodzi, koma musati kusonyeza chitsamba chilichonse lonse, izi zimatanthauza kuti mbewu sasiyana wochuluka maluwa chitsamba chilichonse kapena sangathe kudzitama mawonekedwe kukongoletsa.

Ife wamaluwa angoyamba kukhala chomera mu magawo oyambirira pali mafunso ambiri monga akuti: "Kodi kukula maluwa Siberia atitsegulire munda?" Inde, n'zotheka. Ndipo si monga zovuta monga Zingaoneke koyamba. gawo ndi waukulu, koma frosts aakulu zimachitika kulikonse.

Mavuto mu kuswana maluwa nyengo yozizira

Atsopano angachite bwino kulabadira ozizira zosagwira mitundu. Koma kukula maluwa Siberia mu wowonjezera kutentha n'zotheka ngakhale m'madera ambiri kumpoto.

Kuti athe bwino, ndi mfulu mbewu yodzera zobiriwira maluwa, muyenera kudziwa ndiponso kutsatira malamulo. Ngati iwo kuphunzira, koma iwo si zovuta, zilibe kukhumudwitsa, ndiponso mwina kukhala amakonda kubzala chizolowezi maluwa Siberia. Yambani ndi mapeto unalembedwa munda ntchito yokhudzana ndi kutentha kwa mpweya yozungulira ndi digiri kuti konzekera pansi. Monga zaposachedwapa, nyengo ndi osakhazikika limanenanso mafunso latsopano la chisamaliro wosakhwima maluwa.

Nthawi zambiri iwo onse amavomereza kuti tanthauzo la chodzala masiku, mu chisamaliro cha wolemera yozizira, feteleza bwino, imapereka yaitali ndiponso wodzaza maluwa, ndi polimbana ndi matenda. Monga mitundu monga Rambler kapena Clymer, lomwe ndi zachilendo, wodzichepetsa komanso katswiri wamaluwa kukwera maluwa, kubzala ndi chisamaliro cha mitundu izi Siberia sikovuta. Komabe, kulima awo limodzi ndi ena - zosamalira zosangalatsa, monga kamangidwe ka Edene.

kumene kudzala

Iwo ali kuwala zofuna. Kubzala maluwa Siberia m'dzinja ayenera idzachitika kutenga nkhani Mbali imeneyi. Mwa njira, kuoneka kuti ngati zitsamba kupereka kuisamalira - .. kuthirira, feteleza, etc., iwo adzaphuka ndi pachimake ngakhale mu mthunzi tsankho.

Ngati mukufuna azikongoletsa linga la zomera panyumba, Rose - osati kusankha bwino. Pafupi ndi nyumba pali chiopsezo cha kusintha chowawa kutentha. Pa dzanja limodzi - panja pa msewu, pa zina - ofunda khoma la nyumba. N'kutheka thawing matalala kapena wofuka ya chisanu, icing pa nthawi ya m'firiji pamtunda. amasiyanitsa amenewa zimawononga zomera wosakhwima. Ngakhale bwino anayatsa kum'mwera khoma sangawapulumutse zinthu. Near mpanda wa maluwa sikuthandiza kubzala. Kwa iwo, wabwino ndi bwino anayatsa malo ndi penumbra pakati kapena kunja kwa mzinda wa m'deralo. Ngati mukufunadi azikongoletsa nyumba, ndiye kudzala zitsamba pa mtunda wa osachepera wina mita kuchokera pampanda kum'mwera.

kukonzekera nthaka

Kumbani dzenje za masentimita 40h40h40, kuvala pansi feteleza zovuta. Maluwa ali tcheru kwambiri ndi khalidwe la nthaka. Ngati ndi dongo, fani izo, kuwonjezera mchenga, phulusa nkhuni, manyowa, zimene peat ndi pang'ono tsamba. Ngati dothi makamaka mchenga, manyowa, humus ndi tsamba nthaka. zigawo amenewo mwachilungamo chopatsa thanzi komanso mwachilungamo kulemetsedwa.

Kubzala maluwa Siberia - si lachinyengo, koma ngati inu kudzala wamkulu osati pa katundu, ndi mwini-mizu, ndiye iwe sungakhoze kuchita mantha kuti m'chaka m'malo cultivar adzakhala pa malo bwino nyengo yachisanu kumagwiridwa chilombo ananyamuka m'chiuno. Yesani kusankha mitundu izo eni mizu ndi muzu khosi mulimonse kuzamitsa osachepera 5 cm. Cholimba kuzamitsa komanso osavomerezeka, monga malo a kumezetsanitsa maluwa adzakhala apereke mizu yatsopano, ndi mizu ya Scion izo chidzakula kwambiri chosalimba.

Theka kapena gawo limodzi la okonzeka Peat osakaniza ayenera kuvala pansi pa dzenje, pansi mizu. Otsatidwa ndi bwino moisten gawo lapansi, ndi kudzaza mu madzi dzenje. mizu asanadzalemo ufa phulusa ndi modekha ndi wogawana ikani kudzenje. Nthaka otsala kutsanulira pamwamba pa mizu, kuyesera kuthetsa bwino, osati kusiya voids lalikulu pakati pa iwo. Kachiwiri zochuluka kutsanulira.

Kodi kupulumutsa zomera?

Nyundo ndi abwino kwambiri kubzala ndi Thirani wamkulu ananyamuka. Kubzala ndi chisamaliro ku Siberia m'chaka - nthawi yabwino kudzala yopangidwa kuchokera ku cuttings, komanso maluwa, anatumiza makalata ndi overwintered mu chipinda ozizira kunyumba.

Garden ntchito angayambe yomweyo pambuyo chisanu chimasungunula, pamene fosholo n'zosavuta kukhala mbali pansi. Izi kawirikawiri choncho April. Achikulire zitsamba kuziika mu kasupe, koma si yoyenera kuposa m'dzinja - yaitali kuti ndizolowere malo atsopano zingakhale ndi zotsatira zoipa maluwa, ndipo mukuganiza kuti chitsamba yankhanza kapena anasankha malo olakwika. Koma cuttings kasupe nthawi zonse bwino mwangwiro. nthambi Zagotovte m'dzinja. Dulani mphukira yaitali, kubweretsa kunyumba ndi mankhwala mu ofooka njira ya permanganate potaziyamu. Uwasunge chapansi m'bokosi ndi mchenga. Ngati palibe chapansi, kuika mu firiji, mu dipatimenti masamba atsopano. Kuti mphukira sanali auma, kukulunga iwo mu nsalu yonyowa pokonza, ndiyeno pulasitiki. M'chaka adzakhala mwatsopano ndi zobiriwira.

kafalitsidwe ndi cuttings

Mu April, pamene chisanu chimasungunula, kuchotsa woonda chapamwamba mbali ya mphukira, kudula nthambi cuttings 10-15 masentimita ndi masamba pa aliyense, zilowerere kwa tsiku mu madzi ndi permanganate potassium ndi zingabzalidwe. Pakuti chifukwa kungakupatseni ntchito kornevinom.

Kotero kasupe frosts sizidzawonongedwa zomera, kuwakhazikitsa dzuwa, kutetezedwa ku mphepo malo ndi lotayirira nthaka yachonde. Aliyense phesi, kuphimba ndi botolo pulasitiki: kudula pansi ndi pamwamba ndi chivindikiro, ntchito monga Mini-wowonjezera kutentha. Samalani kuti nthaka zonse yonyowa. Patapita mwezi umodzi, inu mukhoza kuyamba ventilate greenhouses, mabotolo, mwachidule kuchotsa chivundikiro. Izi pang'onopang'ono accustom zomera m'mlengalenga achilengedwe. Kodi ichi bwinobwino. Mapangidwe mizu ayenera kutentha, kutentha zonse, chinyezi mkulu ndi kayendedwe otsutvie. Anazolowera kuti zinthu zimenezi ndi kamodzi panja, pachinyezi chomera akhoza kuthana ndi anatengera zovuta ndi kufa.

Amakhulupirira kuti maonekedwe a masamba woyamba atsimikiza unachitikira rooting. Chisakhale kusangalala. Achotseretu mabotolo yekha mu miyezi ingapo. Komanso chaka chino zonse muli mosamala kusamalira zomera achinyamata - pritenyat ku dzuwa lotentha, manyowa, kuteteza kuyanika kuchokera mu nthaka kapena ataima madzi, kuteteza kuzizira.

Kodi pali Hardy kukwera maluwa? Kubzala ndi kusamalira mu Siberia ambiri mitundu Rambler klaymingov ndipo sayambitsa vuto kwambiri, monga iwo akufotokozedwa ngati wodzichepetsa ndi Hardy. Ngati ndinu - woyamba, kusankha sanali ndikamezetsanidwemo cultivar wamkulu mu nazale m'deralo.

rambler

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti kukula maluwa kwa cuttings mu Siberia, ndi bwino zigwiritsidwe ntchito ndi Rambler. Kwambiri bwino kutsimikiziridwa mapangidwe nkhanza zosiyanasiyana monga "Dorothy Perkins", "Bobbi Dzheyms" ndi "ekstselsa". Kudula akhoza kuchita mu chirimwe. Pakuti cuttings alemba ntchito nthambi za kotala chachitatu cha mkwapulo - amene ali pafupi ku mapeto. Dulani nkhuni kukula kwa pensulo. Kuyika amapezeka mu kutentha kwa mwezi umodzi.

Rambler ndi chomera zosavuta zokongoletsa madera aang'onoang'ono. chikwapu awo amakula mamita asanu, iwo kusintha kwambiri ndi ductile. Iwo swirled padziko thandizo mu mobwerera malangizo, kuyesera kuyika nthambi yopingasa. Njira zimenezi zimachititsa regrowth a mphukira zatsopano maluwa a maluwa. Kubzala ndi kusamalira mu Siberia kalasi "rambler" kwa wamaluwa woyamba. maluwa ang'ono, pawiri, anasonkhana maluwa zobiriwira kuti kuli kwambiri yatcheredwa chitsamba onse. Maluwa ngakhale umodzi, koma wochuluka kwambiri, kumatenga pafupifupi mwezi. Maluwa kudzikongoletsa munda wanu kwa nthawi yaitali, ndi chiyambi cha maluwa amasiya kudya komanso kutsatira chinyezi nthaka pansi chitsamba.

Zosiyanasiyana maluwa onunkhira

wamaluwa ambiri amayamikira musk maluwa. Kubzala ndi kusamalira mu Siberia mtundu umenewu kukhala opambana, ngati inu kusankha malo kumasula nthaka ndale, bwino kutetezedwa ku chisanu ndi mokwanira linawala. Traditional musk maluwa exude ndi fungo lamphamvu la Amber. Iye abwera osati kwa pamakhala, monga zimachitika ndi mitundu ina, ndi ku stamens, choncho maluwa ngakhale lopuwala otha kupuma. Komabe, iwo sikuti nthawi zonse chotero fungo wolemera. hybrids ambiri kukongoletsa kuposa zosiyanasiyana achikulire, koma odorless. Musk ananyamuka kubala kusintha wothamanga mamita 2.5 yaitali. Izi zimathandiza kuti kupiphatisa pergolas yokongola ndi arches. The mitundu bwino - "Mozart" ndi "Ballerina".

Kakang'ono kukwera ananyamuka

Chitsanzo china chosangalatsa kukwera maluwa - mtundu wa "pirouette". Popeza nthambi zake musati kukula kuposa mita ndi theka, nthawi zambiri anabzala monga shrab - wosakwatiwa chitsamba. maluwa Small pang'ono apurikoti mthunzi mu racemes. Kuwuluridwa ansangala kwambiri ndipo ndi zochuluka zoti si zooneka masamba pambuyo pawo. Maluwa yaitali. The fungo la wokoma, okoma, okoma, ngakhale ofooka. "Pirouette", pafupifupi si amadwala powdery cinoni ndi wakuda zoonera, nthawi zambiri amagwera maluwa. Kubzala ndi chisamaliro ku Siberia zosiyanasiyana ndi, yabwino ndi chifukwa limakhudza ozizira zosagwira. A pogona yaing'ono Komabe, pali n'kofunika.

Climber

Tinganene, yaikulu kukwera maluwa. Kubzala ndi chisamaliro ku Siberia osiyanasiyana, akhoza kukhala zovuta ndi mavuto ndi pogona. Poyerekeza ndi rambler amene chikwapu kufika-mita zisanu m'litali Climber - chabe mwana. Iwo sakudziwa kukula mphukira chizindikiro 2-mita. Komabe, iwo ndi wandiweyani ndipo kupinda mosavuta ngati mu kakang'ono Rambler. Entwine kuthawa ngati kuzungulira mtengo kapena Chipilala zovuta. Ngati inu tiyeni nthambi vertically m'mwamba, izo pachimake okha kumapeto chapamwamba. Maluwa anapanga mowolowa manja kwambiri, ngati nthambi ndi yopingasa. Mu duwa munda wa zimakupiza pa mipanda, trellises. Choncho analimbikitsa regrowth a mphukira zatsopano maluwa. Ngati mukufuna maluwa yanu ukufalikira ngati n'zotheka, ndiye zingwe masamba kusiya kudya ndi kuthirira mu kouma tsiku ndi tsiku. Climber A pachimake pooti! Large maluwa onunkhira kukometsera chitsamba kwa pafupifupi mwezi, ndi kukhala remontant - kawiri pa nyengo. The mitundu bwino - "Elf," "Rosanna," "Pinki Mtambo" ndi "Per De Ronsard".

Pogona kwa dzinja

Kodi kusunga maluwa Siberia m'nyengo yozizira? Kubzala ndi chisamaliro, kuthirira ndi Kupalira, feteleza ndi tizilombo ulamuliro - zonse, munatani m'chaka, chilimwe ndi autumn akhoza kuwononga ndi chaka chamawa zonse adzakhala ndi kuyamba onse kachiwiri, kuphatikizapo Kufunafuna zabwino odalirika chitsamba ngati wokolopa wanu kugunda chisanu.

Nestle ananyamuka pambuyo chisanu woyamba, tsiku youma. Zimenezi n'zofunika, chifukwa pogona yonyowa tchire kulenga nyengo akumane ndi chitukuko cha matenda a mafangasi. Mphukira kuchotsedwa mayendedwe ndi mosamala anaika pansi. Ngati abakha wandiweyani nthambi Climber, ndiye ntchito foloko kugumula lapansi. Kotero kudzakhala kosavuta kuti asandutse chitsamba. Rasplastyvat safuna pa nthaka otsika kwambiri. Tiyeni nsanja pang'ono. Cholinga chanu ndi kudzala mipingu mu malaya ubweya. bwino kwambiri mu nyengo nkhanza kutsimikiziridwa nonwovens mtundu lutrasila. Tengani wakuda kwambiri ndipo pindani mu zigawo zingapo. Tchire muyenera kuika bulangeti olimba, osati zotsala lakutali. Pamodzi wozungulira Kankhani njerwa.

kutsegula

Kodi kuyamba kukula maluwa Siberia? Spring - nthawi pamene kugula latsopano ndi kutsegula tchire akale. Chotsani chivundikiro ayenera kukhala mu magawo angapo. Choyamba kuiulutsa, ndiyeno kuwulula, kuwonjezeka nthawi, ndipo potsiriza kwathunthu kuchotsedwa. Izi zachitika kuphunzitsa mitundu zinthu zatsopano. Pambuyo kuchotsa zinthu pogona, kusakatula chikwapu ndi kudula zowonongeka kapena akufa minofu wathanzi. Panthawi imeneyi, zosavuta kumasula dothi mozungulira mizu ya maluwa ndi kunyamula namsongole.

feteleza

Kodi ndifunika wapadera feteleza maluwa mu Siberia? Kubzala ndi chisamaliro m'chigawo penapake zambiri yolemetsa kuposa ku Ulaya, koma izi nkwa kutetezedwa ku m'nthawi yozizira. Mu china chirichonse chimodzimodzi. Spring zomera zimafuna ndalama zambiri asafe, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Maluwa amadalira kwambiri pa zikuchokera tating'onoting'ono nthaka ndi tcheru chosowa ichi kapena icho amafotokozera. Koma acidity, pang'ono acidic (pH 5.6) adzakhala pa nthawi. Kuyambira m'ma July, asafe umuna utithandize kukula kwa mphukira, ayenera anasiya. Osati kuti dzinja mu chitsamba adzakhala kwambiri achinyamata mphukira osalimba zimene sangaime zolimba yozizira - minofu akhudzidwa wa zanthete adzakhala kuswana pansi matenda amene angachititse imfa ya mbewu lonse.

Ngati n'zotheka kudyetsa duwa manyowa, ndiye kuchita izo m'chaka ndipo adzakudalitsani kukula kwambiri ndi maluwa. manyowa chawola ndi mullein - yabwino fetereza kwa maluwa. Manyowa - asafe katundu, ndipo anafunika potaziyamu ndi phosphorous ndi mu phulusa nkhuni. Komanso, kukula koyenera ndi chitukuko cha zomera calcium, magnesium, chitsulo, boron, manganese, mkuwa. Choncho kuchita ndi feteleza zovuta mchere.

Mu September watha tikulimbikitsidwa kuti pansi pa chitsamba superphosphate kapena nitrate potaziyamu.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Ndi nthawi kupeza zomwe maluwa odwala. Kubzala ndi chisamaliro ku Siberia zomera wosakhwima si yovuta kwambiri, koma nyengo nkhanza imafoola katundu m'thupi la maluwa, ndipo iwo akhoza kuyamba kupweteka. The matenda ambiri kukwera maluwa - wakuda banga ndi powdery cinoni.

wakuda banga

vuto limeneli si monga wowopsa ngati izo zikumveka, ngakhale oipayo amawononganso kwambiri maonekedwe a zitsamba. Kumachitika nthawi zambiri mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe. Masamba yokutidwa ndi mawanga akuda, ndiyeno nkutembenuka chikasu ndipo kuguluka. Kuyambira pansi pa chitsamba ndi pang'onopang'ono kukacha. Zikavuta, ife kukhala ndi subsidence wathunthu wa masamba. Mu matenda oyambirira, tiri wokwanira kuti Vulani masamba akhudzidwa ndi moto, ndi utsi chitsamba ofooka njira mullein (gawo limodzi mullein - 20 mbali madzi). njira ziwiri kapena zitatu ndi chokwanira. Ngati simungathe kupeza mullein, kugula katundu m'sitolo munali penconazole, triazole kapena mancozeb. Zimakhala "topazi", "Malonda", "mwamphamvu" kapena "Ridomil Gold".

powdery cinoni

Matendawa nthawi zambiri zimakhudza maluwa kukula mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi. Mu kukwera maluwa vutolo limachitika monga chotsatira cha damping wolemera chifukwa cha kuthirira kwambiri wochuluka nyengo yozizira. Zingamvekere mbali wamng'ono. Iwo anaphimba ndi woyera chimanga ❖ kuyanika. Kupopera tchire kulowetsedwa wa phulusa nkhuni mu nkhani iyi ndi othandiza kwambiri. Choyamba muyenera kuchotsa masamba anakhudzidwa, masamba ndi mphukira, kudula iwo minofu wathanzi. Ndizo zonse m'pofunika kuwotcha kwa microflora tizilombo si anapitiriza ntchito. Akukankhira zitsamba ayenera sprayed ndi yankho la phulusa ndi muzimutsuka ndi madzi oyera kwa maola awiri. Zikavuta ntchito yokonzekera munali triazol - "mwamphamvu" ndipo "topazi".