Vivisection - ndichiyani?

Nkhaniyi imafotokoza zimene ali vivisection, pamene woyamba anayamba kuchitidwa ntchito zofanana, ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani ali ofunikira.

sayansi

Chiwerengero cha mitundu imene padziko lapansi wathu, n'zosadabwitsa osiyanasiyana. Akatswiri akale anali ndi chidwi mmene ntchito yomanga thupi la nyama ndi anthu. Chifukwa kudziwa malire ndipo limatanthauza kwambiri za kafukufuku wawo anali kuphunzira kapangidwe ka ziwalo mkati ndi ntchito zawo. Koma ngakhale tsopano, ndi unyinji wonse wa luso la sayansi, ife tikudziwa za unit wa zamoyo kwachilengedwenso si onse. Ndipo imodzi mwa njira kumathandiza kumvetsa ndi vivisection. Kodi njira zimene mitundu zake, ife tisanthule m'nkhani ino.

tanthauzo

Vivisection - opaleshoni opaleshoni imene ikuchitikira pa nyama zosiyanasiyana kuti kuphunzira ntchito za ziwalo ndi thupi lonse. Choyamba otchulidwa mbiri yakale chibwenzi kubwerera ku II m'ma AD. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamene muyenera onani zotsatira kapena zotsatira za ntchito mankhwala ena atsopano. Mwambo Inter zina zotere, ndi zolinga maphunziro kuonetsa kapangidwe ka zamoyo prepariruemyh ophunzira Institute ndi ena apadera sukulu. Ndi zimenezi ndipo pali vivisection. njira zimenezi, ife tikudziwa tsopano. Imachitika zatsopano ofanana, mwa njira, ndi m'masukulu ena, ndipo nthawi zambiri nkhani za kafukufuku ndi chule wamba.

Kupotozedwa ndi maganizo

Masiku ano, lingaliro ili kawirikawiri kusokoneza anthu kutali sayansi, akuitana zatsopano aliyense vivisection nyama (kuphatikizapo amene akutsatiridwa popanda opaleshoni mu matupi awo), zimene zimachititsa kuti kuphwanya thanzi. Mwachitsanzo, zodzoladzola mayeso kawopsedwe wa mankhwala atsopano, zolinga zoweta umagwirira ndi zina zotero - zonsezi sitinganene kuti "vivisection" yaitali. Ndichiyani mungafune, ife kumvetsa.

maganizo a anthu

Mu mayiko olemera mowirikiza akuwuka kayendedwe kakhalidwe ka amaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamoyo kuyesa mankhwala atsopano ndi njira mankhwala ambiri. Monga ife tikudziwa kale, kuitana zatsopano izi vivisection si zoonadi Komabe, mawu unakhala pafupifupi n'chimodzimodzi ndi chinachake wankhanza kwambiri komanso woipa.

Izi ndi zovuta koyenela nkhani, ndi kuchitira izo motsimikiza zovuta. Pa dzanja limodzi, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu, ngakhale opusa wamoyo, chifukwa zosiyanasiyana zatsopano woipa mtima. Koma ena - zimenezi kulola Kankhani sayansi patsogolo, kuti mukupanga mankhwala atsopano adakalibe ndi zinthu zina zambiri zimene amasunga anthu amoyo. Koma vivisection - amatsegula nyama yonseyo kapena zazing'ono opaleshoni kufufuza thupi lake monga ulamuliro, pansi mankhwala, osati kudziyesa ndi zatsopano nyama. Kusokoneza mawu awa sangakhale. vivisection Kodi masiku ano timadziŵa.

Malire a vivisection

Akukhulupirira kuti nyama chitetezo kayendedwe anatuluka posachedwapa, koma zimenezi si zoona. Woyamba bungwe lotero anakhazikitsidwa kumbuyo mu 1883 mu United States. Chifukwa cha ichi chinali kukhazikitsidwa mu England lamulo pa chitetezo cha nyama.

Poyamba gululi zimangokolezera kuchepetsa vivisection. Komabe, Patapita zaka zingapo zasintha cholinga chake ndi chiyembekezo chakuti mokwanira ndi chiletso cha ntchito monga vivisection. Ndiko kuti, tikudziwa tsopano.

Ndipo ndi momwe, ku France, ndi kuletsa zatsopano amenewa anachita Viktor Gyugo yekha.

Ngati ife kulankhula za dziko lathu, mu 1977 USSR anatengera lamulo umene kuiperekeza pamene autopsy, ndi zina alowererepo opaleshoni ndi mitembo ya nyama popanda chisanadze mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi iwo anali oletsedwa.

Vivisection. Kodi muli nyerere

Mu 2012, zowonetsera anamasulidwa ndi zopelekedwa sayansi filimu za chipangizo ndi moyo ndi tizilombo. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono komanso kufufuza microscopes wamphamvu filimu kumaonekeranso mwatsatanetsatane dongosolo mkati tizilombo monga matupi awo, ndipo ena mfundo zosangalatsa. Bukuli lakonzedwa kuti omvera linafalitsidwa kwambiri zotheka, ndipo adzakhala chidwi ngakhale anthu amene kwenikweni mu sayansi.

Vivisection. lofanana

Mau ofanana mawu alibe kwambiri. Perekani dictionary zotsatirazi: vivisection, kung'ambika, ntchito pa zamoyo.

Zatsopano pa anthu

Mwalamulo, n'zotheka vivisection pa anthu sanayambe aganizapo. Koma mu mbiri dziko adakali kufotoza ngati mantha, iwo agwa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Ichi chidachitika ndi madokotala Nazi Germany, ntchito monga experimental akaidi kundende ina. Pa mapeto a nkhondo zambiri zotere "madokotala" anaonekera ngati wozengedwa pa Nuremberg Mayesero ndipo anapatsidwa chilango.

Komanso ngati madokotala anachita gulu lapadera "Detachment 731" Imperial Japanese Army. Iwo ankachita chitukuko ndi njira za nkhondo bacteriological. Ndipo mbira "chuma", nayenso, anali akaidi a nkhondo. Vivisection imachitika onse pa anthu athanzi ndi anthu amene kale zotsatira bacteriological. Komanso, ofufuza Japanese ankafufuza zotsatira pa anthu otsika kwambiri ndi kutentha. Malinga ndi umboni, nthawi zambiri ntchito mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi.

Mwamwayi, mu nthawi yathu, zatsopano izi analola m'mayiko onse. Komabe, mofanana ndi zina zambiri uweme, koma maganizo kwa mfundo zimene zikuyenela maganizo.

Choncho tinakambirana tanthauzo la mawu akuti "vivisection", icho chiri ndi chifukwa chake ntchito.