Kuipitsa lithosphere ndi

Earth - wamba athu ambiri, chimene inu nthawi zonse ndikufuna kuona zabwino, koma masiku ano ali pangozi yaikulu, ndipo ndife mlandu, anthu mu mavuto ake. Munthu wakhala akukhulupirira kuti dziko limene akukhala, - odalirika, malire ndi wamphamvu wowolowa manja, koma ndi ntchito zawo zikhoza kuwononga lithosphere sakanatha n'komwe.

Lero, ife zambiri kudzifunsa funso mmene kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha Dziko Lapansi ndipo tokha. Izi makamaka anati khumi zapitazo, pamene mavuto enieni anachititsa wayamba zikuonekera kwambiri.

Poyamba ankaganiza kuti dziko lonse lapansi lidzakhala zikutsatiridwa wina zaka chikwi, koma zaposachedwapa anthu ankavutika akuluakulu monga kuipitsa lithosphere lapansi. Kupweteka kuganiza opangidwa anali m'dziko kamodzi chonde kuti lero wotopa komanso osayenera ulimi.

kuipitsidwa lithosphere kwachititsa chakuti mbali ya dziko sikudzamvekanso kale ntchito ulimi, monga linasiiratu zokolola. Masiku ano, mayiko amenewa zatenga pafupifupi 1% ya padziko dziko.

nthawi yathu mpake kutchedwa "chosamanga chitukuko." Poyamba ana tinatengera kwa zaka anasiya nyumba kapena nkhani zikachitika chiwonongeko cha linga, ndi olowa adzalandira ife phiri la zinyalala banja, amene ambiri anapeza mu dela la mzinda. Ndi chifukwa cha ntchito mosaganizira anthu, kukhumba kwake kuti phindu pa mtengo uliwonse.

Mfundo kuchititsa kuipitsa lithosphere ndi - ndi Choyamba, mafakitale ndi zinyansi, kusalankhula zomangamanga, migodi kufanana yaikulu. Anthu irrecoverably wawononga zimene iye kasupe wa n'zodalirika. mabungwe akuluakulu, osati pa mwambo, anadzikhuthula mu nthaka nyukiliya zinthu, oxides zitsulo ndi poizoni. chakuti kuipitsa lithosphere akhoza kuyambitsa ndi tsoka zachilengedwe, wa ili palibe munthu ndi otetezeka, iwo ndi chidwi pang'ono. Zotsatira kulikonse tsopano ikufalikira m'madera osiyanasiyana a Dziko Lapansi.

ndi kapangidwe ka lithosphere chiyani, zimene tikudziwa za iye? Tikapenda mipweya ya miyala kuti ali mu matanthwe a pansi padziko, molondola akhoza adzaweruzidwa pa akuya 15-16 Km. Kodi chimachitika zakuya, asayansi masiku ano amene anaphunzira mpaka mapeto, ndi za zochitika zambiri iwo angakhoze kokha ndikulingalira. vuto kwagona kuti lithosphere chilipo pokhapokha kafukufuku mwachindunji mu madera a dziko.

Nthawi zina kusokoneza maganizo "kutumphuka dziko lapansi" ndi "lithosphere", koma iwo sali ofanana, koma pafupi zokwanira basi tanthauzo. Lithosphere - ndi pamwamba, chipolopolo olimba a Dziko Lapansi. Amakhala ndi mkulu-mphamvu miyala. Za makulidwe a ake amene angatsutse asayansi ena amakutcha osiyanasiyana 30-40 Km, pamene ena amaganiza kuti 60-70 Km.

Lithosphere dongosolo ili: chokhuthala, kumtunda kwa pakhoma, komanso kusuntha dera kapena apangidwe lamba ndi nsanja khola. Ngati tikambirana dongosolo yake pansi pa nyanja ndi pansi lonselo, ndi zimasiyana. Pansi yotsirizira tichipeza zigawo: lubwe, basalt ndi nyanja 80 Km wandiweyani, ndi pa nyanja ya kufufuza zinthu: dunite ndi harzburgites wochindikala pankhani zimenezi za 5,10 Km, ndi wosanjikiza lubwe si konse.

ntchito zachilengedwe a lithosphere kuti: geodynamic, geochemical ndi geophysical. Iwo amayamba, poyamba pa zonse, zamoyo padziko lapansi. Woyamba zikuphatikizapo zinangokhalako zokha ndi anthropogenic, amatonthoza ndipo, ndithudi, chitetezo cha anthu azikhalamo Padziko Lapansi. The lachiwiri ndi lachitatu - ndi geochemical ndi geophysical munda, zomwe zimakhudza boma la dera la zamoyo ndipo, ndithudi, chilengedwe anthu.

The Earth ndi ngati thupi la munthu, kulowerera zosayenera ndi mavuto posakonzekera, ndi kuyembekezera yekha kudziletsa malamulo ntchito zachilengedwe a lithosphere ndi - ndi lotayirira ndi waufupi woona.