Krete. Spinalonga chilumba

Spinalonga chilumba lili kum'mawa kwa Krete, pafupi Elounda. Spinalonga amatchedwa "chilumba cha akhate", monga pano mpaka 1957, kutumiza odwala onse ndi matenda kwa Greece kumtunda komanso Krete. Kale, chisumbucho chinali mbali ya dziko la ku Krete, ndi kumpoto kwa pachilumbachi. Pa malo pachilumbachi anali wolumikizana ndi Krete, unali mzinda wa Olous, umene ndi chifukwa cha chivomezi analumphira m'nyanja.

Pa nthawi Byzantine pa malo pachilumbacho linga, koma ndi kubera Aluya kuti Spinalonga anawonongedwa. Lero, "chilumba cha akhate" kukaona ambirimbiri alendo amene yopita bwato m'tauni ya Elounda, Agios Nikolaos ndi Plaka, kuti akaone nyumba anasiya.

Mbiri ya chilumba cha Spinalonga

Chilumba anaonekera kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XVI, pamene chitetezo ndi zotheka kuwukira kuchokera kum'mawa kwa chilumba ku Avenetia anamanga mpanda wolimba ndi kulekanitsidwa izo kwa onse a dziko lonse njira. Yomanga kufikako maofesi anamalizidwa mu 1579. Mu 1669, pambuyo anagonjetsa Krete ndi ku Turkey, Spinalonga chilumba ali zaka zoposa 30 mu chigawo cha Avenetia ndipo anali pothawirapo mabanja ambiri achikristu. Only mu 1715, anasamukira olamulira latsopano. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, pambuyo Krete anamasulidwa m'mayiko Turkey anapeza malo awo pa Spinalonga. Kumasula chilumba ku okhalamo zakale, boma Greek wasankha kukhazikitsa kuno khate.

Chiyambi cha dzina la chilumbachi

Lero, Spinalonga amatchedwa osati kwa chisumbu chaching'ono, koma zilumba zina zonse pamodzi Elounda ndi Korinto yopapatiza. Pali zambiri kuti Kolokifa amatchedwanso Spinalonga, chifukwa poyamba anaphatikizidwa chilumba. Inde Spinalonga chilumba lili pafupi Kolokify ndi madzi zazing'ono. Choncho, n'zotheka kuti chidutswa cha dziko wakhala anapambulwa chongopeka ndi Avenetia, kuti athe kumanga malo awa linga. Spinalonga chilumba ankatchedwa agonjetsi Venetian amene sanadziwe Greek. Iwo anawamasulira Olounda Spinalonte mutu ngati pofika m'zaka za m'ma khumi ndi chitatu. ndiye chilumba nalo dzina lake panopa. Kumene, N'zosadabwitsa, monga momwe adalowa dzina ankavala ndi chilumba cha Venice.

Features kwa chilumba malo

Spinaloga Island (Krete) lili Bay Mirabello. Kale, ili kakang'ono anali gawo la Chile, koma kenako mlatho woonda anawonongedwa. Ngakhale asanabwere wa Avenetia pa Spinalonga mpanda ang'onoang'ono malo kale anamanga. Avenetia yomweyo anayamikira ubwino onse malo mu Bay a Islands namanga pa malo zonse kunachitika m'linga, limene kwa nthawi yaitali pafupifupi angaloŵe.

Turkey utakhala chilumbacho

Pamene mawu a nkhondo yosatha yapakati pa ufulu wolamulira ntchito Mediterranean chinafunika. Cyprus wakhala anagonjetsa Ottoman, Turkey ndi zonse anaukira kugombe la ku Krete. Koma ina analanda chilumba cha Spinalonga. Kerete anali woyamba kulamulidwa ndi Turkey. Pachilumba kuyambira ntchito anakakhala wamba, makamaka asodzi. Koma pambuyo ulimi chimene chinachitika ku Krete patatha zaka 150, chirichonse wasintha kwambiri, ndipo Spinalonga Turkey mabanja kuthawa Cretans, koma sizinakhalitse kwambiri. Kamodzi pa chilumba anabweretsa mtanda loyamba akhate, iye pang'ono anthu.

Khate pachilumba

Khate pa chilumba ndipo anapulumuka pambuyo Krete anakhala gawo la Greece. Akhate wabweretsedwa kuno osati wa dziko lino, komanso kwa anthu ena. Kwa nthawi yaitali moyo odwala khate pachilumbachi anali ndi maloto oyipa. Iwo ankakhala m'nyumba dilapidated, sanathe kukonza nyumba. Ndalama zokwanira osati chakudya komanso madzi akumwa. Only pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, vuto ndi pang'ono wasintha chifukwa chotsatira. Izi zisanachitike, chisumbu Spinalonga, chithunzi chimene inu mukhoza kuwona pansipa, anakhalabe malo a chisoni ndi misozi.

Pambuyo Kerete anali kulamulidwa ndi Anazi, amene mantha imautsa akhate kuthawa, nthawi zonse aziwapatsa chakudya chilumba. Ajeremani kuopa pangano ndi khate osachiritsika pa nthawi, kuti nthawi zonse zochita za aliyense amadzinenera kukaona malo achitetezo. Chifukwa chilumbacho chimatchedwa "malo ufulu" pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Mu 1957, pambuyo Kupezeka kwa mankhwala a odwala khate pang'onopang'ono anayamba kusiya Spinalonga. Photos of m'dera inali nthawi pang'ono, pamene anthu a ku Krete, kwa nthawi yaitali sanayese n'komwe kukawaona chifukwa cha mantha awo tsankho.

Momwe kuti chisumbucho

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ngakhale mbiri yake choopsa ponena za Spinalonga chilumba ndemanga mokalipa analandira mwa alendo odzacheza malo awa. Iye anakhala mmodzi wa malo otchuka a ku Krete ndi chimodzi mwa zisanu chidwi kwambiri kukaona malo amenewa. Spinalonga linga wokha sukhalira bwino anapulumutsidwa, ndi pamwamba pa phiri limene lili, limatithandiza zodabwitsa za m'nyanja. Ena mwa nyumba ili pa chilumba anali anakongoletsa. Apa anatsegula cafe, kachikumbutso masitolo. Pali ngakhale malo kumene inu mukhoza kubwereka zida masewera.

Inu angafikire chilumba cha Agios Nikolaos, Elounda kapena Plaka boti. M'chaka, maboti ndi otvozyaschie yobweretsera alendo afuna kukaona Spinalonga, kupita kanayi pa ola limodzi. Matikiti ndalama zokwana khumi mayuro ana ndalama kawiri monga zochepa. Kwa chilimwe, ku doko la Elounda inyamuka chombo chilichonse ola ulendo limene, popanda kuyendera chilumba, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo ulendo wa Kolokife.

Komanso, alendo kukakwera ngalawa ku mudzi wa Plaka, kumpoto kwa Elounda. Choncho, ulendo amatenga mphindi khumi zokha, chifukwa Plaka mwachindunji zosiyana chilumba. m'mizinda akhoza anafika ndi galimoto payekha, wakuti kum'mawa kwa Heraklion kwa Agios Nikolaos. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito ndi mapulogalamu zambiri ulendowu, monga osati ulendo Spinalonga, komanso nkhomaliro pa nyumba za alendo m'deralo, ndi kusambira pa Kolokify gombe kufupi kwambiri pachilumbachi.