Kodi ndindalama zitsulo zodula kwambiri

Zaka zambiri zadutsa chichitikireni zimenezo, mu 1869, D. I. Mendeleev anayambitsa anthu tebulo lake loyamba la zinthu mankhwala. Ndipo lero, anthu ambiri pa dziko amasamala chidwi kwambiri funso: "Kodi adzaitana mochuluka bwanji ndi zitsulo zodula kwambiri padziko lapansi?" Ndipo ngati miyala ya mtengo wapatali apangidwa kwambiri kapena zochepa wokhulupirika chifaniziro, ndiye wodziwa zinthu zitsulo zikuipiraipirabe malonda. Ochepa adzatha dzina zitsulo zodula kwambiri.

Choncho, m'pofunika osmium isotope 1870s. Mu nthawi dongosolo la Mendeleev a mtengo kwambiri chitsulo chabwinocho lili pa nambala 76. Mfundo ndi yakuti Osmium isotope - chovuta zinthu zonse imachitika anthu. Zosaneneka, koma osalimba a chitsulo wofanana 22,62 g / CC. Osmium osiyana khalidwe Fungo lamphamvu lamankhwala fungo ndi siliva. Chifukwa makhalidwe thupi ndi mankhwala a chitsulo ntchito makampani nyukiliya kupanga zodzikongoletsera asatayike.

Komabe ndikudabwa chimene ndi zitsulo zodula kwambiri panokha ndife silingakhale kuona. Chinthu ndi lero, msika wa zitsulo akakhala pa 1 galamu Osmium kulipira oposa 200 zikwi. Madola. Woyamba boma amagulitsa Osmium anali Kazakhstan, umene 2004 akufuna kuti tidziwe za mtengo wa $ 10 000. Kupatula Kazakhstan, palibe ku dziko amapereka osmium isotopes, chifukwa njira ya ulimi ndi ntchito lodabwitsa. Zitsulo akamagwira calcining limafotokoza za pulatinamu pa kutentha wa 900-1000 ° C.

Theoretically kwambiri mtengo zitsulo - California 252. Pamene cha 2010, mtengo wa 1 galamu ya California anakwana madola 6.5 miliyoni. Komabe, nkhokwe dziko la zitsulo izi ndi ochepa magalamu, ndi mayiko awiri okha (Russia ndi USA) kubala za 20-40 micrograms pa chaka. The thupi katundu wa California ndife oposa chidwi: ga 1 yekha akhoza zimatulutsa neutrons 2 miliyoni pa mphindi. Zikomo kuti maonekedwe awa, chitsulo ntchito zochizira zotupa zilonda mankhwala, monga gwero kufika ambiri neutrons.

Wina zitsulo wolemekezeka ndi pulatinamu. Ndipo ngati iye sakutchula dzina la "zitsulo kwambiri mtengo," gawo la mtengo wapatali 5 ambiri. Ngati tiyang'ana pa mbiriyakale, pulatinamu ncho kale mu zaka 12-14, mafuko amene ankakhala Andes. Kwa anthu a ku Ulaya, iye kale anali m'zaka 16-17th. Kukula kwa malo pulatinamu lero zikugwira m'mayiko 5: USA, Russia, China, South Africa ndi Zimbabwe.

Nthawi zambiri kubala pulatinamu ndalama, koma mosiyana golide ndi siliva, pulatinamu anayamba timbewu awo ndi posachedwapa.

Zitsulo wakhala bwinobwino ntchito kupanga mankhwala luso, mano ndi laser. Iwo kubisa thupi la sitima zankhondo kuti adziteteze dzimbiri.

The pulatinamu zodzikongoletsera makampani alinso ndi wamtengo wapatali.

Monga wa January 1, 2013, mtengo pafupifupi 1 galamu ya pulatinamu ndi za $ 70. Waukulu malonda msika wakhala Japan, koma lero kanjedza molimba analanda China.

Mwa njira, chaka chilichonse dziko makampani zodzikongoletsera amadya matani oposa 50 pulatinamu, ndipo China chimachititsa pafupifupi 50% ya malonda onse.