Kodi mungasankhe bwanji chovala choyenera?

Pafupifupi aliyense amene ali ndi chofufumitsa kapena nyundo m'manja mwake amadziwa chomwe kusala kudya kuli. Tsatanetsatane iyi ndi yoyenera kwa chinthu chilichonse chachitsulo, chimene chimakupatsani kugwirizanitsa magawo awiri pamodzi. Mu mndandanda waukuluwu muli zikuluzikulu, zikuluzikulu, mabotolo, anchos, mtedza, washers ndi zipangizo zambiri zambiri. Zonsezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani.

Chilichonse chogwiritsira ntchito ndi gulu limodzi kapena lina: zomanga, mipando, sitimayo, magalimoto kapena ntchito zambiri. Njira iliyonse ili ndi magawo ake enieni. Zolemba zomangamanga zosiyana kwambiri. Izi zimaphatikizapo mabotolo, zikopa, ma washers ... mwachidziwitso, zonse zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito pamene tisonkhanitsa sitolo kapena tebulo lathu ndi manja athu.

Ma hardware onse ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zina. Pali ziwerengero zazikulu zosiyana, kumene zizindikiro za kugwiritsira ntchito zikuwonetsedwa. GOST 27017-86 ikufotokoza mitundu ndi mayina a mitundu yonse ya hardware. Ndiyeno mankhwala aliwonse ali ndi muyezo wake womwe, umene umasonyeza zofunikira zonse.

Chinthu chilichonse chogwiritsira ntchito hardware chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo. Zitha kukhala zamkuwa, zitsulo kapena zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Ngati kuli kotheka, chophimba chowonjezera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza chitsulo ku kutupa. Koma zitsulo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanda chitetezo chotsatira. Kawirikawiri mumatha kuwona zikuluzikulu kapena zikuluzikulu zakuda - zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ponyidwa kapena zophimba. Chokongola ndichakusala, chomwe chakhala chophimba zinc.

Zida zonse zomangamanga zingagawidwe m'magulu angapo. Ganizirani aliyense payekha.

Zowonongeka kwa miyala

Gululi limaphatikizapo mitundu yonse ya zikuluzikulu, mabotolo, maphuthu, mtedza ndi mayere. Zimatumikira mwachindunji kuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito . Kupangidwa kwa fasteners kumapereka makalata a kunja kwa ulusi pa screw kapena bolt ku kudula mkati kwa mtedza. Chifukwa cha kukula kulikonse pali mnzake. Wosakaniza amathandiza kukonza screed kuwonjezera.

Yambani kumangirira

Izi zikuphatikizapo zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtundu wapamwamba. Kukonzekera kotereku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene kuli koyenera kukonza moyenera nyumba yomanga, mwachitsanzo mawindo kapena masitepe. Nangula ili ndi zinthu ziwiri. Mbali yofunika kwambiri ndi spacer. Ndi iye, kusintha kuchokera ku katundu, kukulolani kuti muzisunga zonse. Malo osiyana ndi anchor mankhwala. Kukonzekera kotereku kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito poika masitepe. Zachokera pa kudzaza voids ndi chigawo chovuta.

Zowonongeka kwa Dowel

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakoma pamene kuli koyenera kupachika chinthu cholemera. Mu dzenje lokonzekera, choyamba lowetsani chingwecho, kenaka pukuthani piritsi. Zimakhala ngati zolimba zowonongeka. Masiku ano mapiritsi amapangidwa (nthawi zambiri) kuchokera ku pulasitiki kapena zinthu zina zofanana.

Zojambula zokha

Chogwiritsira ntchitochi chikusiyana ndi zikuluzikulu ndi zokopa popanga ulusi, zomwe zimakulolani kudula ulusi mkati. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga. Ipezeka pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipangizo. Maso a nkhuni kapena gypsum sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki kapena zitsulo.

Zojambula

Iwo ali ndi ndondomeko yomweyo yofanana ndi zojambula zokha, koma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazowonjezereka. Ndodo ndi theka yosakanizika, yopangidwa ndi chitsulo cholimba.

Kupitiliza

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azikhala nawo nthawi zonse. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera osiyanasiyana, popanga mipando komanso ngakhale mu sitimayi.

All fasteners ali ndi magulu awo omwe amapambana. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito poweruza pomwe mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. Mu maonekedwe, zikopa, mabotolo, zikopa ndi zikuluzikulu zimakhala zofanana. Amakhala ndi mutu wosiyana ndi ndodo yomwe ulusiyo uli wojambulapo. Mphuno ndi mapeto ake omwe ali ndi mapeto ake, pogwiritsira ntchito zomwe zatchulidwazo zimapangidwira. Mutu wa mutu ukhoza kukhala wamagetsi, apansi, ophatikizana, ozungulira, obisika kapena ochepa. Pofuna kuwombera pamutu, splines yapadera imadulidwa mwa mawonekedwe a mtanda kapena mzere. Nthawi zina, pofuna kutetezedwa kwina, malo osakhala ofanana amapangidwa omwe amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera.