Kodi limaphunzitsa ife Peter Pan?

Zaka zingapo zapitazo, zamaganizo Rosalind Ridley kuyendera mnzake mwangozi "Nkhani ya Peter Pan" ndi James Metyu Barri. WERENGANI Zopatsa lowoneka la Peter, Rosalind Ridley anazindikira kuti nkhani izi si nkhani ana a za fairies ndi kuyankhula nyama pansi pa chivundikiro cha Zopatsa Chidwi cha Peter Pena Barri kubisa luntha modabwitsa zozama za chikumbumtima anthu, ubongo ndi chitukuko ana.

Iyi ndi nkhani zochititsa chidwi za mmene tonse timaphunzira kuganiza. Choncho, zimene amatiuza nkhani za Zopatsa wa mnyamata amene sanafune kukula?

phunziro

Rosalind Ridley lofalitsidwa ndi chidwi kuphunzira latsopano chifukwa ozama kufotokoza zimene Barry anthu kutsitsimuka, maganizo, kukumbukira maloto, ndi maloto.

Ridley ananena kuti ambiri mwa Zopatsa a Peter kuloza ku ziphunzitso sayansi kuti anaonekera makumi pambuyo kufalitsa nkhani.

nkhani

Barry anafotokozedwa koyamba Peter Pan pamene iye anali adakali mwana, nchifukwa chake nkhani za Zopatsa a Peter kuonetsa nambala yaikulu makhalidwe kunja, chifukwa panatenga zaka zambiri pamaso nkhani anaonekera natenga mawonekedwe.

khalidwe woyamba anaonekera mu 1902 mu buku Barry "Tommy ndi Grisel", kenako m'buku la ana "White mbalame" anaonekera Mnyamata wina dzina lake Peter, yemwe sindinkafuna kukula. The mbali yaikulu Peter Pan anakhala kusewera "Peter Pan", n'kukolowekakoloweka mu 1904. Zochokera kusewera ndi Barry analemba nkhani wotchedwa "Peter ndi Wendy" imene inafalitsidwa mu 1911.

amadza

Nthawi imeneyi, Barry anali kale bwino anazindikira wolemba, onsewo mabwalo wanzeru chikhalidwe. Kulumikizana uku analola Barry kumuyandikira ena a kanjedza kutsogolera mabuku, luso ndiponso sayansi.

Novelist Genri Dzheyms wa m'nthawi ya Barry, anayambitsa iye m'bale wake William James - American zamaganizo, ndi kusiyana ndi njira zake nzeru. womdziwa izi, mwina anatumikira pansi monga lachonde kwa kulima zinthu zovuta za chikumbumtima wolemba ndi tulo.

Science ndi mabuku ana

Choncho, Zopatsa a Peter Pan akupitiriza miyambo ya chidwi mabuku XIX-XX zaka - mtundu wa osakaniza a sayansi ndi luso, makamaka mabuku a ana.

Charlz Kingsli, woyambitsa "Ana a Water", analemba nthano wake mchikakamizo cha Darwin kwa zinthu, pamene "Alice mu ochititsa chidwi" ndi phunziro zodabwitsa za masamu ndi mfundo zomveka. Ngakhale ena Hans Mkhristu Andersen anauziridwa sayansi ndi luso zinthu zatsopano, monga mwachitsanzo maso Kutulukira.

Ridley ananena kuti Barry sikuti "anabwereka" maganizo a anthu ena, komanso kwambiri kukodzedwa kupereka chake mozama kumvetsa. Zambiri fano wapadera wa chikumbu anthu akuimira mu nkhani za Peter Pan, maziko wonyenga kuonerera Barry kwa anthu, nyama ndi mwini.

Kugona ndi Memory

Munthu akhoza kungowauzira kuyang'ana pa umodzi mwa zithunzi choyamba mu Zopatsa a Peter ndi Wendy, "Akazi Wokondedwa woyamba ndinamva wa Petro pamene iye anaika kuti maganizo a ana awo. Izi mwambo usiku uliwonse mayi wabwino. Chikadzangotha ana akugona, Chilombocho zinthu kuti m'maganizo mwawo wosakhazikika mmawa zonse zinali m'malo mwake. The mwana n'kudzuka m'mawa, ndipo maganizo onse zoipa zake, ndipo pranks mwaukhondo odzaza ndi zobisika kwinakwake kwambiri, pamene zolondola, malingaliro wokongola, kukonza ndi anaweramuka, bodza pamaso Woonekera. "

Rosalind Ridley ananena kuti ndimeyi mwangwiro umaonetsa ubale wa tulo tatikulu, ndipo ntchito kukumbukira.

Choyamba anaonekera mu m'ma XIX, lingaliro ili tsopano ndi nkhani ya maphunziro ambiri sayansi. ubongo jambulani akagona kusonyeza kayendedwe ka "yoweyula pang'onopang'ono" wa chizindikiro magetsi pakati pa hippocampus - chigawo nawo mapangidwe pamtima, ndi kotekisi latsopano kapena neocortex, amene ali ndi udindo kwa nthawi yaitali kukumbukira.

Akagona, ubongo wathu njira kukumbukira, ngati kuluka chinthu chachilendo wabweza masana, ndi achikulire. Tikhoza kunena kuti ndi maloto kulenga chithunzi zinayendera amene amapanga moyo wa munthu.

Monga Akazi Wokondedwa aisadza pansi pa chifuwa pranks achibwana, mnjira utatha ndi zomverera zosasangalatsa ndi zokumana anapeza pa tsikulo. Limatithandiza kuvutika maganizo. N'zosadabwitsa kuti kugona matenda akatswiri amaganizira matenda okhudza ubongo.

Gipnagogiya

Komanso, Zopatsa lowoneka la Peter ndi Vendi Barri limafotokoza mkhalidwe wapakati pakati pa kugona ndi maso.

Ambiri mwa Zopatsa wa atchulidwa udzachitika ku Neverland - pa chilumba wosangalatsa ana akhoza anafika kudzera m'maganizo, ndipo ndi zovuta kusamalira mu kochepa pakati pa kugona ndi akudzuka.

Anthu zithunzi zachilendo kwa chikomokere kuti ndife m'mphepete mwa tulo, tsopano lotchedwa "kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo hypnagogic", ndipo ndizo zotsatira za nyamuka lakuthwa ntchito m'madera ubongo amene amachititsa zowonera deta analandira kuchokera ku ziwalo imalandira. Nthawi zambiri, mafano awa ndi masomphenya, koma akhoza kukhala chogwirika ndipo Makutu.

Barry mwini anavutika tulo ziwalo - boma m'maŵa, akubwera yomweyo pambuyo tulo, imene Komabe, anthu sangathe kusuntha kwa kanthawi. Barry zambiri anafotokoza zosasangalatsa, wopondereza pamaso lokhuthala lolepheretsa anthu kupuma wopanda mawonekedwe misa.

njira zovuta ganizo

Mu dziko sayansi, Barry m'nthawi ankachita wina wa nyengo kwambiri zovuta ndi zokondweretsa za mtsutso: kodi pali kusiyana pakati pa maganizo a munthu maganizo nyama? Kodi khalidwe la maganizo athu kuti ife pamwamba pa kusanduka, ndi mmene makhalidwe amenewa yapangidwa?

N'zosadabwitsa kuti nkhani zimenezi zikugwirizananso ndi Zopatsa a Peter Pan.

Barry akufuna kuyankha mafunso amenewa amapezeka mu buku la 1906, "Peter Pan mu Kensington Gardens", amene amafotokoza za moyo wa Petro, asanaphedwe Wendy.

M'menemo tikuuzidwa kuti khalidwe la Solomo - ndi modabwitsa wochenjera khwangwala. Mosiyana ndi zinyama zina, Solomo anatha kukonza tsogolo, zagotavlivaya thumba la chakudya - mtedza, nyenyeswa ndi crusts mkate, mtundu wa "tsiku mvula". Izi ndi mwachilungamo zovuta maganizo ndondomeko, chifukwa pamafunika kuzipeleka mwa zitsanzo umboni, kuchotsedwa pano.

Kusiyana Solomo ndi mbalame zina tingathe kuwaona bwino pa nthawi imene Peter akufunsa kuti akuthandizeni kumanga chombo kuti akhoza kuwoloka nyanja. Solomon msanga amaona kuti chombo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati kagawo ndi, topaka dongo, momwemo kuti si kutayikira madzi. mbalame ena anazunguzika: iwo simungathe kulingalira ndi ntchito ngati zachilendo a chisa.

Anthu ndi nyama

Choncho, tikuona kuti kuganiza za m'tsogolo kumalimbitsa makhalidwe athu, kutithandiza kukhala kulenga ndi kusintha kuti azolowere msanga vuto latsopano.

M'njira imeneyi kwa nthawi yaitali zimachitika yekha anthu amene ankakhulupirira kuti ngakhale ana iye palibe. Komabe, kafukufuku wa posachedwapa zinaonetsa kuti luso zasonyezedwa nyama zina - anyani ndi, oddly mokwanira, anthu a mtundu Corvus, ndiko kuti, Makwangwala.

Apanso, malingaliro Barry anali patsogolo nthawi yawo.

malingaliro mwanayo

Ndipotu ina chidwi n'chakuti mnyamata amene akukana kukula, Petulo mwachangu kumenyana ndi ntchito maluso ndi nzeru za ubongo umene kusiyanitsa wamkulu.

Ndi pafupifupi kwathunthu opanda mantha ndi chidaliro chakuti imfa - ndi ulendo wina. The maganizo anasonyeza, ndi ophweka, koma mantha, makamaka kuopa zosadziwika ziri mtsogolo - ndi maganizo zovuta, chimene chimafuna ndalama lalikulu mphamvu ndi okhudzidwa m'madera osiyana ubongo.

Komanso Peter zovuta kumvetsa mfundo wina wa maganizo osiyana kwambiri pa ntchito zake ndi kukhala zolakwika. luso onsewa ndi kuganizira njira nawo, pali anthu mu ndondomeko ya kukula, ndi chifukwa Peter akukana kukula, iye anali mosatsata ena "wamkulu" luso.