Kodi basi PCI?

Trends mu chitukuko cha makompyuta ndi zoonekeratu - ndi kugwirizana, zosabvuta mafakitale (yafupika pamwamba) ndi kaphatikizidwe zipangizo angapo mu phukusi limodzi. Palibe zodabwitsa mu chakuti ambiri owerenga masiku ano, oyamba sakudziwa nkomwe chomwe basi PCI. Amene anapeza nthawi ya mapangidwe makompyuta IBM-n'zogwirizana pamaziko a 286, 386 ndi zina zotero. Mapurosesa, mosakaika, kumbukirani kuchuluka kwa matayala zosiyanasiyana ndi polumikizira hardware ntchito makompyuta a nthawi imeneyo. Izi wotchuka 8-bit basi YES, ndiye anamalizidwa VLB (kudziwika monga VESA), PCI basi, wodzipereka cholumikizira kwa Intel mapulogalamu modemu, AGP, ndi zina zotero. Ndipo iwo onse, kupatulapo zina zinali zofunika. Koma tsopano pa mavabodi chodabwitsa "umphawi" - yekha basi wina PCI Express Koma osiyana revisions ndi manambala osiyanasiyana mizere chizindikiro. Kalanga, kulipira yogwirizanitsa zimenezi, tingati weniweni, m'pofunika wosuta mapeto. Ndipotu, ngakhale zilipo Mwachitsanzo, apamwamba phokoso khadi, umene ndi PCI-chipangizo, ndi chabe kwina kulikonse chikugwirizana (adaputala azamagetsi wovuta mulibe kuwerenga), ndipo ndi kugula Baibulo kwa tayala osiyana kapena zambiri zambiri, pitani pa momasuka olephera, Integrated njira. Zilinso amatikumbutsa nkhani ya "moumiriza" kutengerapo onse AGP kuti PCI-E.

Kodi kotero wotchuka basi PCI? Mbiri yake kunayamba 1991, pamene zikamera wa zipatso purosesa Pentium kalasi, zinadziwika kuti wamba 8-bit YES sangathe kupereka mlingo zolandirika mogwirizana kwa zigawo zonse pamodzi. Kumbukirani kuti pa nthawiyo panali osati DMI, kapena Hyper Transport, ndi kugwirizana zigawo zikuluzikulu pa mavabodi anali ikuchitika kudzera basi dongosolo. Ngakhale zoyesayesa zasintha circumvent malamulo a YES, mwachitsanzo, ndipo panali basi VESA, koma chifukwa zinthu zimene iwo sapulumuka.

Mu 1992, Intel PCI basi anadziwana ndi Baibulo 1.0 pa lamulo lotseguka. wotchi ake pafupipafupi ndi wamkulu pa nthawi 33 MHz (zomwe pafupipafupi makulitsidwe wosalira CPU), malingana ndi kukhazikitsa hardware, thandizo 32 kapena 64 Tinthu (poyerekeza ndi 8-bit YES). Deta mizere voteji anali 5 ndi 3.3, ndi bandiwifi anali 133 MB. Ndipo Chofunika, wakhala amathandiza pulagi & Play (jumper kutali!).

panali bwino Baibulo la 2.0 mu 1993.

The PCI basi wakhala anatchuka padziko lonse kuyambira 1995 (buku 2.1). Malinga kukhazikitsa pafupipafupi anali 66 MHz. Pamene ntchito 64 pang'ono zosinthika anakwanitsa mu izi 533MB tayala kutengerapo. Windows 95 anabwera kupulumutsa, potsiriza, kuti athe kuonetsetsa ntchito zolondola zipangizo PCI ndi pulagi & luso Play. Signal mizere kulola kusuntha kwa 5V kuti 3.3V

Lotsatira iwo anamasulidwa younikanso 2.2 - 3,0. Cholumikizira mu Baibulo 2.2 ndi "chinsinsi" kuti midadada kuika zipangizo atakwatirana voteji. Ndime akupitiriza 2.3 kuti 3.3 V, kotero ntchito makina onga Mabaibulo kwa 2.1 (5) zotsatira mu kuwonongeka kwa makadi ndi zina tayala. Mu 3,0 Baibulo 5 V salinso ntchito.

Mu 1997, PCI anali pawiri monga chomwecho Intel AGP basi wamasulidwa kwa video, omwe sakanakhoza kufika kuthekera kwathuthu kwawo pa PCI lapansi.

Tsopano PCI basi, monga poyamba ananena, pafupifupi konse ntchito, m'malo mwa m'malo ake - PCI Express. Mapulogalamu akulankhula limagwirira ali yemweyo, koma kukhazikitsa thupi lasintha kwambiri. chiwerengero cha akuwauza, pafupipafupi opaleshoni ndi kuchuluka lasinthidwa (pamodzi ndi kucheperachepera panopa). Njira configuring ndi nkhani initiators (zipangizo chikugwirizana) ndi zinasintha, kulola yabwino kwambiri kusamalira zopempha zawo basi.

Mwa njira, pa ena motherboards akadali zotheka kuti akakomane cholumikizira PCI basi. Komabe, thandizo wochokera chipset ndi purosesa ali sindikuyankhula - mu kukhazikitsa ili njira amagwiritsa Chip wapadera ndi mlatho lambiri zopempha kwa PCI PCI Express.