Kodi adjectives ndi mafanizo fanizoli, mwini?

Pofuna kulemba mutu kapena kuti owala, catchy ndi limaonetseratu, olemba ntchito njira zina zaluso, wotchedwa njira miyambo ndi mafanizo. Zikuphatikizapo: mophiphiritsira, epithet, mwini, okokomeza, kufanizira, zophiphiritsa, periphrasis, ndi mafanizo ena kulankhula zimene mawu kapena palemba mophiphiritsa, kupanga izi zonse kwambiri limaonetseratu.

Kenako tidzaphunzira kusiyanitsa tinjira ta zosiyanasiyana ndi njira ntchito zawo.

ndi adjectives Kodi ndi mafanizo

The kaŵirikaŵiri nawo mu chinenero mabuku pogwiritsa ntchito mawu ndi adjectives ndi mafanizo.

Mawu "epithet" mu Greek wayikidwa kuti "ntchito". Ndiko dzina la kale mafotokozedwe alili la - tanthauzo la zomwe ndi momveka bwino amadziwika kuti zinthu zodabwitsazi. Mbali amene anasonyeza epithet, kuti agwirizane chinthu anafotokoza, izo likugwirizana maganizo ake ndipo ngakhale semantically.

Mu zilankhulo ndi lexicography pali konse chiphunzitso ambiri amavomereza kufotokoza zimene achipongwe ndi mafanizo. Kawirikawiri kulankhula za mitundu itatu ya adjectives:

• The chinenero - amene ali amphamvu, kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulankhula zolembalemba kulankhulana (siliva mame, kuzizira, etc ...);
• wowerengeka ndakatulo - ntchito mu ntchito wowerengeka (lupus namwali mawu wokoma zabwino anzathu, etc ...);
• munthu wolemba - analengedwa ndi olemba ntchito zolembalemba (futlyarnoy tiganizira (A. P. Chehov), maso scratchy (Gorky)).

Mafanizo, mosiyana ndi achipongwe wa - si mawu, koma kumasonyezanso kuti ntchito mophiphiritsa. Mafanizo amasankhidwa pamaziko a kufanana kapena, Tikawonetsetsa kusiyana zodabwitsa kapena zinthu.

Kodi ndi pamene fanizo ndi ntchito

More, zimene adjectives ndi mafanizo ndi zimene kusiyana awo, Tingathe kuona kudziwa kuti chofunika ntchito yotsirizira ndi m'maganizo awo, luso zachilendo chifukwa mayanjano maganizo ndi kuthandiza atchule zinazake kapena chodabwitsa.

Pano pali chitsanzo cha kufotokoza zophiphiritsira chabe kwa nyenyezi nkhaniyo "Zitatu" Gorky: "Milky Way siliva nsalu anayala kudutsa mlengalenga kuchokera kumalekezero kwa wina - kuyang'ana pa iye, mu nthambi za mtengo unali wosangalatsa ndi chisoni."

Kugwiritsa Chinsinsi ndi, anataya ntchito kawirikawiri m'maganizo ake ndi maganizo machulukitsidwe mafanizo akhoza kuchepetsa ubwino wa ntchito kapena mawu analankhula.

No zochepa oopsa ndipo kungakhale kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa mafanizo. Ife tiri mu Zikatero kukhala poponya maluwa ndi kukongoletsa, chifukwa lingathetsedwe ndi maganizo ake.

Kodi kusiyanitsa fanizo ndi adjective

Ntchito ndi zina kovuta kusiyanitsa zomwe Mathotho wolemba ntchito. Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera nthawi zambiri kuti timvetse kufanana kwake, zimene adjectives ndi mafanizo.

Otsimikiza njira yabwino, ozikidwa pa kufanizira ndi, kusintha mfundo m'chifanizo, m'chikhalidwe chake, "Morning kuseka mawindo. maso ake - mdima agates ".

Chomwecho epithet - ndi imodzi mwa milandu mafanizo, n'kosavuta kunena - tanthauzo luso ( "ofunda mkaka analamula achisanu ozizira nyenyezi").

Kuchokera pa zimene takambiranazi, ndi kale zotheka kuti amvetsetse chimene chili mafanizo, epithet, yemwe ndi kuwapeza mu zotsatirazi: "Zakhala kuoneka ngati singano yaitali ankathamanga ndi mokondwera buluu, ku mitambo mkulu chimbuuzi, akutsikira ..." (Ivan Bunin, "The Little chikondi ").

Zikuonekeratu kuti pali akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mafanizo (madontho anaulukira masingano yaitali), ndi adjectives (kuchokera ku mitambo wautsi) ndi yemwe (kusangalala buluu).

Umunthu - mafanizo, zophiphiritsa wapadera

Nanga mophiphiritsira, epithet, yosonyeza? Izi, monga mukudziwa, amatanthauza maganizo kulankhulana kwa chodabwitsa kapena chinthu, mtundu wa mitundu chosiyana kulola kupanga kulembedwa kapena kunenedwa omveka ndi wosaiwalika.

Ndipo zino tingaone mwini - kudutsa wapadera, ndi kale pachibwenzi ku luso wowerengeka. Kutengera - n'chimodzimodzi kuti yophiphiritsa ndi, kulanda katundu wa anthu pa zochitika kapena zinthu zamoyo.

Pa ntchito za kutsanzira, namanga mmodzi wa pafupi m'nthano Mitundu - ndi nthano.

Mosiyana tropes monga mafanizo, epithet, fanizoli, mwini - izo ndi ndalama kwambiri phwando. Kuwagwiritsa, safuna nkhani ya mutu, ndi okwanira kuyerekeza ndi chinachake kale kuti chifukwa kucheza zofunika: "Kodi achisoni yokutidwa dilapidated udzu pa nthaka mimba ingrown hatenki kumidzi opanda minda osauka, opanda minda wamba" (JS Sokolov-Mikita, "Ana").

Kuti tikayerekezera ngati

N'zosatheka kulingalira ntchito wopanda fanizo, kufanizira za chinthu chinachake, mafanizo mwambo wina ndi mzake, kuwapangitsa zolondola kwambiri, momveka bwino anafotokoza ndipo nthawi yomweyo kusonyeza maganizo ake kwa iwo.

Zapamwamba za mabuku Russian mwaluso katswiri luso ntchito achipongwe, mafanizo mafanizo: "Mu buluu, lili ndi nyenyezi yowala kumwamba veleveti wakuda dongosolo masamba anali ofanana ndi munthu wina manja ndikuyesetsa kumwamba pofuna kukwaniritsa pamwamba ake" (limakhulupirira Gorky, "Zitatu" ).

milandu yovuta kudziwa kufanana

Nthawi zina tafotokozazi njira limaonetseratu - kufanana - ndi kovuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa milandu imene chiweruzo kungogwiritsa ntchito mawu ndi mabungwe "mmene", "bwanji ngati" ndipo "ngati", koma ntchito zina.

Apanso - achipongwe, ndi mafanizo, ndi ena njira zimene zingathandize kuti akatidzadza, "penti", anati. Choncho, chiweruzo "Taona momwe iye anayenda pang'onopang'ono kwa nkhalango," palibe poyerekeza, pali mgwirizano, kulumikiza mbali ya chiweruzo zovuta. pempholo ndi "Ife anatuluka mu kulowera kumene kunali mdima ndi kuzizira ngati m'chipinda chapansi" (Bunin) kuyerekezera zolaula (ozizira monga m'chipinda chapansi a).

Njira kuyerekezera mawu

Ndipo pa nkhani ya mafanizo, epithet, fanizoli, mwini ndiyenera kuthana ndi aliyense njira, yochulukirapo pang'ono pa kufanana.

Iwo anasonyeza m'njira zambiri:

• .. Kugwiritsa kusintha mawu akuti "mmene", "molondola," "monga," etc. ( "Tsitsi lake litapotanitsidwa monga nandolo tinyanga");
• poyerekeza digiri adjective kapena adverb ( "chinenero akuthwa lumo");
• ablative nauni ( "mu mtima wa Nightingale ndi anaimba chikondi");
• ndipo lexically (ntchito mawu akuti "ngati", "ofanana" ndi zina. d.).

okokomeza Kodi

Kugwiritsa ntchito tropes monga fanizo la, epithet, fanizoli, okokomeza ndi yapadera koposa, wapamwamba mfundo. Olemba ambiri mosavuta ntchito njira imeneyi: "Iye impassive ndithu, ena mwala, dzimbiri nkhope."

Pakuti njira hyperbolic akhoza zimachitika zimphona chadzaoneni, ndipo Thumbelina, ndi Mphale ndi chala chachikulu, kukhala nthano. Ndipo mu epics okokomeza - lingaliro singasiyanitsidwe: Silushka ngwazi nthawi zonse wokwera, ndipo mdani - owawa ndi zosawerengeka.

Ngakhale kulankhula tsiku ndi tsiku angapezeke okokomeza: "Ife sitinamuwone mzake kwa zaka chikwi" Kapena "anakhetsa nyanja misozi."

Fanizo epithet poyerekeza hyperbola ndipo nthawi zambiri ntchito limodzi, kupanga kufanizitsa hyperbolic kapena kutengera ndi mafanizo ( "inagwa mvula olimba khoma").

luso logwiritsa ntchito tinjira ta adzapanga zolankhula zanu zooneka ndi kowala

Pa nthawi ina ngakhale V. G. Belinsky ankanena kuti kulankhula bwino ndi kulankhula bwino - si chinthu chomwecho. Ndipotu, ngakhale irreproachable ku mawonedwe a galamala, zingakhale zovuta kumvetsa.

Ndipo kuchokera pamwamba, inu mwina kale kumvetsa zomwe mafanizo, epithet, mwini wake, ndi kuti mukudziwa momwe ntchito njira izi ndi zofunika kwambiri. Kudzakuthandizani ndi lomwelo woganiza kuwerenga zapamwamba - monga zikhoza kuonedwa ngati ntchito muyezo wa onse imapeza stylistic chinenero Russian.

Timagwira mizere Gogol akuti: "... Mawu ngati maluwa, monga wachifundo, yowutsa mudyo ndi kowala ...", amene akonzedwa ka luso zikutanthauza wolemba ali anakwanitsa bwino kusonyeza kuganiza za mawu. Ndipo kumbukirani, kuti mafanizo, okokomeza epithet - zipangizo kuti ottochat zolankhula zanu ndiponso Choncho, tiyenera kuwagwiritsa ntchito!