Khokhloma kupenta: kujambula pang'onopang'ono. Kodi kuphunzira kudzatunga "Khokhloma"

Ngati mumakonda kuchita needlework ndipo akufuna kuphunzira njira zatsopano za luso, kuwerenga nkhani pa tani kudzatunga Khokhlov. Yesetsani kachikumbutso ndi manja anu. Njira yosavuta - kudula thabwa. Kophweka, chifukwa fano lonse amachitidwa pa lathyathyathya pamwamba. pang'onopang'ono zojambula nsonga chingatithandize mphatso yochokera mu kalembedwe dzanja zopangidwa.

Mitundu ya handicrafts ndi kupenta

Russian m'mphepete olemera ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga malo ake ndi miyambo ndi. M'madera ambiri, ngakhale ali chilankhulo chake. Zonsezi Athandizanso chikhalidwe ndi luso zilandiridwenso kulikonse m'dziko lathu. Kwa nthawi yaitali ife anayamba zimasiyanasiyana mwambo wa luso wowerengeka. Yotchuka kwambiri ndi zotsatirazi:

• Dymkovo, Filimonovskaya, Bogorodskaya chidole;
• Gzhel ziwiya zadothi;
• Vologda ndi Vyatka zingwe;
• Tula samovars;
• Rostov enamel;
• Mstiora, Fedoskino, Palekh kakang'ono ;
• Zhostov trays;
• Gorodetsky, Khokhloma kupenta.

Aliyense wa iwo ndi chosiyana kwambiri ndi wapadera, koma iwo onse kusonyeza chikhalidwe ndi uzimu wa anthu Russian.

Kodi kusankha

Ngati mukuchita needlework ndipo anaganiza zochitapo kanthu kuti zolinga za anthu, ndi bwino yosayenera Khokhloma kupenta. Phased zojambula kungathandize kwambiri atsogolere ndondomeko ya kulenga kachikumbutso. Kusankha njira imeneyi chifukwa chakuti Pankhaniyi n'zosavuta kupeza maziko matabwa kwa zokongoletsa sikutanthauza zida chipangizo, zipangizo zonse zilipo ndipo yotchipa.

Kodi katunduyo chokongoletsedwa ndi Khokhloma kupenta

Anatinso kalembedwe kucita bzidabwiso zinthu aliyense m'banja kuti amapangidwa nkhuni:

• spoons;
• kukaikira mazira zidole;
• trays;
• mbale;
• caskets;
• zifuwa;
• kegs;
• mabokosi;
• kupota gudumu;
• amangomvera ndipo Knobs;
• Miphika;
• kudula ndi matabwa kukongoletsa.

Mu Baibulo ano, pamene chidwi mu wowerengeka amajambulapo maluwa okongola Russian si mkulu, Khokhloma kupenta nthawi zina pamalo zosowa kwambiri:

• nsalu (kwa zofunda, mwachitsanzo);
• misomali;
• makiyi;
• zoyatsira;
• chophimba ndi foni kapena kope;
• thupi (mphini ndi luso thupi);
• magalimoto (airbrush);
• matumba (pepala ndi pulasitiki).

Choncho, kukongoletsa Khokhloma kupenta tsopano akhoza kukhala iliyonse chinthu.

pepala Zitsanzo

Ngati ndinu watsopano mu ntchito imeneyi ndipo ukuyamba kumene kuphunzira ndizosowa kujambula Khokhloma kupenta, zabwino mchitidwe pa pepala yachibadwa zojambula. Monga masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kuukitsa manja, kusankha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu losavuta: zipatso, masamba.

Zonse n'zochokera magulu ena a burashi lapansi. Ngakhale ngati inu kupitiriza kugwira ntchito pa yomalizidwa pensulo autilaini, mabwalo ndi mapini ayenera kukhala yosalala. Kuti bwino nthawi.

Ngati mukufuna kuphunzira tani kudzatunga khokhlomu mwana, ndi bwino kuphunzira kwa iwo, apanso, njira pa pepala. Yofanana kokoka mawonekedwe a masamba ndi zipatso mwamsanga ana zoterozo, kotero kupereka kusonyeza wozungulira thireyi, mbale, mbale kapena supuni. Kutiumba wa chinthu inuyo ndi ana anu mwayi azikongoletsa phunziro.

Phunzirani kudzatunga khokhlomu

Mlandu ntchito pa pepala pa aliyense kutenga mosiyanasiyana nthawi. Izo zimatengera mukumumvetsera olimba. Ngati muli ndi luso koyamba, inu mwamsanga kuphunzira mmene angachitire magawo, zipatso ndi swirls. Mukadziŵa kujambula zinthu Khokhloma kupenta, akhoza chitani kamangidwe ka zinthu zenizeni. Choyamba, sankhani mtundu zazing'ono bwino ndi lathyathyathya pamwamba. Zinthu zotsatirazi nzofanana:

• thireyi;
• tebulo;
• mpando;
• nsalu;
• mungaimitse foni kapena laputopu;
• kudula thabwa.

Njira yamasika oyenera amene samaona chikhulupiriro mu nzeru zawo. Zokongoletsa mipando adzatenga kwambiri za nthawi. Mwambo ntchito pamwamba, monga silika, pulasitiki thupi kwa mphini osakhalitsa, amafuna inks wapadera. Kudula thabwa - lalikulu mphatso mwina, okongola ndi zinchito. Kophweka zokwanira.

Kudula thabwa utoto mu masiteji

Kuti pancake wanu woyamba anabadwa bwino, muyenera kuganizira pasadakhale onse. Taganizirani kukonzekera.

kugula zipangizo

Sankhani maziko abwino. mawonekedwe kungakhale chonse, amakona anayi, lalikulu, zovuta, chosema. Ndi bwino ngati bolodi ndi dzenje kukangamira pa msomali kapena mbedza. Yesani kugwiritsa ntchito plywood kapena matabwa Popanda kuchitapo kanthu. Ntchito pamwamba chitsanzo ayenera kukhala yosalala, popanda zamkati, notches ndi burrs. Chophweka njira kugula mu sitolo kwa needlework Mkhalidwe maziko. Ngati zimenezi sizingatheke, koma pali wokonzeka-kakulidwe bolodi, mmene tiyenera kuchitira pamwamba ndi sandpaper. Ngati inu simutero, ndiye kujambula monyanyira onse kukhala. Iwo akhoza kusokoneza maganizo a zojambula ndipo kusokoneza chithunzicho.

Kusankha chitsanzo

Sankhani bwino chokongoletsera cholinga. Ziribe kanthu chomwe icho yosavuta kapena zovuta Khokhloma wanu kupenta. Phased zojambula aliyense mchitidwe akuimira chinthu chilichonse pa osakaniza timitengo, masamba ndi zipatso kuti yekha mbalame paradaiso. Ndikofunikira kuchita zonse mbali kuchokera ku zocholoŵana. Popeza kupezeka makompyuta, aliyense angapeze fano anakhumba pa intaneti, kusindikiza izo Mwachitsanzo, pa filimu, ndi kusamutsa maphunziro pa maziko matabwa. Limbikirani choko mzere padziko anamaliza. Komabe, mu nkhani iyi, inu mukhoza wosalira ntchito yanu yopanga stencils ochepa kutsanzira zinthu.

Kodi kutenga mtundu

Muyenera utoto oyenera pamwamba matabwa. Losavuta ndi yotsika mtengo njira ndi gouache. Komabe, zilibe kupanga madzi pamwamba pambuyo kuyanika. M'pofunika kuwonjezera PVA zomatira, kota buku la pigment, koma si mtundu amalabadira zimenezi m'mafakitale. Ndi bwino kuti pachiswe izo, koma kuphimba chotsirizidwa ndi varnish mandala nkhuni. Izi kuteteza fano kwa chinyezi komanso zinthu zina chokhwima. Njira ina - ntchito utoto akiliriki. Iwo madzi kugonjetsedwa ndi yabwino nkhuni. Komanso, pambuyo atayanika wosanjikiza izi kuchokera pamwamba ungagwiritsidwe ngakhale gouache. Izi zikutanthauza kuti maziko wakuda tingachite ndi akiliriki, ndi chitsanzo - gouache.

Kugula maburashi ochepa ndi nsonga woonda. Oyenera gologolo, mizati ndi manambala kupanga ku woyamba ndi apamwamba. chiwerengero ndi kukula zimadalira zojambula zanu. Woonda burashi mukufuna, Mulimonsemo, ndi pazipita kukula mukhoza kudziwa zowoneka malingana ndi chithunzi anakonza.

Kuyamba

Ndiye iye Akutsutsana Khokhloma kupenta. Phased zojambula chiri motere:

1. Choyamba chivundikiro pamwamba maziko mtundu wa chitsanzo anasankha - wakuda kapena golide akiliriki, mwachitsanzo. Ngati chitsanzo ali pafupifupi padziko lonse, ndi maziko pafupifupi palibe kupenta angathe kuchitidwa mu mzere umodzi, popanda precoating maziko. Ndiponso, mukhoza Pre-primed nkhuni dzira woyera.

2. Pambuyo atayanika maziko osindikizira kapena freehand mzere chokongoletsera ntchito. Ngati muli ndi chidaliro mu luso lawo ndi pepala chitsanzo lagona pamaso panu, ndipo sangathe kukopedwa contours ndi kuchita zonse mwakamodzi ndi burashi.

3. Chotsatira - kukhazikitsa kamangidwe. N'koyenera kupereka wa machenjerero. Choyamba chimake - kujambula chitsanzo malinga mayunitsi ndi compositional Mwachitsanzo, ku mbali yaikulu ku sekondale. njira ina - pogwiritsa ndi mtundu: choyamba, zinthu zonse wofiira, ndiye golide, ndiye wobiriwira. Mukhozanso sankhani ndondomeko ntchito makulidwe osiyanasiyana maburashi, ndiye poyamba kwambiri kuchita madera ambiri, ndiye pakati ndipo potsiriza akusiyanitsa woonda zabwino zokongoletsa.

4. Pambuyo kuyanika, kuphimba ndi varnish mandala, ngati n'koyenera. Great kachikumbutso wokonzeka.

Inu mukudziwa mwatsatanetsatane zimene Khokhloma kupenta. Pang'onopang'ono zojambula padziko iliyonse chinthu adzachititsa mu mwaluso kwenikweni. Phunzirani, kuchita, raduyte okha, achibale ndi anzake a mphatso wokongola m'nyumba.