Kambarsk Zomangamanga, Udmurtia

Kambarsk Yomanga Zomangamanga (KMZ) ndi mtsogoleri wa Russia pakupanga zipangizo zazing'ono za sitimayo. Maulendo a dizeli, magaleta, magalimoto, zida zachitsulo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabizinesi ambiri, peat ndi kudula mitengo, mineral deposits. KMZ imapanganso kukonzanso ndalama ndi kukonzanso zida zopapatiza ndi zofiira, zimapereka mbali zopangira ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu kwa iwo (makina oyendetsera makina, makhadi, mapepala, nsapato, mapepala, magetsi).

Mbiri yakale

Chitsulo Chomanga Makambask ndi chimodzi mwa mabungwe akale kwambiri mumzindawu. Icho chinakhazikitsidwa ndi banja lotchuka la anthu ogwira ntchito - Demidovs. M'zaka za zana la XVIII m'mizinda ya Urals, makampani opanga migodi ndi metallurgical analikukula mofulumira. Mtsinje wa Kama, nkhalango zazikulu za m'nkhalango ndi mtsinje wa Kambarka, zoyenera kumanga dziwe, zinakondweretsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mbewu pano.

Mu 1760, Demidov analoledwa kumanga fakitale ya smelting pamtsinje wa Kambarka kuti agwiritse ntchito zitsulo komanso mphero ya saw saw for wooding sawwood. Kukolola kwa chomera cha Kambarsk chinafika mu nthawi ya 1774-1796 mpaka pafupifupi 60,000 zida zachitsulo pachaka. Pofika m'chaka cha 1830, zokolola zinawonjezeka kufika pa matope 100,000 (1,600 matani) pachaka. Mu chomera cha Kambarsk panali anthu 3711.

Kumapeto kwa zaka

Pambuyo pa chisinthiko mu 1919, chomera cha Kambarsk Machine chinayamba kupanga magalimoto ndipo adatchedwa "Kambar State Plant Plant". Mu 1933, Chomera cha Kambarskoye Foundry ndi Mechanical Plant cha People's Commissariat wa USSR chinakhazikitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito fakitale yomwe idapanga zitsulo komanso sukulu ya FZU.

Makampani opanga ntchito yopanga sitima komanso katundu wochepetsetsa wa malonda a nkhalango. Anapanga makina a mahatchi opangira mahatchi, mapepala asanu ndi atatu a matabwa okhala ndi matabwa, zitsulo zopangira zitsulo, makina opangira macheka, mapuloteni okhwima, maunyolo a alloy ndi zinthu zina. Mu 1936, Kambarka inasandulika kukhala mudzi wogwira ntchito, ndipo pa July 4, 1945 - kulowa mumzinda wothandizidwa. Zomera zoposa 80 peresenti ya chomeracho chinayambira kutsogolo.

Kupititsa patsogolo nkhondo kunkhondo

Nkhondoyo itatha, KMZ inapanga magalimoto okwera pamahatchi, mapepala apamwamba a tani 10, mapepala, sitima zapamtunda. Mu 1950, chomeracho chinali ndi mapulawa, mapuloteni, mapepala oyendetsa galimoto, magalimoto oyendetsa galimoto komanso katundu, makina omanga komanso njira zogwirira ntchito, zida zowonongeka, zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga.

Mu 1956 chochitika chachikulu chinachitika - Kambarsk Machine-Building Plant anapanga DM-54 yoyamba. Kuyambira nthawi ino, nthawi ya malonda ikuwerengedwa ngati woyendetsa galimoto. Mu 1959, fakitaleyo inayamba kukhala ndi zida zazing'ono za TU2M.

Ntchito 60

Mu 1960, malo oyambirira ogwiritsira ntchito dizilo TU4 okhala ndi mphamvu ya malita 250 anapangidwa. Ndi. Ndi hydrotransmission. Ulendo umenewu unasintha kayendedwe kakang'ono kakang'ono. Mu 1961-1972 makampani opanga dizilo opitirira 3210 anapangidwa. Ngakhale kuti ali ndi zaka zambiri, nyumba ya TU4 imakhala yamtundu wamba, yopindula pakati pa antchito oyendetsa katundu pofuna kutchuka kwambiri.

Mu 1964, kuyendetsa sitima zapamtunda TU5 ndi 300 litala. Ndi. Ndi hydrotransmission. Patadutsa zaka zitatu (chaka cha 200), KMZ kwa nthawi yoyamba inatuluka ndi zipangizo zogulitsa kunja, ndipo katundu woyamba wa ma TU5E adakwaniritsidwa ndi a Vietnamese akulimbana ndi ku America.

Pofuna kubwezeretsa maulendo a DM-54, TMU-61 ndi MD54-4 omwe sanagwiritsidwe ntchito m'chaka cha 1964, kupanga magetsi a dizilo TU6A kunali kovuta, ndipo mu 1982 mkhalidwe wake wapamwamba - TU8 wokhala ndi malita 180 anapangidwa. Ndi. Ndikutumiza mawotchi. Chiwerengero cha malo osungira katundu chinaphwanya zolemba zonse - 4555 zidutswa.

Ndi chizindikiro cha khalidwe

Mu 1970, malo ogwira ntchito za dizilo TU7 adalengedwa, ndipo mu 1985 TU7A mukusinthika kwa matani 20 ndi 24 kuti chiwerengero cha 750, 1000 ndi 1067 mm chikhalepo. Kutumiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya TU7E kunaperekedwa ndipo tsopano ikugwira ntchito ku Vietnam, Cuba, Bulgaria, Mali, Czech Republic, Guinea. Makina a mtundu umenewu amapangidwa kuti azikhala ndi mayunitsi opitirira 3300.

Mu 1980, gulu la KMZ loyamba linapanga ndi kupanga chiwonetsero cha tGM40 yosiyanasiyana ya dizilo. Pakalipano, pafupifupi maunite 1000 apangidwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzochi, adayambitsa tchimanga TGM40S. Mwa njira, mu 1983 nyumba ya TGM40 yotchedwa locomotive ku International Leipzig Fair inalandira Medal Gold. Iyi ndiyo ndondomeko yokha ya golidi yokongola ya Leipzig m'nyumba yomanga nyumba ya dizeli.

Mu 1993, malinga ndi dongosolo lapaderadera, magalimoto anayi a TU9 HPP adamangidwa kuti agwire ntchito mobisa pomanga Irganayskaya HPP ku Dagestan. Mu 1995, galimoto AM3 inalengedwa, mothandizidwa kwa nthawi yoyamba m'dziko la Utumiki wa Sitimayo. Mu 1997, kachiwiri kwa nthawi yoyamba, zolemba zogulitsa kunja kwa namsongole zinapangidwa.

Tsiku la Lero

Kambarsk Yomanga Zomangamanga imakhalabe mtsogoleri pakupanga kayendedwe kakang'ono ka 750 mm ndi 1067 mm. Pokhala chinthu chodabwitsa pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, KMZ ili ndi zipangizo zamakono zamapaki komanso zipangizo zamakono, antchito oyenerera kwambiri.

KMZ ndi kampani yogwirizana. Mkulu wamkulu Alexander Biryukov ali ndi mtengo wolamulira. Choncho, ndi chidwi ndi chitukuko cha ntchito. Ogwira ntchito kumalima amatha kupanga maulamuliro akuluakulu ndi apadera pa zomangamanga:

• Otchuka;
• Mafoni;
• Zipangizo zapadera;
• Sungani makina kuti mukhale ochepa.

Komanso KMZ ili ndi maziko osonkhanitsira magetsi a mafakitale a mafakitale okhala ndi 400 hp. Ndipo matenda ozindikiritsa opectoscopic pa sitima yapansi panthaka. Kunyada kwa mbewuyi ndi okondedwa a ma dizilo TU10, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalumikizidwe a m'mphepete mwa makilomita pamagulu akuluakulu ndi ana a njanji.

Ntchitoyi ndi yokonza tauni ndipo ili pamtunda wa Mtsinje wa Kambarka ku Kama. Adilesi ya fakitale: 427950, Udmurtia, Kambarka, Sovetskaya street, 23.