Kakombo wa mzigwa (Red Book). Kakombo wa mzigwa - Photo

A yaikulu zosiyanasiyana zomera zambiri amalenga maganizo olakwika a zomera sizidzatha pa dziko. Komabe, siziri choncho. The Mipikisano faceted ndi mabuku zochita za anthu m'mafakitale zosiyanasiyana kwambiri mwachindunji ndi kungasokoneze mbewu zotsalira zazomera dzikoli. N'chifukwa chake zomera kutetezedwa ndi anthu ambiri anzeru - anthu.

The Red Book of Russia

The Red Book of Russia inafalitsidwa mu 1988 ndipo kuyambira pamenepo masamba ake mowirikiza kudzadza ndi mayina atsopano mitundu ya nyama ndi zomera. Ndi zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri, koma, mwatsoka, mosalephera. Ngati inu kupereka tanthauzo yeniyeni, amamvedwa ndi Red buku kusindikizidwa buku buku, masamba a zimene zalembedwa zomera ndi nyama kukuteteza boma monga pangozi (pangozi), osowa kapena kale zinatha (zinatha).

Pali i zina imeneyo ndi zomera kuti kutchulidwa Red Book.

1. Analowa mu bukhu kukhala yekha zina, yaing'ono zomera (kuderako kapena mitundu uzkoendemichnye) mu Russia.
2. Apitambo mitundu ya mbewu zofunika kuti posachedwapa amagwa pansi kuopseza ikutha pamene anthu opanda pake.
3. Buku wolembedwa subspecies mosamala osiyana ndi mitundu ya zomera (Kakombo wa Mchigwa pa muyezo izi zidalembedwa Red Book).
4. mmera analowa pamasamba pokhapokha mosamala ndiponso mobwerezabwereza kutsimikiza njira mawunikidwe komanso mwadongosolo.

Choncho, Russian Red Book ya zomera (komanso nyama) - chikalata chachikulu chimene chimangirira nkhani, kupereka mitundu ya chisamaliro ndi kuwateteza kudzera malamulo.

Zomera zimene zalembedwa monga pangozi

Pakali pano, Red Book aikidwa oposa 550 mitundu ya zomera za thupi magulu osiyanasiyana, mabanja ndi mitundu. Ambiri deta zotsatirazi:

• gymnosperms - 11 mitundu;
• zomera maluwa (angiosperms) - 440 mitundu (kuphatikizapo zomera ku Red Book of kakombo wa mzigwa);
• spore zomera apamwamba - 36 mitundu;
• spore lichens m'munsi - 29 mitundu;
• oimira ufumu wa bowa - 17 mitundu.

Kumene, kanjedza ndi mantha ndi zosasangalatsa. Ngati akupitiriza monga chonchi, dziko lathu waxen zotsalira zazomera osauka. dziko, kuti izi ndi kuyankhula za Russia. Kuyang'ana mapu a dziko, n'zosavuta kuonetsetsa kuti Russia ndi mbali zofunika kwambiri pa izo.

Pakati pa kukongola ndi otchuka maluwa onse mumaikonda, amene kulemba nyimbo komanso nthano, omwe akutipatsa kuti ukwati mkwati ndi osiririka, ndi wodziwika ndi:

• Violet incised;
• yellow madzi kakombo;
• Lilium Martagon;
• belu dolomite;
• yellow Iris;
• chabwino-Ndalankhula peony ;
• zomera ku Red Book kakombo Keyske.

More amasiya pa kakombo wa mzigwa, chifukwa mozungulira iwo kutchulidwa Red Book of kuyenda kwambiri ya nkhani za moyenera muyeso.

Zifukwa kakombo chipinda Red Book

Kutalikirana kwa mitundu ndi mofulumira amuleka anali zifukwa masamba a buku anaonekera kakombo wa mzigwa. The Red Book of kutetezedwa izi chomera wofatsa ndi wokongola kwa anthu amene mukungofuna kukatenga nokha maluwa wokondeka masika. Komabe, zilibe kuthandiza.

Malinga kakombo atsopano chigwa akhala amachotsedwa mndandanda umene uli Red Book of Russia. Zomera (maluwa) ankaona anthu amene kale anabwezeretsa mphamvu zawo kwa nthawi imene amatetezedwa ndi salinso alonjezedwa ikutha. Only m'madera ena yeniyeni ya dziko, iwo ali pansi pa chitetezero cha boma.

Mwina izi ziri choncho. Koma kuyang'ana pa unyinji wa wosakhwima bouquets woonda ndi awa onunkhira ndi zabwino maluwa zazing'ono zimene mwankhanza wagwetsa ndipo anagulitsidwa mitolo, aliyense nyengo maluwa ndi kukhulupirira kuti izi ndi zosiyana pa mndandanda kalekale. Mwina mulibe kuchita zimenezo? Anthu amavutika kufotokoza mmene osalimba ndi osatetezeka chomera kakombo wa mzigwa. The Red Book wakhala pa milomo aliyense, aliyense wa sukulu ankadziwa kuti simungathe kugwetsera maluwa chigwa, chifukwa iwo ali m'gulu la izo. Ndipo tsopano? Tsopano, ufulu kupeza, umene uli yabwino ndithudi sadzati.

Kakombo wa Mchigwa: kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe

Pali samangobwera ndi maina awa kakang'ono maluwa woyera onunkhira! Ena mwa iwo ndi monga:

• Keyske kakombo wa mzigwa;
• kakombo wa mzigwa;
• wamng'ono;
• sheti;
• zikuoneka;
• wakuda cohosh;
• diso udzu;
• makutu Bunny;
• Tsiku May kakombo;
• Mytnaya udzu;
• backache;
• Mary mabelu ndi ena.

Mu maonekedwe akufanana ndi maluwa kakombo wamng'ono, pamodzi inflorescence mabelu zoyera. Chomera iyoyomwe awiri lanceolate masamba lalikulu akutulukira kuchokera rhizomes ndi mobisa. Pakati pa mapepala anakoka muvi, omwe anasonkhana maluwa. Zomera ndi osatha, akafika msinkhu wa 30-35 cm. Limamasula m'chaka, kotero nyimbo zambiri, m'Chiarabu, ndakatulo maluwa imakhudzana ndi masika, ndi chitsitsimutso cha chilengedwe.

M'dera la yogawa

Pakuti kukula kwa kakombo wa mzigwa zotsatirazi zinthu nyengo ndi zofunika:

• osati dzuwa malo (ku nkhalango, kumene kunachita mdima wa mitengo);
• amtengo lonyowa nthaka;
• otsika zokwanira maluwa mitundu kutentha.

kakombo maluwa nyengo imagwera pa mapeto a April ndipo May, pamene mpweya sanayambebe kutenthetsa kutentha m'ma chilimwe. Choncho, sangathe adzatchedwa thermophilic maluwa. The chiŵerengero cha chinyezi si nkhawa kwambiri, komanso dzuwa. Undemanding ndi omvera osatha - kakombo wa mzigwa. The Red Book muli zofunika pa malo olemekezeka kukula. Iwo ali motere:

1. Caucasus.
2. North America.
3. Crimea.
4. Mbali European la Russia.
5. Russia.
6. La kum'mawa kwa Siberia.
7. West Siberia.
8. Nkhalango ndi m'nkhalango steppe wa Europe.

Kakombo wa Mchigwa ali m'gulu pangozi pa zifukwa kale kudziwika kwa ife. Pali mungapeze ikulongosola za mikhalidwe imene amalima mbewu. Izi zili choncho makamaka nkhalango m'mphepete mabanki a mitsinje, nkhalango glades, tchire, maluwa nthawi zina zigwa chigumula kukumana.

magwero

anachita pamene kakombo? Red buku pankhaniyi anati kuti chikhalidwe ndi yokongola chomera chakhala anatsimikiza 1525. Komabe, nthano za kakombo wa mzigwa ndi zambiri mizu wakale.

maluwa ili banja kakombo ndi ukufanizidwa ndi mtundu umodzi chikukhudza zitatu (Gawo lino unayamba mu 2013, pamaso kuti sanali kusiyana mitundu):

• kakombo wa mzigwa;
• Keyske kakombo wa mzigwa;
• Kakombo wa Mchigwa phiri.

kusiyana konse morphological pakati pa mitundu ali zonyozeka kuti nthumwi ya aliyense wa iwo sangathe kuwasiyanitsa Chrixitu. Monga Red Book of Russia, Kakombo wa Mchigwa zomera Keyske ndipo kakombo wa mzigwa ali pachiopsezo, kotero iwo m'gulu izo.

Kakombo wa Mchigwa mu nthano za

Pali nthano zambiri wokongola kugwirizana ndi mitundu awa:

nthano Chiyukireniya

Mtsikana wina wokongola kuyembekezera wokonda ake kuti abwerere ku nkhondo. Koma iye sanabwerere, ndipo misozi kuwawa, kulira imfa yake. Pa malo pomwe waponya teardrops ngale, ndi maluwa a m'chigwa anaonekera.

nthano German

Maluwa chigwa - mkanda, amene anabalalika Chipale. Achoka mu nyali yaing'ono ndi kuyatsa njira usiku ndi gnome pang'ono.

Ancient Scandinavia nthano

Kakombo wa Mchigwa - duwa wopatulika dzina la mulungu wa dzuwa. Iye ankawapembedza wake kupereka nsembe kwa milungu, ndi ulemu wake anakonza madyerero wokongola wowerengeka ndi zikondwerero.

nthano Russian

Mfumukazi Volkhov, yemwe amakhala pansi pa mdima ndi nyanja ozizira, anagwa mchikondi ndi wokongola swashbuckling Sadko, mwaluso kusamalira zeze. Koma chikondi unrequited, chifukwa Sadko chikondi yosavuta Russian mtsikana Lubawa. Tsiku lina Mfumukazi Volkhov anafika kumtunda ndipo anapita kukayenda mwa nkhalango kumvera masewero pa zeze wa wokonda ake, koma m'malo anaona okonda osangalala: Sadko ndi Lubawa. The kalonga nalira ndi kuwawa mtima kwa unrequited chikondi, mkwiyo ndi kunyada. Asanayambe nagwa pansi, inasanduka maluwa wokondeka yowawitsa - maluwa a m'chigwa. Kuyambira pamenepo, iwo akhala chizindikiro cha chikhulupiriro, chiyero, silinasinthidwe ndiponso wosachimwa.

Pali zikhulupiriro zina akunena za kumene linachokera kakombo wa mzigwa. Red Book sanatchule iwo, kunena yekha kuti deta mbiri.

zigawo yeniyeni mkati chomera

Taonani zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe limapangidwa kakombo. Red Book limasonyeza maonekedwe a matabwa ake, monga mmera ankaona chakupha. Si ntchito kudyetsa mbalame, koma nyama ambiri amakhala okonzeka ntchito wokongola yowala lalanje yofiira zipatso monga njira majeremusi mkati.

Ambiri mwa zili zoweta mu maluwa Kakombo wa Mchigwa wotanganidwa ndi mafuta zofunikira. Ponena za zikuchokera chigawo cha umatheka ndi masamba, ndi za 30 glycosides ndi alkaloids, ndi lapadera kwambiri amene konvallatoksin ndi konvallatoskol. Ndi zakudya zimenezi ndi zofunika kwambiri mankhwala zolinga kwa anthu.

The ntchito za zomera

Pali mbali zingapo zimene kakombo wa mzigwa ntchito. The Red Book amatilongosolera ife bwino maonekedwe a m'madera amenewa motere:

1. Kukongoletsa dera mu chuma anthu.
2. Medicine.
3. Pet chakudya.
4. Mafuta zodzoladzola.

chakuti mmera ntchito mu kukongola, n'chofunikira. Munthu akhoza kungowauzira kuyang'ana maluwa a m'chigwa. Photo limasonyeza bwanji ndi wokongola, zaukhondo ndi wokondeka maluwa woyera.

Makampani mafutawo amagwiritsa mafuta kofunika kuti amapanga mbewu kwa kupanga zonunkhira, Zikavutitsitsa ankangomwa de A toilette, onunkhiritsa ndi mankhwala ophera fungo loipa.

amachiritsa matenda

Mu mankhwala, kakombo wa mzigwa ndi zogwirizana komanso. Red Book Kumasulira kwa chizindikiro ichi akupereka: zigawo linalake kakombo wa mzigwa mtima ogwira madontho, ntchito kwambiri kapena zolakwika kungachititse kuti mavuto aakulu kwambiri.

Mu 1881, monga mankhwala zomera m'mabuku zogwirizana polima kakombo wa mzigwa. The Book Red komanso chifukwa chimenechi monga duwa. Asayansi Zelenin anali olekanitsidwa Tingafinye kungafooketse minofu mtima kuphipha. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito tincture wa kakombo wa mzigwa ndi mtima akutsikira.