Ilya Kabakov: zithunzi ndi mafotokozedwe. Wojambula Kabakov Ilya Iosifovich

Good kukhala ndi luso wotsutsa m'nyengo ya Internet ndi nicknames umboni - palibe wina adziwa dzina woona, simungathe Apewe nokha, chifukwa zonse ndi omveka bwino ndiponso yomveka - iwo ali grabbers onse ndi Mahaki! Apa Mwachitsanzo, conceptualist Ilya Kabakov. Zojambula, zithunzi, makhazikitsidwe - zinthu zina musati muziyang'anira chirichonse mu dziko, ndipo pali mamilioni - zonse bwino!

Koma ena connoisseurs ayenera kusangalatsa akulimbana wake wa mawu, ndipo ndi bwino kupeza chionetsero cha mbuye. Ndipo ngati inu mutayang'ana maso kwenikweni lotseguka, mukhoza kuona zodabwitsa, zopanda malire mdziko, zonse nthabwala ndi Izitu n'zovutitsa, ndi kulira ululu kwa anthu amene anali ndi tikukhala m'dziko lino zovuta kuzimvetsa ...

zaka 14 phunziro

Koma choyamba, panali ntchito nthawi yaitali kuphunzira. Kabakov Ilya Iosifovich anabadwa mu 1933, ku Dnipropetrovsk, mu makaniko banja ndi yowerengera. Pa nthawi ya nkhondo, iye ndi mayi ake anali Samarkand, kumene iye anasamutsidwa kuchoka Leningrad Institute dzina la Repin. ndinu ana a sukulu pa anayambitsa chomwecho ndipo anayamba kuphunzira Ilya. Nkhondo itatha, Kabakov unasamutsidwira Moscow Art School, kumene sukulu mu 1951 ndipo ndinalembetsa yabwino luso yunivesite ya dziko - Institute Surikov, dipatimenti zithunzi. Iye anasankha amakhazikika pa luso buku Professor Dehtereva.

Masiku ano chokumbukira Mbuye zonse wodzilamulira Izitu n'zovutitsa ndi CINYENGO angapezeke maganizo ake osasamala maphunziro ake kuti kalembera wa mabuku ana, iye anatenga pambuyo sukuluyi mu 1957. Iye akuitana iwo njira yokha kupanga njira ang'onoang'ono amene iye anapereka gawo laling'ono la nthawi ndi khama. Sindikizani mankhwala ana anali makamaka zinapatsira ndi clichés maganizo ndi mbalume, choncho ayenera kuti chinachake chidwi kunali kosatheka.

Ikuwoneka yosavuta kwa chinyengo: khalidwe la kusindikiza nyumba ya mabuku "Ana Literature", "Murzilka" magazini "Kupita Kokasangalala" ambiri timakumbukira chimwemwe, osati chifukwa cha zaka kusungulumwa. Ilya Kabakov - wojambula amene analenga mafanizo kwa ndakatulo Marshak, nkhani Sharlya Perro, nkhani ya Peter Pan. Mu izi zikuoneka sanali maphunziro ntchito kuoneka bwino ufulu, m'maganizo ndi kuganiza. chidwi kwambiri kapangidwe ka mabuku sayansi ndi maphunziro ana: "The zodabwitsa za mtengo" (1960), "Clay ndi manja" (1963), "The nyanja akuyamba kusiya" (1966) E. Mara, "The nthano mpweya" E. Permyak (1960 ), "mfundo lachinyengo" (1966).

Msonkhano pansi pa denga la "Russian"

Popeza malemu 60 ntchentche mu Moscow anapanga anthu aluso sanali conformist lotchedwa "Sretensky Boulevard". Pamafunikanso ndi Ilya Kabakov. Zojambula ubale wochezeka wosiyana kwambiri ndi luso mwalamulo amavomereza.

mwayi kuti tabwera pamodzi anaonekera kwakukulukulu chifukwa Kabakov. Ntchito ofalitsa anabweretsa ndalama zambiri, ndi wojambula anali msonkhano wake. Iye aitana nkhani lachinsinsi la momwe anapeza chipinda pansi padenga la kale nyumba nyumba "Russia" pa Sretensky Boulevard ndi adapangana ndi boma la zida pali situdiyo.

Ntchito Ili Kabakova, Hulot Sooster, Erik Bulatov, Oleg Vasiliev ndi ena anasonyeza mu zisudzo kapena zomveka bwino mu Moscow ndi kunja, woimira zina luso Soviet-nyengo m'firiji pamtunda. Koma zimene akhakula kuti luso umboni ku chachikulu "otsutsa luso" a dziko zinachititsa kuti kupambana kwa zokomera Kuzindikira yekha.

Pamaso pa Kubwera kwa awoawo "ntchito okha" situdiyo ndi mapepala likutipatsa mu kalembedwe expressionism umboni ndi Albums kukula ang'onoang'ono. Kenako iwo anayamba kuoneka mtundu zojambula zikuluzikulu "Mutu ndi mpira" (1965), "The chubu, ndodo mpira ndi Ntchentche" (1966), "Makinawa ndi Chicken" (1966).

Text monga njira zithunzi

Ilya Kabakov, amene zojambula akhala koposa nthanthi subtext, anakhala mmodzi wa atsogoleri a conceptualist. A mndandanda wa "woyera" zojambula za polemba kukula kwake - "Berdyansk akugona" (1970), «A Man ndi Small House» (1970) - akuti za zikhalidwe za maganizo a chithunzi chatsopano cha mogwirizana wowerenga ndi chithunzicho. Movement umenewu ndi zatsopano wojambula ndi oyamba mu danga la chithunzi cha lembalo. Woyamba ntchito - "Kodi iwo" (1970), "Zonse za izo" (1970), "Mayankho gulu experimental" (1970) - ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuchokera moyo weniweni wa Moscow limodzi ndi ndemanga lemba, nthawi zambiri psevdoznachitelnymi parodies malangizo boma kapena malonda.

lemba anagwiritsa ntchito ina Ilya Kabakov. "Maapatimenti" (1981) - chithunzi ndi view chipinda hotelo ndi superimposed chithunzi malonda kuyenda pa pogwiritsa Black Sea.

ntchito cilamulo ndi zoyambitsidwa ndi Kabakov Albums, amene anakhala wotsogolera wa makhazikitsidwe. Izi Albums - maphatikizidwe wa chosema, fanizo, mabuku, zisudzo - anamanga mozungulira zokumana limodzi lathu kapena khalidwe anasonyeza zida zithunzi ndi malemba. Penyetsetsani wa threading pa wina wapamtima wina kapena zochitika captivates tanthauzo. Ndi chidwi kapena chokwanira, kapena yotseguka kapena malangizo a nthawi ndi malo.

Ilya Kabakov - ndi likutipatsa zojambulajambula, Illustrator, typographer. Amenewo ndiwo Albums pafupi anaona ntchito zake. Album wotchuka - "Khumi Ofotokozedwa" (1970-74).

Nkhondo ndi Mtendere limodzi

Social zinthu m'nthawi ya Soviet Union - chinthu chachikulu kuphunzira zojambula Kabakov. Nkhawa zotsatira za ulamuliro wa mfundo imodzi kunaonekera ntchito monga "Adafikapo" (1981) ndi "golosale" (1981). Nkhondo ya oyandikana nawo mpweya limodzi ndi malo zina - mutu wa "zhekovskih" nyimbo "zinyalala Kuchotsa" (1980), "Sunday Night" (1980). The "khitchini wakuti" wa nthawi yomweyo wa ziwiya alipidwa khitchini amanenedwa ndi mtundu wa mtengo wapatali luso tanthauzo chikhalidwe, nthawi zambiri wosiyana magwiridwe.

Mwanjira imeneyi, ndipo anadzazidwa ndi zinyalala yachibadwa banja mu unsembe wotsatira "Munthu amene konse anaponya chilichonse" (1985). Iwo Tingaone ndi nkhani lonse tanthauzo la zochitika za anthu, chizolowezi cha yosungirako wakulungama wa zofunika ndi zosafunika kapena, Tikawonetsetsa mbiri younikanso kuti agwirizane zapitazi zosowa za ndale masiku ano.

okwana unsembe

Mu 1987, Kabakov Ilya Iosifovich anasamuka ku West. Apa iye afika mwayi waukulu danga chionetsero. "Total unsembe" - otchedwa Ilya Kabakov zojambula ndi zinthu, zomwe zatenga malo chachikulu ndi ogwirizana ndi wamba dongosolo lonse.

Wotchuka kwambiri kuika "Munthu anatera danga ku nyumba kwake," kwakukulukulu chophiphiritsa cha tsogolo la chithunzicho. Pakati pa chipinda chaching'ono ndi makoma okutidwa ndi zithunzi za Union, analimbitsa chinachake chonga legeni a. A yopuma denga, ndemanga ndi chipinda kufotokoza monga powonekera - onse akutsimikizira chenicheni cha zochitika zapadera: a wochenjera zatsopano mothandizidwa ndi catapult, kuswa mwa alipo denga ndi thupi lake, analowa pafupi-Earth danga - thupi sanapezeke ...

Kuona malo oterowo monga banter ndi mnyozo machitidwe molondola. Monga mwa unsembe wa "chimbudzi" (1992), imapezeka zlopyhatelskuyu kufanizira anthu chimbudzi monga mmene moyo watsiku ndi tsiku mu dziko lonse. Luso chinthu kugunda omvera makamaka Western yemwe amaona zinsinsi za moyo malo achilengedwe kufunika kwa munthu wabwinobwino.

"Red chooneka" (1991), "The Bridge" (1991), "Moyo wa Ntchentche" (1992), "Tikukhala pano" (1995) - okwana unsembe, zimene zinabweretsa kutchuka Kabakov. Iwo anasonyeza m'mamyuziyamu mu US ndi Europe, ndipo amaphatikiza chionetsero cha "Palace ya Ntchito" (1998, London) ndipo "makhazikitsidwe 50" (2000, Bern) akupereka ntchito Kabakov chodabwitsa chikhalidwe dziko.

mkazi ndi wake Co-wolemba

Kabakov amakonda azikongoletsa moyo CINYENGO. zoyambitsidwa Izi zapangitsa kuti nthawi akutulukira ojambula zithunzi Sharl Rozental, Igor Spivak, Stepan Koshelev. Adafika Kabakov kulenga mgwirizano, zimene iye analemba nkhani kalembedwe luso kosangalatsa.

Kuyambira mu 1989 wojambula ikulowa Co ichi - Emilia Lekakh. Iye anakhala mkazi wake ndi zimatenga pa yankho la mavuto ambiri m'gulu ndalama, kusiya nthawi zambiri mbuye kulenga. Ndipo nkhani zimenezi ndi zambiri, chifukwa chidwi mu ntchito ya Kabakov kukula. Chitsanzo cha zimenezi - ndi yobetcherana Phillips de A Pury & Company. Mu 2007 panali anakoloweka zambiri "Ilya Kabakov. "Maapatimenti". pachithunzipa anagulidwa kwa £ 2 miliyoni, ndipo Kabakov anakhala mtengo kwambiri chi Russian zojambulajambula.

Mu 2008, izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi malonda zonse pa yobetcherana chomwecho. The zambiri lotsatira - "Ilya Kabakov," Bug "(1982)", ndi umboni watsopano - miliyoni 2,93 £.

luso kudabwa

Akuti kofunika ndalama mapaundi - ichi ndi dziko lero. Koma ife tikufuna kupulumuka mu izi, banal sankadziwa kuti chimwemwe si ndalama. Ndi kuli aluso amenewa, ntchito yawo ndi luso. Anthu adzakhala zigwirizana anthu, ndipo si ku nyama mpaka akhoza kudabwa ndi kusangalala luso.