Gaudí: moyo ndi ntchito

Gaudi anabadwa mu 1852, pa June 25. Iye anafa mu 1926, pa June 10. Antoni Gaudí anabadwa mu Reus, mu banja wamba. Mzinda umenewu uli pamtunda 150 kupita ku Barcelona. mwana anabatizidwa mu Reus, mu Cathedral wa St. Peter, tsiku lotsatira. Polemekeza Antonia, mayi ake, tsogolo wamanga Gaudi dzina lake. ntchito yake ndi mwachidule mbiri mudziwe Adzaperekedwa m'nkhani ino.

Antonio ndi wamphamvu kuposa imfa

Makolo akhagopa kuti mwana sadzapulumuka. Zinali kwambiri pakati ndi mayi ake, pobereka - zovuta. Atatsala pang'ono kubadwa kwa makolo Antonio a atamulira kwa ana awiri. Mwanjira, m'banja, ana onse anafa m'banda. mnyamata kamodzi anamva mu kukambirana ndi mwana, dokotala wa makolo awo. Iye ananeneratu imfa chayandikira cha Antonio ambulansi. Komabe, Antonio Gaudi anaganiza kuti apulumuke. Ndipo zinatheka, ngakhale moyo wake wonse adzazunzidwa matenda. Iye anayang'ana zaka 30 wamkulu kuposa kawiri anzawo, yotheratu wachikulire - makumi asanu. Antonio ankadziwa kuti si monga anapulumuka.

Childhood Antonio Gaudi

awisi ndi agogo anali blacksmiths. Mmodzi mwa mayi agogo anali Cooper, ndipo chachiwiri - yapamadzi. Antonio lino unafotokoza luso lake kumva ndikuganiza m'mbali zitatu. Iye akanakhoza maola monga mwana kuonera ngati madzi oyenda monga Mitambo zimatengedwa. Antonio ankafuna kuti adziwe momwe kupanga korona wa masamba, mmene duwa ngati kukukuta mwala madzi, bwanji mtengo kugwera mu mphepo. Ndiye Iye adayandikira msonkhano bambo ake. Iwo amadabwa zinalengedwa tsiku lililonse: muli chonyezimira kuwapeza mapepala lathyathyathya mkuwa. Antonio kuchokera 1863 mpaka 1868 iye anaphunzira ku sukulu, amene anatembenuzidwa ku koleji Katolika. A sukulu, iye sanali. Masamu - chinthu chokha chimene iye anali chizindikiro. Antonio ankakonda chibwana inali kuyandikira. Iye ankakonda pamodzi ndi abwenzi kufufuza amonke dilapidated ozungulira.

Gaudi m'zaka za unyamata wake

Mu 1878 anamaliza Kamangidwe Gaudi ku Barcelona Provincial sukulu.

Mu unyamata wake, Antonio anali wokondedwa ndi zokoma, wokonda zonenepa wakuda silika ndi magolovesi mwana. Iye anali ndi tsitsi lofiira ndi maso a buluu. akazi ambiri kugwa m'chikondi ndi Gaudi, koma iye anali yekha. Iye courted kwa nthawi yaitali Pepetoy nyanja, mphunzitsi, koma iye anayankha kuti ukwati akafunsiridwa anakana, chifukwa ndinali nditamudziwa kale chinkhoswe. Ndiye Gaudi mwachidule anakumana ndi American, koma mkaziyo anabwerera kunyumba, ndi momwe iwo anapita. Antonio anaona kuti imeneyi ndi chizindikiro cha tsogolo: kuyenera kukhala chimodzi. Ndi nsembe kwa cholinga apamwamba.

Kuda Gaudi mu Reus

Ichinso ndi kuyang'ana lero mu Reus limafotokoza za Gaudi. Mudzapeza yekha yofanana mbale ankhomera pa nyumba ofesi, kuti malo amenewa anali kamodzi pa nyumba ... Kodi zinkakhalira mzinda wakale umenewu kuliganizira: za m'derali zinyumba Baroque, Gothic Sant Pere, ndi 40-mita belu nsanja . Master anatha pafupifupi chimodzimodzi kubala mwauzimu staircase belu nsanja pa Cathedral wa Sagrada Familia. chithunzi m'munsimu limasonyeza nyumba yomwe banja moyo Gaudi mu Reus.

Gaudí

Mlembi wa nyumba khumi ndi wamanga Gaudi. Onsewo ali mu Spain: 14 - mu Catalonia lakwawo, 12 wa iwo - mu Barcelona. nthano Zephyr ndi nthano kufikira kwa aliyense wa zolengedwa zimenezi. nyumba yake ndi masamu. Zikuoneka kuti n'zosatheka kumasulira tanthauzo lake zobisika.

Ambiri mapulani malo mzinda wa Barcelona yotentha ndi Gaudi. M'dziko pali zambiri mapulani amene anali ndi limakhudza kwambiri pa maonekedwe a mzinda kapena analenga chinachake chikhalidwe monga yapadera. Gaudi ndi wotchuka Spanish wamanga. ntchito yake chinali heyday wa modernity m'dzikoli. A khalidwe mbali Gaudi kalembedwe ndi zachilengedwe, mawonekedwe organic (nyama, miyala, mitengo, mitambo) zitsulo kwafalikira mapulani kukhumbira wolemba izi. Antonio sanali malo geometrically zonse ndi kumangidwanso. Iye ankakhulupirira kuti mzere wolunjika ndi chipatso cha munthu. Koma bwalo - mbadwa za Mulungu. Antonio Gaudí kulengeza nkhondo pa mzere wolunjika kupanga kalembedwe zawo mosavuta kuzindikira ngakhale ndi anthu kutali zomangamanga ndi.

Gaudi ndi akuluakulu oyang'anira tauni

Ndi choyalutsa anayamba ntchito yake Antonio. 26 wazaka wamanga Gaudi adamfunsa amalipiritsa, amene adali, malinga ndi Barcelona akuluakulu waukulu kwambiri. Masiku ano, Royal Square ali chokongoletsedwa ndi chisoti mapiko a Mercury ndi nyali yaikulu, kulengedwa ndi wazomangamanga kwa oyamba. Koyamba Gaudi oyang'anira tauni kuti anali womaliza. Kuposa kale mphamvu ya Barcelona sanapereke ntchito iliyonse kwa mbuye.

Casa Calvet

20 Patapita zaka wazomangamanga Gaudi anali yekhayo boma mphoto mu mbiri yake - mphoto kwa mzinda Nyumbayi wapakamwa, zomwe iye anachita kwa Calvet banja, nsalu magnates. Osati popanda zazikulu zimenezi zinali kuchitika, koma Casa Calvet, mwachilungamo otsika-kiyi ndi kapangidwe wodzichepetsa Antonio Gaudi.

Casa Vicens

Master kukhulupirira makasitomala payekha. Gaudí (wamanga) ndi nyumba yake achita kuzindikira yofanana. Don Montaner, Mlengi mu 1883, anamulamula kuti chilimwe kunyumba. Wazomangamanga Antonio Gaudi, kufufuza malo oyamba wa zomangamanga m'tsogolo, ali mumzinda anapeza maluwa chikasu atazunguliridwa ndi mitengo yaikulu ya kanjedza. Kupulumutsa ndi zomera, ndi mtengo. Palm masamba udzayesedwa chitsanzo latisi, ndi maluwa zimawoneka pa matailosi akukumana. Iwo amanena kuti kulipira ndingaliro ya Antonio Gaudi, makasitomala pafupifupi anapita kusweka. Lero, Casa Vicens ndi nyumba yaing'ono, monga ngati kuchokera Oriental nthano. Iwo kwambiri unkagunda nyumba oyandikana nawo. Yang'anani uthina yapafupi msewu okha turret. Zasiyidwa khungu lakuda, inu simungakhoze kulowa mkati, chifukwa ndi chuma payekha.

A mumaona pa barselontsev anapanga wamatama kuwonekera koyamba kugulu. Pa Gaudi, Chofunika, panali woyang'anira, dzina lake Don Eusebio Guell. Mwamuna ameneyu anali ndi kukoma wopanda. Iye ankakonda zatsopano yowopsa. Maganizo sanali kukakamiza anthu Guell, yolembedwa popanda kuwaonerera amanenera. Wazomangamanga Antonio Gaudi pang'onopang'ono anakhala mnzawo ndipo wamanga Güell.

Güell Palace

Eusebio kalekale ndinkafuna nyumba othandiza wokongola. ntchito Gaudi kupirira kwakukuru. Wazomangamanga cholizira mu yopapatiza danga (okha 18 22 meters) wokongola nyumba, pa yomweyo amatikumbutsa ndi Venetian yachifumu ndi mzikiti. Interiors wapamwamba zobisika kuseri imvi nsangalabwi wapakamwa wa nyumbayi. Ndalama mpaka kumapeto anapulumutsa: rosewood, nkalati, minyanga ya njovu, fulu chipolopolo. Chimodzi mwa zipinda alimbane ndi mumamera wina - bulugamu. Siliva ndi golide chosema kudenga anapanga ndi masamba. Gaudi anali kuno kwa nthawi yoyamba anatembenukira kwa mapaipi denga potulukira ndi chimneys ataima miyala m'munda.

Park Güell

Gaudi ndi Guell maloto inasanduka munda dazi Mountain. Ankafuna Villa payekha, ili apa ndi kumizidwa mu greenery. Kuzungulira zigawo anakonza pamodzi kukafika kutsogolo kwa ngalande m'mapanga, akasupe, gazebos, msewu, kumsika. The ntchito analephera malonda. 2 Only wa gawo 60 yakhala anagulitsa. Sanafune anthu kukhala kutali malire a mzinda. Barselontsy Today, kumene, kodi naye kusankha malo.

Wothinikizidwa masika akufanana kamangidwe wa paki. Njoka pamwamba pa phazi la kukwera masitepe phompho ndi njira kumulowetsa. Park Guell tsopano - osati chimwemwe kwa maso ndi moyo, komanso zosangalatsa kuwala: anali chifunga milingo apamwamba. Woyera mpweya ndi munda kanjedza ndi lofunikira kwa anthu okhala mu mzinda! Kusambira dziwe ndi chinjoka, njoka - amakonda anyamata zosangalatsa. Ndipo munthu amene akufuna kufika pamwamba, mphotho udzapeza view zazikulu za nyanja ndi Barcelona.

Favorite mwambo akhakhala pa benchi-njoka. Malinga ndi Maulendo a womanga, Gaudi analamula antchito kuchotsa zovala zonse ndi mmene yabwino kwambiri, inu mukhoza kukhala pa wosanjikiza atsopano a matope kuti apeze langwiro mpando mawonekedwe. Only woyamba kuthamanga chitsanzo cha osiyanasiyana chonyezimira zoumbaumba zikuwoneka mwachisawawa. A mndandanda wa manambala, gulu image, zojambula mwachinsinsi, mauthenga encrypted, zizindikiro zodabwitsa, mawu amatsenga ali obalalika pamodzi kutalika lonse la benchi. Pali nkhani zambiri za mmene anthu amene adalikuseyama pa mwadzidzidzi anayamba kusiyanitsa anaima masiku, maina mawu, mapemphero, kulemba ...

moyo Komanso Gaudi

Wazomangamanga zaka 50 sasintha kusungulumwa kwake, likupitirirabe achipembedzo. Antonio anasamukira ku Park Guell wa Barcelona, kuchoka amangokhala ali pikitipikiti mzinda. Anthu ali ndi mantha ndi kulemekezedwa ambuye. Iwo anatseka, eccentric, lakuthwa. Palibe zotsala za panache kale Gaudi. Waukulu chinthu - mayiko: a wopanda mawonekedwe suti, mwambo zopangidwa nsapato mizu zukini. Gaudi complies ndi nsanamira zonse. Chakudya - yaiwisi masamba, mtedza, mafuta, chakudya ndi uchi ndi kasupe madzi.

Iye anati pakati pa ntchito imene ntchito kuyambira tsopano malamulo okha achipembedzo. Ndipo ngati ntchito aboma, okonza choyamba akufunsa chilolezo ntchito imeneyi pa Madonna a Montserrat.

Casa Batllo

Gaudi chaka cha 1904 anatenga kumanganso zazikulu Kasanovasa, nsalu magnate. Nzosadabwitsa kotala imene panali nyumba, anali dzina la "apulo kusagwirizana". Pa chigamba imodzi msewu Gracia kuima anakumbatirana nyumba kwambiri mapulani wotchuka wa Catalonia - ngati perete zokhumba ndi zonena. Ndi bwino kubwera m'mawa, pamene dzuŵa kugwa pa wapakamwa ndi izo ali ndi "mamba nsomba", anatsanulira onse a mitundu. Panalibe ngodya, palibe m'mbali kapena mizere molunjika. Yokhota kumapeto makoma, ngati osadziwika chilombo cha m'nyanja masewero pansi pa khungu, minofu kumalumikiza. Nyumba mafupa wotchedwa nzika za Casa Batllo. Pali chinachake: makonde, mizati ndipo mutu-mafupa - zotsalira za anthu amene akhudzidwa ndi chinjoka chachikulu. Komabe, iwo kale cilango - nsanja mtanda kukwera pamwamba pa denga. Izi St. George ndi woyang'anira woyera wa Catalonia, apambana ndipo anakweza lupanga lake. Msana wa chinjoka anagonjetsedwa ndi yokhota kumapeto serrated lokwera denga la nyumba.

Casa chikats

mphindi khumi kuyenda kwa nyumba - ndipo udzapeza kuti Casa chikats. Gaudi kachiwiri wosweka lonjezo lake: anayamba kupanga lalikulu nyumba nyumba ndi zogwiritsa ntchito onse: garaja, madzi otentha. wamanga anakonza ngakhale kupanga limbikitsa kuti khomo anyantchoche nyumba ifika mwachindunji pa galimoto. Nkhanza zoterezi poyerekeza ndi Casa Batllo misa limakula mwachindunji kuchokera mu nthaka, ngati wamphamvu malambe m'mayiko kuphulika wachikulire kapena pomaliza chiphalaphala, kapena miyala ikuwombedwa, kapena akufa mafupa chombo ...

Ndipo izi barselontsy nyumba kupereka zosiyanasiyana nicknames - "hornet a chisa" "nazale kwa njoka," "chivomezi akuvutika", "ngozi ya sitima" ndipo ena "La Pedrera" (kumasulira - miyala). Anakhala naye. Pa denga - zitsime zosambiramo, kuphatikizaponso masitepe, malo otsetsereka, chimakweza. Tsopano mukhoza kubwereka nyumba La Pedrera. The nyumba ndi momasuka ndi omasuka, koma adzakhala nako kupirira otaya osaleka la alendo ambiri.

Pakuti theka m'zaka za ntchito ikuchitika 75 madongosolo wamanga Gaudi. Photos of zina mwa ntchito zake m'nkhani ino. Nthawi zimachitika pa zomangamanga, ena a iwo ali patsogolo kwambiri charting, koma anali ndondomeko ya namatetule wa. Mmodzi wa iwo - wofuna kutchuka ntchito hotelo ku New York City - 300 mita "Hotel Temple" imene ikuchitika lalikulu Gaudi - wazomangamanga.

Sagrada Familia

Casa chikats - otsiriza chachikulu kuti ndi Gaudi. cholinga chake chenicheni mu 1910 anali Sagrada Familia, kapena - ndi Sagrada Familia. Antonio ngakhale m'manda pano, kakang'ono yopemphereramo mobisa.

Monga moyo onse amene anakhala wamanga Antonio Gaudi, ndi Sagrada Familia Temple ladzala ndi zizindikiro zoonekeratu ndi chobisika. 12 nsanja tadzipereka kwa atumwi. Chizindikiro cha nsembe kwa Mpulumutsi ndi pakati, ndi mtanda. Mkati - amapereka: mzati - Platanus izo makungwa, ganging korona amene amapanga mzikiti. Kudzera Tingaone nyenyezi usiku. nyumbayi udaikidwa kuti analiza belu, ngati chiwalo chachikulu, ndipo mphepo anaimba, kudutsa tizibowo nsanja, ngati nyimboyi ndi. Pali mabenchi olambira 30,000.

Ntchito pa chilengedwe cha kachisi inayamba mu 1882. Kutsogoleredwa ndi mapulani awo oyamba De Vilar ndi Martorell. Gaudí a Sagrada Familia anayamba kapangidwe ndi kumanga mu 1891. Iye anapitiriza dongosolo akalambula, koma ena kusintha.

Temple, malinga ndi Gaudi, amayenera kukhala zophiphiritsa za kubadwa kwa Khristu, imene ikuimiridwa ndi amadzibisa atatu. Khirisimasi anadzipereka kum'mawa, kumwera - Sunday, Western - masautso a Khristu.

kachisi Chithunzi

Wochuluka chosema Mbali nsanja ndi kachisi makonde. prototypes weniweni ndi anthu onse a akuonetsedwa pa wapakamwa ya kubadwa kwa Yesu: mdzukulu wa ntchito - Yesu ali wakhanda, woyang'anira chidakwa - Yudasi wandiweyani goatherd - Pontiyo Pilato, wokongola plasterer - Mfumu Davide. A m'dera zosapatsa wogulitsa anabwereka bulu. Gaudí anapezeka pa zisudzo anatomical, anawombera pulasitala kuponyedwa ndi ana amene anabadwa akufa kwa osalakwa powonekera. kakhumi anawuka ndipo anatsitsanso lililonse chosema, mwala uliwonse pamaso panu adawayimika malo.

nthawi zonse wamanga Gaudi, amene yonena ndi mwachidule anafotokoza, chinthu chopweteka kuganiza kunja, adasandulika, kupanga mmwamba, utoto. N'zosadabwitsa kuti ndondomekoyi ndi wautali. Master mu 1886, iye anati motsimikiza kuti Cathedral kumaliza mu zaka 10, koma kenako ndi zambiri ana awo poyerekeza ndi matchalitchi Zapakati, ndi ikumangidwa kwa zaka zambiri.

kachisi kalembedwe akukumbutsa zingaoneke Gothic. Komabe, izi nthawi yomweyo chifukwa zatsopano. Zokha nyumbayi mu kwayara oimba 1500, komanso kwaya ndi ana (700). kachisi amayenera kukhala malo a Chikatolika. Papa Leo XIII kuyambira pachiyambi anathandiza kumanga.

Ntchito ndi Gaudi

Ngakhale kuti pa zaka 35, anali kugwira ntchito inayake, Gaudí anali amalize 4 Khirisimasi wapakamwa ndi nsanja pa iye. Panopa osati pamene anamaliza kumadzulo mbali ya apse, amene nkhani yaikulu mbali ya nyumba. Yomanga ikupitirira, ndipo tsopano, patatha zaka zoposa 70 pambuyo pa imfa ya Antonio Gaudi. Pang'onopang'ono anamanga spiers (pa moyo wa Antonio anamaliza apo panali mmodzi yekha), wasenza pamakoma ndi zithunzi za alaliki, ndi atumwi, zithunzi za imfa ndi moyo wokonda moyo wodzimana kwa Mpulumutsi. Iwo ankafuna kuti kutsiriza ntchito padziko 2030.

Imfa ya Antonio Gaudi

Mu 1926, June 7, wamanga Antonio Gaudi, amene yonena anali mwachidule anafotokoza, madzulo, pa 17:30, kusiya Sagrada Familia, napita monga mwachizolowezi kuulula madzulo a. Pa tsiku lino, sitima yoyamba unayambitsidwa mu Barcelona. Mu zinali Gaudi. Dalaivala amene Watsitsa sitima ake ananena kuti anagogoda pa Kunkapezekanso aledzera. Gaudí analibe zikalata, anapeza ochepa mtedza, ndi uthenga mu matumba ake. Iye anafa mu malo okhala kwa anthu opanda m'masiku atatu, ndipo anali okuti pamodzi ndi ena mu manda. Only mwangozi mayi wina wachikulire anamuzindikira. Mu chithunzi m'munsimu - maliro Gaudi, chimene chinachitika pa 12 June.

chikumbukiro

Chaka cha 2002 anapatsidwa u Chaka Gaudi. Wazomangamanga Antonio Gaudi ndi ntchito yake udapangitsa chidwi kwambiri lero.

Kwa zaka zoposa 10, akupitiriza kampeni kwa chargeability wa munthu kukhala woyera mtima. Papa, chikuyembekezeka kusaina chikalata mu 2015 za beatification, amene adzakhala wachitatu wa magawo anayi a canonization. Izo zakonzedwa kuti Antonio adzakhala woyera - woyang'anira za mapulani. Mosakayikira, Antonio Gaudi woyeneradi izo. Popeza akanakhoza kutenga chitsanzo, ngakhale kwambiri mapulani. Gaudi ndi chitsanzo cha uzimu ndi namatetule amaphatikiza umunthu wake.