Herta Müller ndipo iye Nobel Prize

Mu 2009, Komiti Nobel chifukwa cha mabuku kupereka mphoto ya ndakatulo German, novelist Herta Müller. Ngati wowerenga Loona za ntchito zake zimadziwika bwino, mu Russia za izo, pang'ono amva. German ndi kubadwa, iye anabadwa mu Romania ndipo ankayendetsa mavuto onse a boma lopondereza la Mlembi General wa m'deralo Communist Party Nicolae Ceausescu. Izi odzipereka kwambiri mabuku ake.

Romania ubwana

Herta Müller anabadwa mu 1953 m'tauni yaing'ono Nitskidorf. Ndi ili mu mbiri Banat dera, wachita kale kugawidwa pakati pa maiko atatuwa - Romania, Hungary ndi Serbia. Yapafupi kuthetsa lalikulu linali mzinda wachitatu waukulu kwambiri Romania, Timişoara.

banja lake a Banat Swabians - dzina wamba anthu Chijeremani m'dera mbiri. Agogo - mlimi ndi wamalonda bambo ake panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri anakagwira ntchito Waffen SS. Mayi Romania anabwera ku boma chikominisi, anatumizidwa ku msasa ku Ukraine chifukwa cha anachokera German. Pitani mwaulere izo zinali zaka zitatu zokha asanabadwe Hertha.

Mu Timisoara Herta Mueller maphunziro anga ku yunivesite Western - Romania yunivesite, anakhazikitsidwa mu 1962. zapaderazi ake anali mabuku German ndipo Romania.

Emigration ku Republic of Germany Federal

Mu 1976, Herta Müller kuyamba moyo wawo ndi ntchito yomasulira ku fakitale thalakitala. Ndi nthawi ya Ceausescu mphamvu kwa zaka ziwiri zokha, ndipo mavuto onse a boma Mukungoyamba kutuluka.

Mu 79th Müller ndi ulova chifukwa zazing'ono, pa nthawi - kukana kugwirizana ndi Romania apolisi, ndi Securitate. Pambuyo Hertha linasokonekera pandekha la German, ntchito ku sukulu ya mkaka, iye anayamba kulemba.

emigration chisankho wopangidwa yekha mu 1987. Pamodzi ndi mwamuna wake, komanso wolemba - Richard Wagner, asamukire ku Germany, mu West Berlin.

buku loyamba

Hertha anayamba kulemba atangomwalira bambo ake. Mu 1979 anamaliza buku "otsika", ongokhala 14 nkhani yaing'ono ogwirizana ndi yaikulu nkhani wamba. Komabe, lofalitsidwa ntchito zinali zaka zitatu kenaka, ndipo kwambiri kupimidwa. Baibulo woyamba zimaikidwa mu 1984 ku Germany West. Pambuyo Hertha wakhala kuyenda kudziko lina, ndipo pamene ali chilolezo kuchoka m'dzikolo, apolisi anayesetsa kuti asamakhulupirire ake, ponena kuti iye ndi nthumwi za Securitate.

msanga zoyenera Banatski ammudzi mu Romania, kumene Herta Müller unakula. Wambiri ya wolemba umafananirako kuti nkhaniyi. Mwatsatanetsatane likusonyeza mfundo zamakhalidwe abwino, zomwe ngati wolemba microcosm lalikulu kuonetsa anthu. buku lake loyamba "otsika" akufa m'mudzi limafotokoza ali mwana pa kaonedwe ka mwana. Mmodzi wa losaiwalika kwambiri ntchito imeneyi amakhala njira croaking achule, zomwe wowerenga ayenera kugwirizana ndi ochepa German. Monga mmodzi wa anthu a buku la: "Aliyense anabweretsa chule pamene anasamukira."

kuzindikira zolembalemba

Mu 90s, iye yogwira m'munda zolembalemba. Mu 1992 makope buku, wodziwika mu Russian likumasuliridwa kuti "nkhandwe Ndiyeno panali mlenje," lomwe limanena za moyo m'chigawo Romania kumayambiriro kwa 80-90-ntchentche. Ndipo angapo zidutswa, kuphatikizapo wotchuka "Zverdtse" kumasuliridwa mu Russian.

Ndi mantha mwachuluka autobiographical bukhu Herta Müller limafotokoza za tsogolo la m'badwo achinyamata ochokera Germany mu zaka choyipitsitsa cha ulamuliro wa Romania wolamulira Ceausescu. Buku loyamba, zomwe zinatsala kuzindikira ake ndi mphoto zambiri mabuku. Lidalembedwa atamwalira amnzanga a wolemba kumene kunachitika pansi zinthu mwachinsinsi, ndipo limafotokoza nkhani ya gulu la achinyamata amene ubwenzi imagwera mchikakamizo cha Ulamuliro.

Chofunika kwambiri, wolemba amalowerera kuunikila chododometsa zoopsa: anthu amene akuponderezedwa, ndikamapita ku maloto a ulamuliro opondereza. Achikulire ku Germany mafuko amene ankakhala ndiye mu Romania, malinga ndi wolemba, mlanduwu kudzipereka moona mtima Hitler ndi malingaliro ake.

prose Mueller

Common leitmotif, amene akuyesera kuti akupereka owerenga Herta Mueller, chinachake chofanana ndi mfundo za romanticism zolembalemba - ". Makhalidwe zachilendo zifukwa zina zapadera" Only mu Müller ndi luso anthu kupulumuka zinthu oipa mtima, komanso kuwerenga maganizo, amene motsogozedwa ndi oponderezedwa ndi opondereza awo. Momveka bwino maganizo amenewa amapezeka mu buku la, "Ndikanadziwa konse ndekha lero," 1997. Mmenemo wogwira ntchito wachinyamata anaukira tormentor, kuimira dongosolo yazamalamulo.

Mu chaka chomwecho anafalitsa buku "Ntchito" pa ulendo pa sitima ntchito wamba fakitale, amene anafunsa mafunso zosayembekezereka monga kusintha mwadzidzidzi njira sitima. mavuto ofanana anatengera khalidwe m'dziko opondereza ali odzipereka pa ntchito poyamba "Ulendo mwendo," chimene Romania wamng'ono chiyambi German akuyesera kuti azolowere moyo pambuyo nawo pa ubwenzi wabwino ndi amuna atatu nthawi imodzi.

"KUPUMA kupeta"

"Kupeta kupuma" (mu Russian kumasulira wamba zosinthika ya "kupuma") - buku wotchuka, amene analemba Herta Müller. Mayankho za iye otsutsa mabuku ndi owerenga m'njira zambiri, ndipo ananka naye kwa Nobel Prize.

The protagonist ntchito - mnyamata German, amene mu 1945, anawatumiza ku USSR. Ali ndi zaka 17 zokha, iye zochepa kwambiri zokhudza dziko ndipo akuona kusintha palokha - kugonana kwa amuna. Panthawi imeneyi, pamodzi ndi mudzi onse achikulire mbadwa anakakamizika kupita ku msasa ku Soviet Ukraine. protagonist ndi zikugwira ntchito yakalavulagaga thupi, akuvutika ndi njala ndi ozizira. Ine ndikuyesera kuti tidzakulowereni m'dziko lino, kumanga dongosolo la kugona ndi alonda atsamunda ufulu ndi akaidi ena. Pamwamba onse likuoneka mngelo Njala, ndi protagonist potsiriza amasiya moyo wauzimu, ankagwirizana ndi achibadwidwe thupi kupulumuka ndi kudya zosowa.

The Prize Nobel

Mu 2009, wopambana Nobel Prize mabuku Herta Müller anayamba. Photos wolemba ndiye mpake zinachitika pa tsamba kutsogolo atolankhani dziko.

Nkhani yaikulu ya ntchito yake - kubweretsa zinachitikira owerenga mwini wa unfreedom nkhanza munthu, kulankhula za kukumbukira gulu, amene kawiri kawiri amayesetsa aithamangitse zambiri zimene kukumbukira zosasangalatsa mantha. Mwachitsanzo, pa Ceausescu boma.

Kuwonjezera prose, chimabala Herta Müller mabuku a ndakatulo ndi nkhani ya zopereka. Iye amakoka zithunzi ndi kutitengera zithunzi.

Mu Russia yekha posachedwapa unakhala wotchuka Herta Müller. The Nobel Prize linapereka kwa iye, pogwiritsa ntchito. mabuku ake ali odzipereka osati nkhani poto-European, koma vuto ndi Romania mtundu. Mwachitsanzo, Mueller sichitha onyoza anthu Romania, mofulumira kwambiri aiwala zoopsa zonse za kupondereza ndi.