French Suites Bach

Malinga "The New York Times," Johann Sebastian Bach chinachitika mu mndandanda wa Oimba otchuka a dziko. nyimbo linauziridwa ndi Beethoven ndi Mozart kulenga zazikulu. Zotsatira za Bach ndi zoposa zikwi ntchito, zofunda zonse Mitundu nyimbo kupatula opera. Njirayi imatchedwa chosaneneka mwini polyphony.

Bach a nyimbo Mitundu

Johann Sebastian anayamba kulamulira ntchito kulemba mpingo nyimbo mu Mitundu miyambo ya chipembedzo, koma posakhalitsa n'kupita ku yakale kwambiri. Mu nyimbo yakale ya Bach anapeza yekha ndi ufulu wa kulankhula, amene analibe mu mpingo.

Choyamba Bach anatsanzira ntchito ya Oimba ena, anayamba kuphatikiza Mitundu yosiyanasiyana mankhwala limodzi. Bach fugue analola kusonyeza namatetule wake polyphony, pamene zipinda zazikulu zokhala apeza mozama maganizo, ndipo anafunika chida chimodzi chokha.

Bach analemba nyimbo zingapo zipangizo zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale kuti pa moyo wake unali wotchuka chifukwa katswiri wake akuimba limba. A zambiri ntchito za Wolemba analemba kuti chitoliro, zeze, harpsichord ndi harpsichord.

Suites kwa clavier

ntchito zake anabweretsa nyimbo yakale mlingo zonse zatsopano, makamaka kwambiri izo Tingaone mu zopereka za zipinda zazikulu zokhala kwa harpsichord. Pali afalitsidwa atatu "French Suites", "English Maapatimenti" ndi "Partita kwa Clavier".

Kwa ntchito yake, Bach angwiro kapangidwe ndi ochititsa Maapatimenti ndi kuwonjezera magulu onse atsopano, kusintha zipangizo ndi kukulitsa phokoso. mapale amenewa anasonkhana zipinda zazikulu zokhala, zimene wolemba ntchito kuchokera 1718 mpaka 1730. Iwo amasiyana mawonekedwe, zikuchokera ndi wokhutira.

Aliyense zosonkhanitsira zipinda zazikulu zokhala 6 ndi kapangidwe chomwecho - iwo ndi zigawo zinayi zikuluzikulu. Mu lirilonse la m'zinthu za Wolemba ikuwonjezera mbali zina, monga foreplay. French Suites Bach zikuchokera yodziwika ndi kuphweka ndi chomasuka kuphedwa.

Kodi Maapatimenti?

Ku French Maapatimenti anamasuliridwa ngati "ndondomeko". Mbiri Maapatimenti inkakhala zidutswa zingapo nyimbo, mwamphamvu zosiyana ndi mzake. Kamangidwe kameneka umayambira mwambo kuphatikiza kuvina - wodekha ndi wapadera mwamsanga amoyo ndi mapapo.

Ndiye Maapatimenti anakhala lililonse limatisokoneza. Standard dongosolo chipinda Maapatimenti anayamba m'zaka za chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri mu Germany, gawo la analimbitsa Bach ake yekha. Today idzafotokoza anayi zikuchokera:

• allemande;
• courant;
• Sarabande;
• Gigue.

Aliyense wa mbali awa ndi kuvina wakale.

zinthu zipinda zazikulu zokhala

Allemande - dzina la kuvina, makamaka wotchuka mu nthawi Baroque. Amachokera kwa French mawu allemande, lotembenuzidwa amatanthauza "German." Mizu ya kholo la Waltz ndi ku Germany, m'zaka XVI. French Suites Bach amasiyana kuti wolemba ayesa Allemande, nthawi zina moti kumveka ngati zing'wenyeng'wenye a.

Courant - French gule wotchuka m'zaka za m'ma XVI, yodziwika ndi kofulumiraku. Mu nthawi ya Ioganna Sebastyana Bach Courante izo anataya kutchuka kwake, koma panali chinthu wa Maapatimenti, imene Wolemba anaikira katundu maganizo ntchito.

Sarabande - Spanish wowerengeka kuvina. mtundu wapachiyambi unali kwambiri zosafunikira ndi moona, ndi mpingo, sangathe kukana, izo anaganiza ennoble, lisanduke nyimbo ya maliro ndi mlingo yafupika. Mu nthawi ya Bach sarabande inasanduka otchuka, koma mu kwambiri "nakulitsa" maonekedwe.

Gigue - kuvina wina Baroque, mizu ya omwe kupita ku England. Ndi chinthu chokha wa Maapatimenti, omwe sanayambe dansi ya anthu mkulu. Woyamba French Maapatimenti mu C Minor anatsindika mfundo yakuti Bach linasinthiratu tempo jig.

Kuwonjezera pa anayi mbali kumangako mwina alipo Maapatimenti zing'wenyeng'wenye ndi mbali zina, kawirikawiri anataya pakati otsiriza awiri.

French Suites Bach

Wolemba sanapereke maina awo Maapatimenti, "French" anawaitana ndi wolemba mbiri loyamba Bach Johann Forkel. Anawauza kuti asanu ndi zidutswa za nyimbo olembedwa ndi French wamasiku harpsichord nyimbo.

A zipinda zazikulu zokhala ndi zonse zolembedwa ndi kupeka nyimbo, ndi French - mophweka kwambiri zili ndi kuphedwa. Komabe, si mophweka mu zikuchokera ngati English, osati monga chipangizo monga partitas amene Bach analemba. French Suites, allemande ndi zina zofanana ndi zing'wenyeng'wenye kupatula zolakwika mu mungoli kabwerebwere muli magawo angapo optional ndi pakati sarabanda Zhigoy. Ngakhale Wolemba nthawi adakhalabe woona muyezo chiwembu: choyamba allemande ndiye courant, Sarabande kuseri kwa icho, kenako chimodzi kapena zingapo zina zinthu, ndipo potsiriza Maapatimenti - jig.

Okhutira wa French zipinda zazikulu zokhala ndi mkombero

French Maapatimenti mkombero imakhala mankhwala asanu kuti amasiyana chiwerengero kapena dzina la tonalities:

• Choyamba - Maapatimenti mu D Minor. Amakhala ndi Allemande, chimes, sarabande, minuet ndi jig. inawo n'lodzaza ndi tempo chosiyana - 2/2.
• Chachiwiri - Maapatimenti mu C Minor. Pakati ndi sarabanda Zhigoy atatu mbali optional - wina ndi Minuets awiri aria.
• Chachitatu - French Maapatimenti mu B Minor. A Maapatimenti chidwi mayunitsi atatu zina, Gavotte, Minuet ndi atatu.
• Chachinayi - Maapatimenti mu E Lathyathyathya Major. Kuwonjezera pa mbali yaikulu, komabe lili gavotte, minuet ndi aria.
• Chachisanu - Maapatimenti mu G Major. Mu pakati pa zinthu ziwiri zapitazi ndi kuvomerezedwa Gavotte, Bourree ndi Lura.
• Chimodzi - Maapatimenti E Major zina Gavotten, polonaise, Bourret ndi minuet.

Ngakhale kuti Bach sanachite mantha kwa zikuchokera chikhalidwe, zipinda zazikulu zokhala ake ali odzaza ndi zaluso ndiponso lililonse kwa wolemba asatengere kunja. Iwo ali ozadzidwa ndi kaimbidwe atsopano, nyimbo ndi ngakhale polyphony. Pakati pa Sarabande ndi Gavotte Zhigoy angamvele, ndi polonaise kapena minuet, ndipo iye Sarabande mu zipinda zazikulu zokhala onse asanu ndi melodic kwambiri ndi maganizo.