Franco-Prussian Nkhondo

Ndi 1870, France ndi Prussia pang'onopang'ono anasamukira nkhondo. Prussian Chancellor Otto Bismarck adafuna adzalumikizana pansi pa ulamuliro wake onse m'dziko German, French ndi mfumu Napoleon III - kuteteza izo, safuna kuona ku Ulaya, boma wina wamphamvu, ndipo ngakhale France wapafupi.

Chifukwa ndi chifukwa nkhondo

Zonse zimene zinatsalira kuchita Prussian Chancellor kulenga ogwirizana Germany - ndi kulumikiza South German limati. Koma uyu sanali kupita okha Bismarck: Prussians anakopeka zigawo French la Alsace ndi Lorraine, wolemera mu khala ndi chitsulo miyala, omwe ndi zofunika anali industrialists German.

Choncho, zimayambitsa wa Franco-Prussian nkhondo anaona, adakwanisa kugumana chifukwa. mbali zonse zikukangalika akumufunafuna, ndipo anapezeka. Mu July 1870 boma Spanish, anapezeka kufunafuna woyenera mpando wachifumu, ownerless pambuyo ulimi lotsatira, nditulukira kwa Mfumu Prussia wachibale Prince Leopold. Napoleon III, amene sanali amalakalaka pafupi France korona nthumwi ina ya mafumu Hohenzollern, anayamba kukambirana ndi Prussia. Kazembe French wapanga bwino lino. Koma kunapezeka, pali lurked ndi akatiputa. Uthengawo kwa mfumu French pa kukana wa Spanish wachifumu wa Prussia, Bismarck anali mu kamvekedwe m'malo amanyansidwa kwa French, ndipo ngakhale lofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala. Zotsatira zake zinali zodziwikiratu - anakwiya Napoleon III kulengeza nkhondo pa Prussia.

The bwino mphamvu

The vuto lonse limene anayamba Franco-Prussian nkhondo, anali abwino kwambiri kwa Prussia kuposa mu France. Kumbali ya Bismarck anapanga boma, anali mbali ya ku North German Chitaganya, ndi French Mfumu komanso opanda owathandiza. Russia Pamilunguyo ndi zinakambirana, ndi Britain ndi Italy asapita zamtendere anali kwadzaoneni adayipsa chifukwa ndondomeko wosadziŵa wa Napoleon III. Boma yekhayo amene akanatha kuthetsa nkhondo pa mbali yake, anali Austria, koma boma Austria, posachedwapa anagonjetsa nkhondo ndi Prussia, sanayese n'komwe kuchita nkhondo yatsopano ndi mdani posachedwapa.

Kuyambira masiku oyambirira a Franco-Prussian nkhondo anawulula zofooka za asilikali a ku France. Choyamba, mphamvu ndi kwambiri wolephera mdani - 570 zikwi asilikali 1 miliyoni pa North German Chitaganya. Choipa kwambiri chinali utumiki. Chinthu chokha chimene akhoza kunyadira French - ndi mofulumira-moto mfuti Shaspo. Koma chofunika kwambiri - ndi kupanda ndondomeko bwino ntchito ya usilikali. Izo zinandipangitsa mwachangu, ndipo zambiri mwa izo zinali zenizeni: ndi yolimbikitsa ndi nthawi ndi kuwerengetsera pa zakulekanitsani ogwirizana ndi.

Koma Prussia, ndi Franco-Prussian nkhondo, palokha, si amakodwa ndi zongochitika King, kapena Chancellor. asilikali ake anali malangizo osiyana ndi zida zabwino, anakhazikitsa maziko yolembedwa usilikali konsekonse. A maukonde wandiweyani wa njanji ku Germany limakupatsani mwamsanga kusamutsa mayunitsi asilikali kupita ku malo oyenera. Ndipo, ndithudi, lamulo Prussian anali bwino ndondomeko ya ntchito anayamba kale nkhondo.

Nkhondo

Mu August 1870, asilikali Prussian unkatchedwa zolawula. French nyumba inabala anagonjetsa mmodzi ndi mmodzi. September 1 pafupi Nyumbayi Sedan, amene anali Napoleon III, nkhondo inayambika. French lamulo sakanapulumuka chilengedwe, pamwamba pa asilikali a zowawa zomvetsa yaikulu pa mtanda shelling. Chifukwa, tsiku lotsatira, Napoleon III anakakamizika mudzipereke. Yolanda anthu 84 sauzande, Prussians anasamukira ku likulu French.

Uthenga wa anagonjetsedwa Sedan zinachititsa kuti zipolowe ku Paris. Kale September 4 Republic analengeza mu France. Boma latsopano wayamba kupanga asilikali watsopano. Pansi mfuti, zikwi odzipereka, koma kuti akonzekeretse asilikali a boma latsopano la dziko alephera kwa mdani. October 27 anagonja gulu lalikulu la asilikali a polimbana Bazaine pafupifupi 200 zikwi anthu. Malinga ndi azambiriyakale, polimbana mosavuta munganyansidwe ndi Prussians, koma anasankha.

Pa amadzibisa zina, Bismarck sizinatheke. Chifukwa, January 28, 1871 , boma la France lalembedwa ndi armistice pa Versailles. The Franco-Prussian nkhondo itatha. Kumeneko, m'nyumba ya mafumu French, izo analengeza German Ufumu. Kodi mwamantha theka ya atumwi, ndipo mu chipinda chomwecho Ndisainira pangano mtendere ndi kale Germany, pambuyo Germany adzagonjetsedwa mu Yoyamba ya Dziko lonse. Koma izi zisanachitike, anali kutali mu May chaka chomwecho, maphwando zinasaina mtendere pangano limene France ali osati anataya Alsace kuti Lorraine, komanso ozizira $ 5 biliyoni franc. Choncho, Franco-Prussian Nkhondo ya 1870-1871. osati ogwirizana Germany, komanso kwambiri wofooka France chuma.