Francium mankhwala mchitidwe: makhalidwe ndi mbiri wotulukira

Chemical mchitidwe francium (FR 87) - mmodzi wa za nthawi ndi nthawi zinthu Mendeleyev. Ndi 1925 kunali mbali zinayi unfound. Ichi ndi chovuta ndi achangu soda zitsulo alipo mu chilengedwe, ndipo izo ndi yachangu theka moyo mankhwala alipo. Ichi ndi otsika ndi nyukiliya bata abwino chakuti kwa nthawi yaitali, zinali zosatheka kwa French Open, amene alipo anali yotsutsana ndi Mendeleev pafupifupi zaka zisanafike chidatengedwa.

Mbiri ya anapeza chinthu mankhwala France

Iye Misc umene unagwa pa tsoka la mkazi, dzina Marguerite Perret. Kufunafuna chuma ndi zochokera dongosolo Mendeleev. Kutengera zinthu loyandikana № 87, malingaliro osiyanasiyana atapereka za katundu wa zitsulo:

• chifukwa chakuti cesium coterminous chimasungunula firiji, izo anaganiza kuti 87 TH mchitidwe nawonso kusungunula pa otsika kutentha;
• ankaganiza kuti izo zikanakhala ntchito kwa zitsulo madzi monga cesium kapena mankhwala enaake;
• Timaika patsogolo kungoganizira za mpweya wa poizoni ake.

Pakutha 1938 kufunafuna thunthu anagwirizana Marguerite Pere. Ndi cholinga chake pa particles Alefa panamveka ku actinium. Bwino kutsukidwa kwa thunthu la zosafunika zosiyanasiyana, kusiya kokha chinthu choyera. Pambuyo mankhwala yaikulu mankhwala anakhalabe m'manja mwa mayi mowa sayansi munali mchere soda. Omwe si nyukiliya, koma pambuyo evaporation wa bwino zinayamba kuonekera beta ntchito ndi theka moyo wa mphindi 22. mkazi wakhala bwino kuti mlingo ngati zimatengera mwachindunji zochita za mchitidwe soda.

Wopitiriza ntchito ya Margarita anali bwino kokha mu chaka cha 1939. Zochokera nomenclature alipo, mkazi anapereka amafotokozera 87 TH cha dzina "Actinium-K", yomwe kenako anadzatchedwa ku France kuti azikumbukira malo amene iye anabadwa. Union mayiko a Koyera ndi Akutsatira Chemistry anatenga dzina anayambitsa ndi Marguerite Perret. Popeza kutsegula kwa France.

Chemical mchitidwe FR: khalidwe

Ichi ndi chovuta ndi achangu soda zitsulo komwe kuli chikhalidwe, ndipo mmodzi wa yachangu theka moyo mankhwala alipo. Motalikitsa ankakhala wa isotopes ake angapezeke mu mchere ureniamu. Choncho, mankhwala mchitidwe francium bwino kwambiri bwino, kuyambira linawola msanga. Makamaka ali mpweya wa poizoni kwambiri. Koma wochepa mchitidwe akhala ankafufuza, napeza katundu zotsatirazi:

• theka moyo wonse yaitali isotope Mphindi 22;
• kusungunuka kutentha - 27 madigiri;
• kachulukidwe firiji wa 1,87 g / mamita ^3.

Zosangalatsa za France

Izi otsiriza mankhwala amafotokozera tidaonera mu chikhalidwe. Adzaupereka kwa osowa kwambiri, chifukwa ndi yovuta ndi chisoni msanga. Malinga ndi asayansi, mankhwala francium mchitidwe alipo mu dziko monga kuchuluka kwa magalamu 30. Iwo akhoza zimachitika zitsulo madzi, koma ndi madzi kwa nthawi yochepa. Pambuyo masekondi angapo francium linagawanika mu zinthu khola, mu Analandira makamaka analandira.

ntchito France

Koma ngakhale osakhalitsa mkulu, izi amafotokozera mankhwala kumathandizanso. Izo ntchito, ngakhale kwambiri. Choyamba, mankhwala mchitidwe francium zothandiza kupeza zinthu mu actinium achilengedwe. Komanso, kuthokoza kwa zatsopano ndi makoswe choyezera, asayansi apeza kuti amasonkhana zotupa zilonda, amene ali pa gawo loyamba la chitukuko. Choncho, angagwiritsidwe ntchito oyambirira matenda sarcoma. Koma kuphunzira chinthu imeneyi. Frances wasayansi limasonyeza kwambiri zinsinsi zake.