Eski-Kermen - zodabwitsa mzinda wa malinga

Eski-Kermen - Byzantine akale mzinda wa malinga, limene lili mu chakumadzulo kwa Crimea chilumba. Iye anawonekera mu VI m'ma ndipo zinatha mpaka cha m'ma XIV, pamene anawonongedwa ndi asilikaliwa.

Mmene onse anayamba ...

Kuyambira m'zaka za chakhumi, Eski-Kermen anayamba kukula mofulumira ndi kukhala. Iye anakhala luso lalikulu ndiponso zamalonda. Komabe, ntchito yaikulu imatengedwa ulimi. Eski-Kermen ankakhala ndi minda ya zipatso ndi mpesa. Ofukula amakhalabe ngalande ulimi wothirira apezeka, komanso masitepe ndi ziyangoyango zomwe ati amene adzakhale zakutchire. Masiku ano obereketsa anavutika Pofuna kuzindikira mitundu mphesa kuti mwakula Byzantines.

Eski-Kermen (Crimea)

The heyday ake anabwera XII-XIII atumwi, pamene kale zikwi ziwiri okhala. Pa nthawi iyi, mu mpanda anakhala kayendetsedwe ndi ndale likulu mu Tauris.

Mzindawu unali abwino. Eski-Kermen lili pa chikweza kufikako, chamangidwa pa midadada amakona anayi ndi misewu mokwanira lonse. Malinga ndi iye momasuka kusuntha ngolo. tchalitchi inamangidwa pakati. Ndipo pa chipata chachikulu cha kachisi anaima.

Njira alendo

Odzaona malo nthawi zambiri pitani Eski-Kermen, zithunzi zomwe mungathe kuona m'nkhani ino. Monga kale, inu mukhoza kupita kulinga kudzera pachipata cha kum'mwera. Road imatchedwabe kuda ngolo mpaka otsetsereka a. Kukhala atatu a kuguba, alendo kubwera kwa mpanda wolimba kwambiri. Pa malo pafupi chipata chachikulu wotsegulira inwards. Tsopano kuwakumbutsa zamkati zokha zipilala ndi dilapidated vaulted denga. Pa mbali ya zipata alipobe nkhondowo dera zamwano. A yopemphereramo pa iwo ndi nsanja limatuluka pamwamba pa chipata chachikulu, sanapulumuke. Inde, ndi nyumba zina zodzitetezera pafupifupi kanthu katsalira.

Ku chipata chachikulu chinali mumsewu waukulu. Pachiyambi penipeni, alendo kuwona mapanga. Kumanja - mphanga, mphanga kumanzere - polowera nsanja. Patali, sakhoza kuona mapanga ambiri cholukanalukana. Ndi kachisi. pakhomo wake - mpando wa bishopu, lamanzere - wosasintha, ndi bwino - mabenchi kwa molimba mtima. Akafika kachisi, arches chimene adachipasula kale amapereka mizati, Tingaone pansi la manda - akuluakulu ndi ana. Mwachionekere, iwo anali ndi zinthu kulambira okhala mumzindawo. Ataona mpingo, alendo kuona ndende choyamba, yomwe ili mu thanthwe. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kutembenukira kumadzulo mumsewu waukulu. M'kaidi inamangidwa kuteteza njira kuti gorge, kumene mukhoza kupeza mu mzinda. Kudzera munakhazikitsa ake namponya miyala ndi mfuti pa mdani mwamsanga pamene iye anaonekera pa nayenso. Sakhala patali ndi yense chitetezo anali maenje tirigu, katundu wake nthawi zonse kudzadza ndi anthu a midzi yoyandikana nayo, imene osati wobisa kunja kwa mpanda wa mzinda likhoza pangozi, koma anathandizanso kuteteza m'linga.

casemates

Kutembenuza kum'mawa kwa mumsewu waukulu, mukhoza kuona ndende chachiwiri - phanga, wopangidwa mwa awiriawiri anayi zipinda. Kumbuyo kwake - Mpingo wa Mfundo za Lady athu, amene ali maphulusa a frescoes zosonyeza woyera, amene anali pa nthawi yina vandalism.

The ndende lachitatu komanso ili pafupi. Pali ambiri mapanga inakula masitepe ndi makonde chosema mu thanthwe. Kenako, cholinga chawo wasintha kwambiri. Iwo anaikidwa pansi zofuna za chuma. Suli kutali casemates uyu akhoza kuona mabwinja a khoma mpanda wolimba. Zinali wandiweyani monga mamita awiri ndi mamita atatu mu msinkhu. Dongosolo kudziteteza khoma zikugwirizana casemates zonse zinayi.

The ndende chachinayi lili kumpoto m'mapiriŵa. Mosiyana ndi ena, izo Anachotsa. Iye anali kuteteza mbali ya kumpoto ndi kum'mawa kwa thanthwe, kumene kunali chipata cha mzinda.

Ngati chitetezo kufufuza bwino kwambiri, amene amafufuza zamakezana mumzinda pafupifupi silidziŵika. Iwo anafukula awiri okha kumpanda zogona. Akatswiriwa anapeza kuti gawo loyamba la nyumba anawononga pamoto. Mu chapansi pa wina zidutswa awa a akazi, amuna mwana mafupa anapezeka. Pa akamba zawo kuoneka bwino mkwapulo wa sabers. Pa yomanga a chigawo chachiwiri, ili zina kumpoto, zitatu anapezeka yosanjikizana nyumba, mu chapansi pa ana awiri ndi mafupa wamkulu atatu nawonso anapeza. Zikuoneka kuti anthu ayesa kubisala, koma iwo anagwetsa nyumbayi anakomoka. Kuyambira zofukulidwa awa njira amatsogolera alendo mabwinja a tchalitchi, amene anamangidwanso bwereza kangapo.

Aliyense m'nyengo nkhani ya kuzinga yaitali, anali kuonetsetsa kuti anthu onse ndi madzi. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, mzinda anamangapo Nyumba "kuzinga bwino." Iwo Tingaone ukutsika ndi njira kumpoto. Kukhala mamita zana, mukhoza kuona pakhomo kwa thanthwe ndi masitepe phompho, amene umatha zomera catchment. Ndi denga lake ndi madzi ikudontha kuchokera ku gwero.

chiwonongeko

Ndipo komabe, kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XIII kulinga anawonongedwa ndi asilikali a Mtsogoleri wina wa Aarabu Nogay ndi anthu a mzinda inawonongedwa. apeza archeological kutsimikizira chiphunzitso chakuti nyumba zonse zinawonongedwa ndi moto.

Kuukira chomwecho anali mwadzidzidzi kuti si anthu onse ngakhale anathawa m'nyumba zawo. Kenako, linga salinso anachira. Minda ya mpesa ndi kuthamanga zakutchire, misewu inamera udzu. tchire olimba anamubisa kwa nthawi yaitali imawonongeka mzinda wa Eski-Kermen. Ndipo aiwala kwa zaka zambiri.

Pomaliza

Tsopano inu mukudziwa kuti Eski-Kermen - phanga mzinda. Tsopano iye ndi amodzi mwa malo ambiri anapita kwa Republic. Mupanga Crimea? Eski-Kermen - phanga mzinda, amene uyenera kupitako. nkhani yake ndi zodabwitsa, ndi malo ali chidwi kwambiri.