Enaake ndi dystopia ndi chiyani?

Kodi enaake? Izi akuti ntchito (makamaka) ntchito zosiyanasiyana zopeka. Iwo amanena kuti anthu amene ali wangwiro, wangwiro. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mawu amenewa ntchito mu 1516 ndale ndi zaumunthu Thomas More. Ilo linali dzina la chilumba wosangalatsa, kumene anthu onse ndi ofanana ndi mnzake. Patapita nthawi, mawu akuti "enaake" anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito lonse. Ndi zogwirizana lero.

enaake ndi chiyani? Mukhoza kungopereka mawu olembedwa ambiri kwambiri, chifukwa aliyense wolemba ndi nzeru za yekha Mzimuyo wotani anthu tinganene kuti abwino. M'njira monga enaake amatha kusiyanitsa mumaganiza zitatu zikuluzikulu.

Choyamba, ndi chitsanzo cha boma yabwino imene chikuchititsa zonsezi ndi chitukuko mofulumira sayansi, zinthu zambiri ndi zoyambitsidwa. Vuto limeneli akhoza monga enaake technocratic anafotokoza.

Kachiwiri, ndi dziko langwiro, kumene ukulu Zimapezeka ndi zida andale a chipangizo wangwiro.

Kachitatu, ndi zamoyo zinachita ndi sociological enaake, yomwe ndi chotsatira chake cha zamoyo mosalekeza ndi kudzikonda kusintha kwa aliyense payekha.

Kodi kukonzedwa ndi mawu? enaake ndi chiyani? Monga tanenera kale, mu malo oyamba - ndi chifaniziro cha dongosolo langwiro la anthu. Enaake kungakhale njira zina maganizo, kapena ndi mtundu wanyimbo zolembalemba.

Dziwani kuti olemba mabuku a masiku ndi nzeru ena, mosiyana ndi akapolo anzawo akale, ndi maganizo abwino kuti dziko ndi kuchuluka chilungamo cha kukayikira. Kaya m'pofunika wathu anthu ndi lingaliro, maloto mumangire? Kumene, m'pofunika, chifukwa maganizo enaake udzakhalapo bola ngati wina akuona zolakwa za dziko, ndipo akufuna kuthetsa iwo. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu patsogolo m'madera onse a moyo.

Palibe chinthu chotero monga enaake ali zosiyana ake - ndi dystopia. A azimuth ofanana yafala kwambiri pambuyo First World nkhondo. Dystopia - dongosolo lonse kuti Mzimu yekha mantha kunyansidwa. Kawirikawiri mtundu wanyimbo zimawathandiza ena amvekere poyerekezera zoti moyo abwino. Mukhoza kufufuza kufanana mbiri. Makamaka zogwirizana anali mtundu wanyimbo dystopian pamene ena limati anayesa kuzindikira loto la abwino kuti dziko. Nkosafuna kunena kuti njira zimenezi anabweretsa yekha kukumana ndi mavuto ochuluka zisinthe ndi imfa. ntchito nthawi zambiri zinalembedwa polemba chinenero ichi, iwo amanena kuti si nthawi zonse njira zabwino umalimbana kusintha miyoyo ya anthu onse kuwasandutsa zotsatira zabwino, chifukwa aliyense ali ndi ganizo lawo la wangwiro kuti dziko.

Madera monga enaake ndi dystopia, zogwirizana kwambiri pa nthawiyo. Anthu ambiri amadera nkhawa kwambiri kusintha mofulumira zikuchitika m'dzikoli, zinali zovuta kumvetsa pamene iwo zingachititse. m'maganizo anthu monga amapita chitsogolo, kujambula okondweretsa, ndi zina zoopsa zithunzi za World. malangizo awa ndi kovuta kuti dzina la zongopeka wamba. Nthawi zambiri ndi nzeru zaumunthu mawunikidwe kwambiri, zochokera zenizeni ndi chi amatichititsa kuganiza za moyo ndi tsogolo la anthu.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa zomwe ndi enaake. mabuku wotchuka olembedwa polemba chinenero ichi ndi "Mzinda wa Dzuwa" wa Campanella, "Micromegas" ndi Voltaire, "The New Atlantis" Bacon, "Mu 2000," Bellani ndi ena ambiri. ntchito wotchuka luso, olembedwa mogwirizana ndi malangizo a dystopia, izo "1984" Orwell a "Ife" Zamyatin, "Ambuye wa Ntchentche" Golding, "A Clockwork Orange" Burgess, "The Begum ndi mwayi" Jules Verne, "Akselerando" Charles Stross, ndi ena.