Enaake - chitsanzo cha boma abwino

Pali awiri Mabaibulo za chiyambi cha mawu enaake. Malowa, monga woyamba wa iwo, yomwe alibe (u - palibe, topos -. malo, m'Chigiriki). Ndipo lachiwiri - wodalitsika dziko (EU - zabwino, topos - place). akuti anali woyamba ntchito ndi Thomas Moore mu mutu wa bukhu. Kenako iye anadzakhala dzina banja, kutanthauza dziko zosiyanasiyana zopeka ndi changwiro kuti chikhalidwe ndi zolinga zosatheka, munali mu zolemba ndi Mfundo pa kusinthika zothandiza anthu.

Enaake - chimaonetsedwa zofuna za magulu ena ochezera kuti si kawirikawiri kuyang'anira. Iwo amachita chidziwitso, maphunziro ndi maganizo ntchito zofunika kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri anatumikira monga mawonekedwe a Mawu a mfundo chosintha.

Monga enaake ndi - ndi choyamba mtundu wa chikumbu chikhalidwe, umalimbana ndi kumvetsa ganizoli chikhalidwe, kuyesera mwachidwi m'tsogolo, Kutsutsa kuti alipo. Mu Kubadwa Kwatsopano, izo anasonyeza za boma langwiro ngati penapake wakhalapo kale. kufalitsa, iye analandira zakale ndi akale China (zolemba za Lao Tzu, Mo Tzu), komanso anthu a ku Middle East (Avempace, Al-Farabi).

Mu zaka 17 ndi 18 kuti anali kufalitsa Mfundo n'komwe, komanso ntchito ya kusintha chikhalidwe ndi maulamuliro. Koma kuyambira cha m'ma 19, enaake amakhala mtundu wanyimbo yeniyeni ya mabuku pa nkhani ya makhalidwe abwino ndi maloto chikhalidwe. A zambiri za ntchito n'komwe za m'ma 20 linalembedwa ndi HG Wells.

M'lingaliro wodziika, ndi enaake - ndi omveka chilengedwe chiwembu, amene, mu maganizo a anthu ake, kudzakuthandizani kuthetsa kusemphana alipo anthu. Iwo amakhala ndi: odana historicism, chizolowezi zamawonekedwe, detachment kuchokera ku chenicheni, akukokomeza udindo wa maphunziro ndi malamulo, chiyembekezo thandizo la olamulira.

Monga kuyenera kumeneko dystopia, imene imafuna kusiyidwa kwa chikhalidwe abwino ndi chiyanjanitso ndi machitidwe alipo mu State, pofuna kupewa koipa za m'tsogolo. Dystopia amaonetsa kuti amaonetsera mfundo zokhudza otsutsa (zambiri mu mawonekedwe caricature).

Social enaake Plato - imodzi mwa mfundo yoyamba ya mtundu uwu. Malingana ndi chiphunzitso chake, boma ndi dala intensification, ndende, chilungamo ndi kukongola. Pofuna kukwaniritsa izi, anthu ayenera kugwira ntchito bwino chimatanthauza lolingana katundu wa miyoyo yawo ndi luso lachibadwa.

Moyo uli ndi zigawo zitatu - amphamvu wofuna, wanzeru ndi affective. Malinga predominance zina za yogawa ntchito pagulu. Volitional gawo la moyo uli asilikali amene amateteza anthu kwa mdani. Oganiza gawo - nzeru za anthu amene kuthana ndi boma. Affective - wamba ndi amisiri nawo mafakitale ndi kupezera boma mankhwala kutero.

enaake Social, monga Plato, maziko chakuti chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kusukulu ya makhalidwe abwino (asilikali - kulimba mtima, olamulira - nzeru, amisiri ndi anthu wamba - kuwunikidwa) ndipo chifukwa cha okhwima wolowezana alipo mu boma anazindikira apamwamba ukoma - chilungamo, zikubweretsa kuti mogwirizana. Choncho zofuna za munthu ndi nsembe ubwino.

Panopa, mfundo enaake amanyamula angapo ubwino. Kwenikweni, limachititsa ndikuganiza zimene zidzachitike m'tsogolo, ndiponso kupewa zingapo zotsatira zoipa zokhudza zochitika za anthu. Sanataye kufunika kwake ndipo wosangalatsa mu ntchito zambiri zolembalemba.