Echmiadzin Cathedral (Armenia): kufotokoza, mbiri chidwi mfundo

Dziko lonse lero pali mipingo yambiri ndiponso akachisi. Anthu ena kusunga mbiri yaitali, ena adakali kwambiri "anyamata" ndi ena unatha chifukwa nkhondo, kuwonongedwa, kapena zochitika zachilengedwe.

Ambiri a iwo akhala kwathunthu kapena inawonongedwa, ambiri anabwezeretsa maonekedwe wapachiyambi kapena pang'ono kusinthidwa mapulani ake. Koma maonekedwe izi zonse. Mbiri ya mabungwe osiyanasiyana ndi lapadera, zinsinsi ndi mfundo zochititsa chidwi.

Ndipo, ndithudi, chidwi kwambiri ndi mbiri ya mipingo akhristu oyamba mu dziko, omwe adakalipo mpaka lero. Imodzi mwa nyumba zimenezi ndi Echmiadzin Cathedral, limene lili mu Armenia. Uyu ndi mkhristu mpingo wokongola, amene anaonekera pa chiyambi cha chipembedzo.

Kodi Cathedral

Echmiadzin tchalitchi anali kwenikweni anamanga kumbuyo mu 301 AD. Lero ndi waukulu Mkhristu kachisi wa Chiameniya Apostolic Church. Anthu yotentha zikugwedezeka mu nthawi mu zaka 303 484, ndipo kenako - ndi 1411. Pamodzi, kachisi uyu ndiye anali okhala woyamba Supreme mabishopu, ndi Catholicos la Armenia onse - Gregory wa chounikira (Lusavorich).

City komwe Echmiadzin Cathedral inamangidwa - Vagharshapat - mzinda wakale imene inamangidwa pa malo ndi kuthetsa wakale Vargdesavan mfumu Vargas choyamba mu zoyambirira za m'ma 2 AD. Kenako, dzina mzinda linasinthidwa kukhala Echmiadzin.

Mawu "Echmiadzin" amatanthauza "malo wobadwa yekha." Amatchedwanso Echmiadzin Cathedral wamkulu dzina - ". Kuunika" "Shokahat" omwe anamasuliridwa ngati

Bakuman wa chilengedwe cha tchalitchi

Pali nthano za yomanga tchalitchi. Iwo amagwirizana ndi mfumu Trdat lachitatu ndi Catholicos St. Gregory chounikira ndi. Malinga ndi nthano imeneyi, mfumu kamodzi anauza atumiki ake kuti akapereke 33 ophedwa avirigo alongo, makolo nthawi anapita misala. Ndipo mmodzi wa omangidwa kundende panthawi imeneyo anali Gregory wa chounikira, amene anatha kuchiza matenda a mfumu, malingaliro anga anabwerera kwa iye ndi kutembenuza chikhulupiriro cha Akhristu. Kumene, nzika za mfumu patsogolo pang'ono anachita chimodzimodzi. Choncho, lonse la Armenia anali Chikristu.

Nthano za malo malo kachisi

Palinso nthano ya malo komwe akufuna kuika kachisi. Tsogolo woyamba Catholicos nthawi yaitali kusankha malo tchalitchi, koma kamodzi Gregory, yemwe anadzakhala kholo loyamba Echmiadzin, analota maloto. Mu maloto, wobadwa yekha (Khristu) anadza kwa iye. Iye wotsikayo kuchokera kumwamba ndi nyundo moto mu dzanja lake ndipo ananena kwa malo pomanga kachisi. tchalitchi inamangidwa pa dera la kachisi wakale achikunja, analambira milungu yonyenga m'dera.

Pali nthano zimenezi, malinga ndi zimene pa malo tsogolo la kachisi inali pamwamba chithaphwi. Ndipo m'kulota kwa Gregory Iisus Hristos anaonekera ndi nthambi golide msondodzi, kumufotokozera bwalo ake ku malo oyenera. Nthano chomwecho limanena kuti zomangamanga woyamba likuphwasuka tsiku lililonse, ndi kumanga ichi anachedwa kwambiri. Yezu azabulukira Catholicos kachiwiri kuti kumeneko ndi wotembereredwa ndi kukhalapo kwa mizimu yoipa, ndipo an'dzacosa izo. Ndiyeno ndinakumbukira Gregory wa msondodzi nthambi. Nadza iye kwa zomangamanga ndi msewu chinang'ambika msondodzi nthambi ndipo anayamba kupeta izo. Malinga ndi nthano, zoipa zonse anali omwazika, ndi china chirichonse angachite bwino kumanga tchalitchi mzindawo St. Echmiadzin.

Mbiri ya yomanga tchalitchi

Mu mbiri yake yaitali pa tchalitchi kakusintha kukonza ambiri ndipo anaukitsidwa. Ngati nyumba zina zambiri, mwaluso izi mapulani inamangidwa kuposa zaka.

Poyamba Echmiadzin Cathedral inamangidwa monga nyumba amakona anayi, mu mawonekedwe a tchalitchi yosavuta, ndipo kenako anasanduka tchalitchi ndi mzikiti pakati. Nkhani woyamba ntchito izo, panali mtengo. Kale mu kachisi m'ma 5 anapeza chamtanda mawonekedwe ndi mzikiti a. Ndingakuthandizeni iwo kumene pa nthawi imeneyo Vahan Mamikonyan kalonga.

kusintha Komanso pa zomangamanga a tchalitchi lidawonjezeredwa Catholicos Komitas ndi Nerses lachitatu. Ndipo anaganiza kumanganso tchalitchi, pogwiritsa ntchito matabwa m'malo mwala theka zoyambirira za m'ma 7. Ndiyeno anaika maphunziro a tchalitchi adakalipo mpaka pano.

M'zaka za m'ma 12 linamangidwa mzikiti wina, ndipo tsopano kumadzulo kuchoka chokongoletsedwa atatu-tiered belu nsanja. Ndipo pambuyo 6 zaka mbali zitatu za mpingo adaonjezeredwa ku zisanu ndi ndime rotunda (wozungulira kumanga ndi mzikiti a) - pa kum'mwera, kumpoto ndi kum'maŵa mbali. Tsopano pa tchalitchi anali pyatikupolny ukwati.

Cathedral anali utoto 1721. The zofunika kwa ornamentation chilengedwe mu mawonekedwe a buluu violet ndi zomera red-lalanje.

Museum mu Echmiadzin Cathedral

sacristy, omwe m'nyumba chuma mpingo ndi maulaliki osiyanasiyana wapatali - Mu 1869, alumikiza ndi analengedwa pa kum'mawa kwa kachisi. Pakali pano, mnyumba muno ndi zakale, kumene zinthu zakale zopatulika zimasungika, zovala mpingo, nsalu ndi ngale ndi golide, mitanda ndi ndodo ya Catholicos, osiyanasiyana mwambo zinthu. Komanso mu nyumbayi zimasungika mpando wa Catholicos, amene chokongoletsedwa ndi zithunzi za siliva, chokongoletsedwa ndi minyanga ndi mayi a ngale.

The wakale zosonkhanitsira kwambiri mipukutu amatengedwa ndi kusungidwa izo Echmiadzin Cathedral. Armenia pa nthawi, ngati limati zinazache, anapeza zambiri katswiri luso ndi zolembalemba.

Koma Dziwani kuti mtengo wa nthawi zonse "" anayenda, kuti anali wokongola owopsa kwa iwo chifukwa brittleness. Chitsanzo cha zimenezi ndi kusandulika kwa okhala ndi Catholicos pa Dvin. Mpaka m'ma 12 zosonkhanitsira anapitiriza kusuntha mpaka 1441 sanali anabweranso Echmiadzin.

Kale m'zaka za m'ma 20 mpingo linakhalanso kwambiri. Mizati ndi arches kuti anagwirira mzikiti, anali bwino yamalinga, ndi mzikiti miyala patsogolo. Ndiye nsangalabwi ankagwiritsa ntchito yomanga guwa latsopano ndi kuyala pansi a tchalitchi. Zochitika mural mu mpingo kuchokera mkati wakhalanso kusinthidwa wodzilemekeza ndiponso mwa tsatanetsatane.

Zina mwa nyumba pa gawo a tchalitchi

Kuwonjezera nyumbayi, mu kufotokoza za Echmiadzin Cathedral ndi ofunika kuwonjezera pamaso pa Theological Academy Woyera Etchmiadzin. sukulu ndi wosiyana ndi munthu wa mtundu wina.

Pankhani nkhani ndi kuphunzira, anthu nawo nkhani, pano ali ochepa. omvetsera okhudza 50 anthu. zinthu zofunika makamaka zothandiza anthu - nzeru, maganizo, mfundo, chinenero, mbiri ya dziko lapansi ndi apamwamba.

Echmiadzin Cathedral masiku ano

Mbiri ya kachisi, pamene ife tikuwona, wolemera zosiyanasiyana mfundo, lodzala ndi nthano nkhani. Today Echmiadzin Cathedral - pa tchalitchi chachikulu cha Armenia. Iye anapita ndi alendo ambiri chaka chilichonse. Chikhalidwe ndi wauzimu cholowa cha boma, lomwe chimagwirizanitsa anthu onse okhulupilira.