Collocations Lexical

Mau funso sizigwiritsidwa ntchito payokha, mmodzi ndi mmodzi, ndi osakaniza. Si onse amene ali ndi ufulu kugwirizana ndi mzake. Lexical ngakhale mawu - ndi luso lawo kugwirizana ndi uthunthu wina mawu ena. Nthawi zina, chifukwa cha zovuta zoterozo kusankha mu kulankhula analola zolakwa lexical.

Chiweruzo, mawu n'zogwirizana ndi mkati tanthauzo la, ndi grammatically. Zikatero, ubwenzi umenewu amatipatsa kalembedwe kulondola wa kulankhula. Kutanthauza kugwirizana ndi mfundo zolondola kupereka zili. Monga ntchito kulankhula mawu akhale mogwirizana ndi ena. Iwo anasonyeza m'njira ziwiri ngakhale - lexical ndi zamalankhulidwe.

Lexical ngakhale amatanthauza mphamvu kulowa mawu osakaniza ndi chiwerengero chokha zochepa (kapena yunitsi) Mawu.

Zamalankhulidwe ndi m'mawu luso ikukhudzana kalasi yonse mawu ena kuti kugawana ndi tanthauzo wamba. Mwachitsanzo, gulu la kasewenzetsedwe ka mau ofotokoza za boma la munthu (ndikuganiza, kuseka, etc.) angathe pamodzi ndi mawu onse amene amaimira anthu (dokotala odutsa).

Nthawi zina, pamene si zinthu zenizeni, ndi za ubwenzi wawo (umboni, mawu umboni), ngakhale lexical ndi chifukwa. Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza "kupereka malangizo", "kuyendera", "kutsutsa", etc. kasewenzetsedwe ka mau awa onse udindo, ndi wosavuta m'malo ofanana ( "kulangiza", "kufufuza", "kukana"), koma kusakaniza iwo kuli kovuta. Chirasha anthu osanena, mwachitsanzo, "kuti Council."

Zinenero kutsitsimuka kwa munthu wapatsidwa mphamvu ya chisankho. Mundawu aumbike zaka zambiri, m'kupita kwa tsiku lililonse. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mawu mu funso, kudziŵa makhalidwe awo si kokwanira. M'pofunika kulowa kulabadira ngakhale mawu. Inu muyenera kusamala ndi ofanana. Mwachitsanzo, adjective "woona" ndiponso "woona" mtengo wa chomwecho, koma ife samanena kuti "bwenzi oona" kapena "chikalata chenicheni" monga bwenzi lenileni akhoza kukhala ndi zikalata - lodalirika. Izi ngakhale lexical.

Zitsanzo za mankhwala amenewa ndi mawu ambiri ndithu. Nthawi zambiri mukhoza sangachite osakaniza. Choyamba, iwo akhoza kungoyankha kosagwirizana m'lingaliro "Dziko-odyera", "lalanje kalulu", etc. Komanso, incongruity mwina chifukwa chikhalidwe chawo kalembedwe ( "woimba kwakukulu", "nyumba yanga") kapena mbali lexical (mungathe "chifukwa chisoni," ndipo chimwemwe chotero musati munene, tiyenera kunena "chaka chonse" osati "maola onse ").

Nthawi zina chakhungu lexical ngakhale adadziwa zimaseketsa kwambiri ( "m'mbuyomu posachedwapa"). Komabe, kuphwanya ntchito zolembalemba ntchito mwadala kukwaniritsa zotsatira zina: tisangalatse owerenga kulabadira chinachake, achilandira, etc. Mwachitsanzo, "The panyengo Wamasiye", "Anapachikidwa ndi ndevu," "chikhululukiro cha 'makhalidwe' ena, 'atsopano tikadwala unyamata", etc. Pankhaniyi, talingalirani incongruity m'pofunika kukhala chipangizo stylistic.

Ena options pachithunzichi ngakhale chachikulu (osiyana kwambiri anthu, iwo ntchito mawu a zolakwa yemweyo), "msonkhano msonkhano" (msonkhano kufunika 'zinachitika ")," kukhala m'chizimezime "(ayenera" wotsegula M'maso mwanga "). Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti zinthu zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mawu osiyana akonzedwa, ndi zambiri kumayambitsa m'malo a zigawo zolakwa zamalankhulidwe. Mawu akuti chikhalidwe "Ndiroleni ine akamufunsirire ndi mkate!" Kodi inunso pachithunzichi. Inu mukhoza mwina 'kuukitsa kapu "kapena" Tilandire. "

Komanso mmene kachilombo komwe wosweka lexical ngakhale, ndi mawu akuti "bwino mlingo wa utumiki." mlingo akhoza kukhala okwera, koma mwina kusintha khalidwe.