Cochlear implantation: chimene icho chiri, amene angakuthandizeni

Latsopano la Russia, malingana ndi kuwerengera, moyo pafupifupi 12 miliyoni anthu ndi impairments osiyana kumva. Yowawa ya kumva ndi anthu kwambiri zinachitikira kumva imfa angapo mavuto mu moyo wabwinobwino tsiku. Izi zimasokoneza luso lawo komanso kugwira nawo moyo pagulu. Makamaka kungasokoneze makhalidwe a kumaonekera anthu amene amabadwa ndi kumva bwinobwino, ndipo kenako chifukwa zochitika zina wogontha kwathunthu, kapena kumva anagwa zikuchepa.

zothandizira kumva anapangidwa kwa anthu osamva. odwala ambiri ntchito, koma nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito amapereka kwenikweni. Pankhani ya sensorineural odwala kumva imfa zingathandize cochlear analili. Kumvetsa mmene ntchito, choyamba muoneni mmene khutu ntchito ndi chifukwa chake timamva, komanso mwachidule mitundu ya kumva imfa.

N'chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kumva?

phokoso anatenga kudzera lakunja ndi makutu pakati. Sound yoweyula kugwedera kumabweretsa likalowa m'makutu a. Ndiponso, transmits kugwedera ichi ndi unyolo ossicles Makutu - nyundo, Chipala ndi stirrup.

Kuyambira stapes, umene uli kumapeto kwa unyolo wa ossicles pakati khutu kunjenjemerako pochitika kuti patsekeke wa khutu lamkati. Iwo ali mawonekedwe a nkhono ndi wodzazidwa ndi madzi. Mu M'mimbamo iyi pali chipangizo tsitsi maselo kutembenuza Phokoso makina ku zikhumbo mitsempha. nyemba izi kwa ubongo ndi mitsempha Makutu, pali mapangidwe ndi maganizo a chifanizo phokoso, timamva.

N'chifukwa chiyani kumva imfa?

Kumva vuto lina lilonse, ngati panthawi ina mapangidwe chisokonezo phokoso zinachitika. Choncho ngati irreversibly kuonongeka maselo tsitsi chipangizo cha khutu mumtima chifukwa cha kuvulala kapena matenda akufotokozera ugonthi wathunthu. Zimakhala postlingvalnoy ngati mwana kale anaphunzira kuti nthawi ya ugonthi kapena prelingvalnoy - ngati mawu iye sanabadwe katswiri.

Mitundu ya imfa kumva

Makamaka imfa ndi gulu zawo anatsimikiza malingana ndi mmene, malo, ndi isanayambike ugonthi.

Malinga ndi digiri ya kumva imfa anawagawa okwana ugonthi ndiponso kumva imfa, ngati pali maganizo a mawu, koma ndi kovuta. Kumva imfa ndiyo:

• sensorineural;
• conductive;
• losanganikirana.

Sensorineural chifukwa kumva mavuto chifukwa chophwanya mu khutu lamkati komanso Makutu mitsempha conduction. Mlingo wa kuwonongeka zimasiyanasiyana wofatsa kumaliza ugonthi.

Conductive kumva imfa kumachitika chifukwa mavuto nawo mu kunja kapena pakati khutu, chifukwa chimene Phokoso madutsidwe phokoso ndi osweka pamfundo analandira si imachitika kwa khutu lamkati. Izi zikhoza kuonongeka likalowa m'makutu, sulfuric chivindikiro, etc.

Pa zaka isanayambike mavuto zimenezi zingakhale:

• kubadwa;
• prelingvalnye;
• postlingvalnye.

Kutanthauzira ugonthi akhoza anagawira mu khutu limodzi kapena onse awiri, ndiye, umatchedwa binaural kumva imfa.

Zikuonetsa kuti implantation cochlear

Cochlear implantation zikusonyezedwa milandu zotsatirazi:

1. Ndi chakuya amaganiza sensorineural ugonthi.
2. Pa otsika maganizo pakhomo pa nkhani ya zipangizo zomvetsera ndi binaural chithandizo kumva.
3. Popeza kulankhula maganizo pa nkhani ya optimally anasankha zothandizira kumva kwa miyezi itatu, ndi amgwirizano kwambiri sensorineural kumva imfa.
4. Popeza mavuto chidziwitso (matenda a ntchito maganizo a khalidwe osiyana).
5. Popeza mavuto maganizo.
6. Popeza zosiyanasiyana matenda somatic.

Contraindications ndi zofooka

Mtundu wa analili ndi operewera pa nkhani ya kumva imfa zinachitika chifukwa cha neuritis ya mitsempha Makutu kapena magazi mu kanthawi kapena kulepheretsa Lobe ubongo. Cochlear implantation mu milandu Sindizakubweretsanso zotsatira ankafuna.

Iwo safuna m'lingaliro kuchita opaleshoni ngati cochlear calcification (mpweya salt kashiamu) kapena ossification ake (fupa kumera).

Cochlear implantation sizimatanthauza ngati odwala ndi kumva imfa kwa nthawi yaitali (zaka) amakhala chete mtheradi. Pankhaniyi, opaleshoni wosatenga zotsatira anakhumba chifukwa chakuti yaitali kupanda kukondoweza kwa Makutu nthambi mitsempha manja ndipo sangathe anachira.

Komanso, contraindications monga:

• Kutupa khutu pakati.
• Pamaso pa perforation wa likalowa m'makutu a.
• Safety ndi udindo ntchito maselo tsitsi, amene anatsimikiza ndi njira mpweya otoacoustic.
• Pamene prelingvalnoy ugonthi - m'badwo wa mwana pa zaka 6.
• Pamene postlingvalnoy ugonthi - Kulalikira Ogontha nthawi zambiri zachibadwa nthawi kumva chosatha.

Kodi analili cochlear?

dongosolo imakhala ndi mbali ziwiri zimene cholukanalukana ndi njira iliyonse thupi si chikugwirizana. gawo limodzi amamangiriridwa mu khutu lakunja ndi imakhala cholankhulira ndi purosesa (mu zitsanzo ano amaphatikizidwa), komanso chopatsilira, amene anaphatikiza khungu, ngati maginito. Gawo lachiwiri - mkati, ndipo ndi wolandila. Iwo chili mu fupa mwakanthawi. Kwenikweni, wolandirayo ndi kukhazikitsa opaleshoni - implantation wa cochlear.

Kodi dongosolo ntchito?

maikolofoni A wokwera kumbuyo khutu lakunja amanyamula phokoso ndi akuwatumiza kwa purosesa kulankhula, ili mu malo omwewo. The purosesa analandira phokoso ndi ndiyotengera ndi n'kukhala zikhumbo magetsi. Iwo anapitiriza kudzera chopatsilira ndi Ufumuyo pa khungu amaperekedwa ndi wolandila ili mu fupa mwakanthawi. Kuyambira pamenepo pa elekitirodi mu cochlea iwo kuchita ndi kuchita pa mwauzimu ganglion ya mitsempha Makutu. Choncho wodwala amatha kudziwa phokoso.

mtengo wa

Total mtengo wa analili cochlear kafukufuku ndi opaleshoni ndipo postoperative kudzudzulidwa anatsimikiza mwachindunji wodwala aliyense. chiwerengero cha chiphasochi chofunika zimadalira mbiri ndi dokotala wodwala matenda ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, odwala ndi mbiri amene anali meninjaitisi, kwenikweni anatumizidwa maginito kumveka kulingalira, amene adzaona udindo wa mafupa mwakanthawi. Odwala ena Kupenda choncho waived. Komanso, nthawi zina (osati onse) amafuna upo zachibadwa kapena matenda okhudza ubongo. Izi zonse zimakhudza mmene ndalama amadzala cochlear. mtengo wake ndi pafupifupi a dongosolo la 1 miliyoni 300 rubles. Koma nzika za la Russia, ntchito izi zikhoza kutheka kwaulere pansi kuumba lapansi.

Mtengo wa m'chipatala ndi m'chipatala linaperekedwa mosiyana ndi zimadalira mitengo mabungwe osankhidwa.

chiphasochi zofunika ndi opareshoni

1. Kasamalidwe ENT.
2. otonevrologa azichiona.
3. surdopedagogs azichiona.
4. Audiometry.
5. Impedancemetry.
6. Promontorialny mayeso.
7. Otoacoustic mpweya.
8. Makutu zachititsa Zoyenereza.
9. Yopangidwa tomography mafupa mwakanthawi.
10. Standard zasayansi mayesero monga opaleshoni iliyonse (kusanthula ambiri mayesero magazi ndi mkodzo, shuga magazi, magazi amuzolengedwa Kupenda).

ntchito amatenga pafupifupi 1.5 maola. analili The chili m'dera la fupa zosatha kumbuyo khutu, ndipo maelekitirodi ndi anadzetsa cochlea lapansi. Komanso unachitikira Mavalidwe ndi sutures amachotsedwa mu masiku 7-10.

Kuyatsa dongosolo akhoza kukhala masabata 3-5. The kusintha choyamba akhoza kukhala palibe kale kuposa mwezi umodzi pambuyo opaleshoni. Nkofunika naye mwaulemu, ndipo musati chifukwa wodwalayo maganizo kubwerera naye ku dziko la phokoso.

Mukhozanso gawo cochlear amadzala m'makutu onse nthawi imodzi. Pankhaniyi, mbali kuika osiyana palokha dongosolo cochlear. Survey ndi nthawi konzanso ndi amodzi mu implantation unilateral.

konzanso

Pambuyo opaleshoni, "cochlear amadzala" konzanso ndi chofunika kwambiri. Pambuyo mawu purosesa chikugwirizana, ziyenera bwino akonzedwa ndi kudzaphunzitsa wodwala kuzindikira phokoso ndi kuzindikira kumva kotero kuti akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kuti mudziwe kuti chitukuko cha mawu. Konzanso amatenga gawo lofunika kwambiri, zovuta ndi yaitali.

Kukumana ndi chiwalo chimene andichita wodwala kumathandiza gulu lonse la akatswiri, womwenso otohirurgi, surdopedagogs, audiologists, zamaganizo. Makalasi pa njira yapadera ndi kuleza ikukonzekera gawo, komanso upo akatswiri onsewa. M'tsogolo, iwo ayenera kusamala mu moyo wa wodwalayo. Komanso, purosesa kulankhula adzakhala nthawi ayenera reprogrammed.

Zothandizira kumva. mitengo

Kwa anthu ndi mlingo wochepa nzeru phokoso zachitika zipangizo zambiri - kumva amene angathandize kuti azolowere malo achitukuko. BTE zothandizira kumva, amene ali wokwera kumbuyo khutu, ndipo-- iwo anayikidwa mu ngalande khutu wodwalayo ndipo anapangidwa kuyitanitsa. Panopa pa malonda ndi zitsanzo yadigito.

Komanso, pali CIC zothandizira kumva. Iwo zili mu ngalande khutu ochepa kukula ndipo pafupifupi wosaoneka kwa ena. Koma zipangizo amenewa contraindicated kwa ana osaposera zaka 12.

Mtengo wa zothandizira kumva zimasiyanasiyana, koma ndi ochepa. Izi zinathandiza ambiri odwala ntchito zothandizira kumva. Mitengo angakwanitse ndithu. Choncho, zitsanzo BTE zikhoza kugulidwa ku 4,5 17 chikwi. Rubles. In-zipangizo ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri.

Chithandizo cha imfa kumva

Ngati muli ndi kumva imfa, chithandizo kudzadalira zifukwa iye adali Kuitanidwa. Mwa njira zotheka:

1. Kuchotsa cerumen - zimenezi kudzera mwa kutsuka zina amagwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera.
2. Ntchito zothandizira kumva. Komanso BTE, achimowabu ndi glubokokanal'nykh, zothandizira kumva zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, wokwera mu eyeglass chimango kapena thumba, komanso headband, ndipo ngakhale mu maonekedwe a ndolo. Chimene munthu zigwirizane wodwala makamaka, kufunsa munthu audiologist.
3. amadzala Cochlear - iwo atchulidwa m'nkhaniyi.

Kupewa imfa kumva

Kumva imfa bwino zimayamba ndi matenda, iwo amagwira ntchito ku malo aphokoso kapena kukhala nthawi yaitali pamalo phokoso. Kumva mwina ndichepe, ndi chifukwa kusintha zaka.

Ngati ntchito chikugwirizana ndi phokoso kupanga izo tikulimbikitsidwa kuntchito ntchito Zomverera kapena zina zamakono kuti adziteteze mokweza phokoso, monga wapadera khutu mapulagi.

Zonse zifunike kumva anthu onse obwera ndi yaitali mu malo phokoso. Izi zidzathandiza kudziwa kumva imfa oyambirira ndi nthawi kuchitapo kanthu pofuna imfa zina kumva ndi kumva imfa kapena kusamva.

Pewani phokoso kwambiri mokweza pa maholide ndipo musamvere nyimbo mokweza kwambiri, kapena nthawi kuti azipumira.