Chomera saladi: mitundu, kulima, zothandiza katundu

Kodi inu munazindikira chikhalidwe zimathandiza kuthana ndi zovuta nthawi m'malo akumane Mwachitsanzo, kugwirizana ndi masika beriberi! Kuthana nazo, iye analenga masamba chodabwitsa (ngakhale ambiri amaganiza kuti therere izi) - saladi.

Izi ndi mofulumira kukula pachaka chomera - m'nkhokwe weniweni wa zakudya. Bzalani letesi ndi yofunika yokongola ndi wolimba womuyenerera kukoma mbale aliyense nsomba, tchizi, nyama, masamba. Nkofunika kuti chikhalidwe akhoza kukhala wamkulu mwa chaka, osati m'chaka ndi chilimwe, ngakhale pa pawindo khitchini. Chilimwe anthu amene anasonkhana kukolola koyamba athanso kuyamba kukonzanso seeding.

Pakali pano, pali mitundu oposa mazana awiri a chikhalidwe chodabwitsa, ndi obereketsa kupitiriza kugwira ntchito kwa chilengedwe cha mitundu yatsopano, hybrids, komanso pa latsopano wamtali. Iwo chidwi kwambiri kukula, koma muyenera kudziwa zina mwa zinthu.

Mitundu ndi mitundu

Letesi wobiriwira pepala - ndi wamkulu masamba chikhalidwe, zomwe wa mtundu Lactuca. Panopa, mitundu oposa mazana awiri pali mu dziko, amene amasiyana mawonekedwe, kulawa, mtundu, kucha, ngakhale zaka zingapo zapitazo mu masamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ena a iwo, oposa awiri khumi. Mu dziko lathu kufalitsidwa wapadera ndi kutchuka ndi mtundu Lactuca satival. Umapezeka Asia Minor, Southern ndi Europe Central.

Kufesa letesi zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu asanu:

• onenepa;
• pepala;
• letisi Aroma;
• mapulaniwo;
• madzi oundana.

Saladi wobiriwira tsamba ndi tsamba yekha Rosette mutu akuwonekera. Mwa kudya masamba. Mu mtundu uwu mitundu ndi kagawo zoipa ndi notched ndi masamba. Ku mitundu ina ndi osiyana nthawi yakucha angapo.

Mtundu salola yosungirako yaitali mayendedwe yaitali. The mitundu yofala zotsatirazi: udindo winanso, Golden mpira, Kitaro, Constance, Levistro, Concord ndi ena.

Letesi: letesi

mtundu yonseyi ikhonza kuikidwa mu magulu awiri.

madzi oundana

letesi masamba kupanga mutu zolimba, chokhala kabichi. Letesi ntchito monga chakudya pambuyo yochepa kutentha mankhwala, ndi mawonekedwe yaiwisi, ntchito yokonza saladi masamba. Yophika masamba ali wangwiro kuphika kabichi.

pepala

zosinthika Izi si kupanga mutu, ali ndi ufulu kubwereketsa. Today mitundu otchuka monga Lollo-Biondo ndi Lollo Rosso (matanthwe).

arugula

Ndithu posachedwapa zatchuka kwambiri (mu dziko lathu). Iye anayamba kutchula otchuka mapulogalamu zophikira zonse zili pafupifupi saladi onse.

Arugula - saladi ntchito zomwe akhala zatsimikiziridwa ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi. mtundu limakula zidutswa osiyana, ndipo maonekedwe akufanana masamba ndi dandelion kapena wobiriwira radish. Kukoma kwa saladi izi yowala kwambiri, zokometsera wotentha. Chakudya ntchito masamba achinyamata, chifukwa patapita nthawi, imene kuwawa pamaoneka.

Mu Caucasus, zambiri onse ntchito roketi (saladi). Ntchito zanthete ndi mbewu akhala anawona kuphika. mphukira amadyedwa zatsopano, ndipo mbewu ntchito yokonza mpiru. masamba arugula ali mwangwiro amaphatikiza saladi ndi tomato ndi Parmesan tchizi. Arugula amagwilitsidwa ntchito yokonza ndi pesto odziwika ndi wokondedwa ndi mchere ambiri.

zothandiza zimatha

Arugula kuli ndi ubwino pa kapepala m'mimba chifukwa cha kupanga gawo la mbewu biologically yogwira. Mpiru udzu diuretic ndi zotsatira laktogonnymi. Iye bwinobwino kumenyana nayo mavairasi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kumawonjezera mlingo wa hemoglobin m'magazi, kumalimbitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi, Sachita shuga.

chicory

Musadabwe, izi mosapeneka chicory yemweyo, amene ali bwino kuti ambiri m'malo khofi. Koma chifukwa chaichi muzu wa mbewu, ndi stewed mu masamba mafuta kupereka mbale aliyense kukoma zokometsera.

Kochan mitundu ya chicory - Red Radicchio ndi Batavian, Radichchio, Chitaliyana chicory - wakula zolinga zophikira. Mtundu uli wotchuka kwambiri makamaka ku Ulaya.

radicchio

Chomera (letesi) Radicchio ali wokongola ofiirira mtundu. The zimayambira utoto mtundu njovu. Iwo ali peppery zabwino, pang'ono owawa kukoma. Izo zimapita bwino ndi masamba lakuthwa masamba. Imakhala ndi chimveke ndi adyo, thyme, anyezi. Wake stewed mu mafuta pang'ono kapena vinyo wofiira chisanafike kuwaza masamba mu n'kupanga woonda.

Radicchio ali zotsatira zopindulitsa pa dongosolo m'mimba ndipo amapereka elasticity Mitsempha.

saladi onenepa

Mtundu ukufanizidwa ndi sukulu ndi lonse, ofooka notched mbale ndi m'mphepete wavy. Tsinde aphimbidwa negrubeyuschimi masamba lalikulu. Pa kumwamba angafikire masentimita makumi asanu ndi atatu. Zosiyanasiyana mtundu uwu wabwino kuti ali oyenera pa kuyeretsa pang'onopang'ono. Poyamba, kudula masamba kunja, mkati (achinyamata) kusiya kukula m'tsogolo.

chigwa

Mid-kalasi, nyengo kukula ndi za makumi asanu. Rosette lalikulu (m'mimba mwake pafupifupi masentimita makumi asanu). Letesi anthocyanin, wavy, kwambiri makolokoto. Misa kubwereketsa magalamu seveni handiredi. Zosiyanasiyana kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri a letesi. Kukoma ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi mitundu Kochan, koma amapulumutsa yaitali ulaliki ndi kutsitsimuka.

Tsinde letesi (katsitsumzukwa)

Bzalani tsinde letesi ali ndi tsinde minofu, monga pansipa kubwereketsa, masamba wokongola amphamvu, ndi midrib loonetsa. Mu kuphika, ntchito masamba ndi zomera, ndi tsinde. Woyamba m'banja la mtundu tsinde letesi - musher. Ali masamba imvi wobiriwira, elliptical woboola pakati, a makulidwe sing'anga, chilili. Tsinde kutalika pafupifupi makumi masentimita, pepala - masentimita makumi atatu, kulemera bowo limodzi pa magalamu mazana asanu, makumi asanu. The zosiyanasiyana umabala mkulu zokolola zinthu zonse nyengo.

kabichi letesi

Mtundu ukufanizidwa ndi mitundu ndi crispy, kwamafuta masamba kapangidwe yovuta. Cabbages chonse kapena lathyathyathya chonse m'makulidwe osiyanasiyana. Masamba yotakata, anamaliza, kuwira. Popular mitundu: mkulu, Kazembe, MCC Laravera, Major, Voorburg, maliboni. Etti.

Sen.

Oyambirira kukhwima zosiyanasiyana, nyengo kukula - za masiku makumi asanu. Mafomu lalikulu, kuzungulira, pang'ono flattened mawonekedwe, mdima wobiriwira mkulu-kachulukidwe cabbages. Ali kukoma kwambiri, izo amapereka mkulu zokolola, undemanding kwa zinthu kukula.

letisi

Crispy Romaine (Aroma kapena saladi) kumabweretsa pamodzi ena atsogoleri a mitundu kabichi. mtundu uwu ali ndi kubwereketsa vertically mofatsa. Obratnoovalnye masamba, elongated, penapake nkhanza. Pakati pa Rosette ndi ananamizira lalikulu, lotayirira, chowulungika mutu. Pali mitundu ndi polukochannye. Mu Russia, wotchuka kwambiri zokoma, katundu Roger Mishutka, Limpopo.

Mutu lotayirira ndi elongate Romain anapanga chongopeka. Iye yosamalika. Nthawi zambiri chodyetsa m'dzinja yokolola. Fesani ikuchitika m'ma July, mu mabokosi kuswana. About anayi masabata pambuyo mphukira kuoneka, mbewu ndi kuziika kwa bedi.

Kukula letesi kutchire n'zotheka, ngati pa nthawi ya mabedi kubzala kumasulidwa. Mtunda pakati pa tchire wa masentimita osachepera khumi.

zothandiza zimatha

Malinga ndi ochititsa mavitamini saladi mbewu ndi imodzi mwa malo otsogolera pakati pa masamba. masamba Lili:

• mavitamini B (thiamin, riboflavin ndi pyridoxine;
• tocopherol;
• carotene;
• folic acid.

Komanso, mu saladi zikuphatikizapo zinthu mchere:

• potaziyamu;
• kashiamu;
• mankhwala enaake a;
• phosphorous.

Kukula letesi kutchire

mitundu masamba ndi zofesedwa m'munda kumayambiriro May, pa intervals wa pafupi twente masiku, mpaka August. Mu May, amachita ntchito monga kusindikiza chikhalidwe: kubzala mbewu pakati pa tchire wa tomato ndi zina kutentha wachikondi masamba. Saladi nthawi kukula patsogolo chikhalidwe zazikulu kukula. Woyera letesi masiku makumi asanu pambuyo kufesa, pamene chomera limapezeka masamba asanu. Tikumbukenso kuti iwo ndi chokoma ndi zothandiza ngakhale kufika malonda kukhwima.

Woyera kubzala letesi ayenera kukhala m'mawa, pambuyo mame wauma, pamene amasonkhana ndi pazipita kuchuluka kwa zakudya mu masamba. Saladi, limene lakonzedwa kuti yosungirako, simungathe ayeretse pambuyo kuthirira - pomenya pakati chinyezi kubwereketsa ayenera youma mpaka nthawi monga mmera osati kudula. Apo ayi, masamba yonyowa mwamsanga iwonongeke.

Kochan mitundu afesedwa pa nthawi yofanana ndi pepala la. Koma iwo ayenera danga. mtundu sangakhale kusindikiza chikhalidwe. Kochan kalasi awiri woonda pa kulima: pamene pali awiri tsamba weniweni, m'pofunika kusiya mtunda pakati pa mbande ya masentimita asanu, mu masabata asanu ndi limodzi la mtunda pakati pa malo ogulitsira ziwonjezeke kwa masentimita twente-faifi. Kukonza mitu ikuchitika mwa masiku makumi asanu ndi atatu pambuyo zikamera. Saladi zasungidwa wabwino ndi wautali kuposa tsamba.