Chofunika kwambiri chaka chilichonse. Zitsanzo za ntchito mu ulimi ndi kukongola kwa malo

Pali mbewu, ndiwo zamasamba ndi zokongola zomwe zimayambira ndi kutha moyo wawo pa nyengo yokula. Ichi ndi gulu lalikulu ndi lofunikira la zamoyo - zomera za pachaka. Zitsanzo: Zakudya zambiri (tirigu, rye), nyemba (nyemba, soya), masamba ndi mavwende (phwetekere, nkhaka, dzungu, mavwende). Kodi ndi chaka chiti? Kuti tipeze yankho, tidzakhala ndi makalata oyendetsa makalata m'minda ndi minda, kuti tidziwe zamasamba ndi zachilendo, maluwa, zonunkhira ndi udzu wolimba.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana

Anthu amagwiritsa ntchito zamoyo zambiri zomwe zimakhala pansi. Oyandikana nawo pa dziko lapansi ndi algae wobiriwira, mosses, spore apamwamba, zomera zakufa ndi zowona. Anthu amafunikira magulu onsewa, amapeza mafakitale, zaulimi, zakudya, madokotala, amazindikira komanso amawoneka bwino.

Pakati pa oimira zomerazo ndi zomera zosatha, zabwino komanso za pachaka. Zitsanzo:

• Zakudya zosatha: apulo, pichesi, mphesa, mandimu ndi zina zitsamba, lianas ndi mitengo.
• Zomera za Biennial: woyera kabichi, turnips, beets, kaloti, mtundu wa violet.
• Zowonjezera: phwetekere, tsabola, basamu, chowawa, St. John's wort, chamomile, aster.

Kutalika kwa moyo

Malinga ndi nyengo ndi zolima, nthawi yamoyo ya zomera ndi zokongola zimasiyana. Ngati nyengo ili yovuta, ndiye kuti kukula kwa masamba, maluwa ndi udzu kungakhale kochepa pa nyengo imodzi ya zomera.

M'minda ndi mabedi a m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia, gulu lalikulu la osatha limakula ngati zomera za pachaka: asters, mafuta a mkango, katemera wa Turkish, nasturtium, petunia, verbena, lobelia. Izi mokongola maluwa kukongoletsa zikhalidwe sadzakhala moyo frosty yozizira.

Mitundu yambiri yokhala ndi mizu imakula kwa chaka chimodzi. Kotero, udzu winawake ndi parsley mu nyengo yoyamba imapanga rosette wa masamba owopsa, ndipo m'chaka chachiwiri pachimake.

Zaka zambiri zimagwira ntchito yofunikira pa zakudya, kupanga ndi mankhwala. Zitsanzo: tirigu wozizira, soya, thonje, mpiru, flamande, calendula. Pambuyo maluwa, mapangidwe a zipatso ndi mbeu, pamwamba ndi pansi pansi zimamwalira, ndi mbewu zokha zomwe zimatengedwa ndi mphepo, madzi, nyama ndi munthu zimasungidwa.

Kodi zomera za pachaka ndi ziti? Zitsanzo

Ndi kusasunthika kwa zomera kupita ku malo atsopano, milandu yodziwika bwino ikugwirizanitsidwa. Plantain wochokera ku Ulaya "anapita" ku America komweko komanso matope a nsapato za azungu. Aborigines amatchedwa masamba akuluakulu obiriwira "maonekedwe a woyera."

Kumapeto kwa zaka za XVII mu mbalame yowakulungidwa, udzu wochuluka, wochokera kunja kwa dziko la Ulaya ndi chomera chokhazikika chaka chilichonse - Canada ya petrel. Patapita nthawi, udzu umenewu unafalikira ku maiko ambiri a ku Ulaya ndi Asia, omwe amapezeka ku Far East.

Pali zomera zomwe ziri zoopsa ku umoyo wa anthu ndi ulimi, mwachitsanzo, chowawa chowombera. Mbalame ya maluwa ang'onoang'ono a nondescript amachititsa kuti munthu asatenge mphutsi komanso amatha kupweteka, mbewu zimayambitsa mbewu. Kulimbirana ndi ambrosia n'kovuta, chifukwa mphukira imodzi chaka chilichonse kuchokera ku 180 000 mpaka 300,000 mbeu yakucha, imanyamula kutalika.

Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chaka mu ulimi

Kutentha kwa nyengo, mvula yam'mlengalenga m'madera akumidzi a Eurasia ndi North America amachepetsa zomera zomwe zimalima. Kulima m'madera amenewa n'kotheka pa malo obiriwira ndi kutentha. Mu nyengo yoziziritsa, mumatha kukula tirigu, masamba ndi masamba. Mkanda wolimbitsa thupi ndizomwe zimachokera ku Ulaya ku Asia, gawo lalikulu pakati pa North America. Kwa ulimi wamakono m'madera amenewa, mbewu, nyemba, mbewu zamakono ndi masamba ndi mavwende amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kum'mwera kwa dera lotentha komanso m'madera otentha, mitundu yambiri ya ulimi imalimidwa. Izi ndi chimanga, mpunga, thonje, tsabola wokoma, biringanya, mavwende, vwende. Phindu lalikulu kwa mafakitale ndi chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mafuta, mafuta oyenera ndi zomera zokometsera pachaka, omwe maina awo amadziwika bwino. Uwu ndi mpendadzuwa, amaranth, mpiru, kugwiriridwa, anise, oregano, chowawa, tchire.

Zokongoletsera annuals - a kupeza kwa florist ndi chilimwe wokhalamo

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu horticulture, malo okongoletsera, zokongola maluwa ndi kukongoletsa-deciduous annuals. Zomerazi ndizoyenera kudula - chifukwa bouquets ndi madengu atsopano maluwa, zokongola nyimbo. Kumverera bwino pa flowerbeds, mu zitsulo ndi maluwa a maluwa okongoletsa makonde, petunias ndi zazikulu zazikulu maluwa.

Marigolds, zinnias ndi asters nthawi zina amatha kupambana ndi maluwa ndi zazikulu za inflorescences. Mabala ndi kochis amasangalala ndi mitundu yatsopano ya masamba. Zimphona pakati pa zaka zapakati ndi zapakati zapakati pazomera - mafuta opangira mafuta ndi amaranth; Kutalika kwa zitsanzo za munthu aliyense zimatha kufika mamita awiri.

Zakale zodzikongoletsera zomera pamabedi a maluwa ndi muli

Njira yaikulu yomwe zomera zimapangika chaka ndi chaka ndizokuti okonza mapulani amatha kunena kuti akhoza kusintha mtundu wa makina, komanso zizindikiro zina zofunika za mabedi, chaka chilichonse. Mitengo ya pachaka imathandiza kwambiri kulengedwa kwa mabedi a maluwa osiyanasiyana, maluwa, broccoli, mixborders ndi curbs.

Zitsanzo zowonjezeka pamapangidwe a malo ndi chaka: petunia. Astra, tagetes kapena marigold, antirrinum kapena snapdragon, ageratum, helenium, arctotis, cynia, gypsophila graceful, calendula, kukongoletsa kabichi, rudbeckia.

M'chikhalidwe cha kumudzi, chomera cha pachaka kapena cha biennial calceolaria chimakhala chotchuka. Mu miphika, muli ndi miphika yapakati, maluwa okongola a lobelia, nasturtiums, tunbergia motsutsana ndi maziko a zokoma zimayambira ndi masamba obiriwira amawoneka okongola. Pakati pa zomera zapachaka pali zonunkhira: gillyflowers, fodya wokoma bwino, reseda, nandolo zabwino. Mankhwala ndi ochenjera, echinacea.

Zowonjezera zimakhala zosavuta kukula kuchokera ku mbewu, mbande za zomera izi zimakhala bwino pamene zimachokera ku greenhouses ndi zitsulo kumalo otseguka.