Chiwerengero cha Udmurtia: kukula ndi osalimba. Anthu zakwawoko wa Udmurtia

Mliliwu Urals ndi wapadera dera ndi chikhalidwe wapadera ndi mbiri - Udmurtia. chiwerengero cha anthu m'maderawa ikuchepa lero, kutanthauza kuti pali kuopseza imfa ya amenewa yachilendo anthropological chodabwitsa monga Udmurts. Tiuzeni za mikhalidwe imene anthu amakhala m'chigawo, kodi ndi makhalidwe ake ndipo kodi chiwerengero cha dziko.

malo Hrs

Mu kum'mawa kwa Europe ndi ku Asia, ndi khamu la mapiri a Ural, ili Udmurt Republic. kumalire dera ndi Bashkiria, Tatarstan, Kirov dera ndi Perm dera. Republic Square - 42 zikwi mamita lalikulu. Km, ndi 57 malo mu Russia mu mawu a m'deralo. Udmurtia ili pa East European Plain, ndipo izi anatsimikiza mtima zimachititsa chilumbachi ake, makamaka mosabisa ndi mapiri pang'ono. The dera wolemera kwambiri mu zinthu za m'madzi, kumene pafupifupi 30 zikwi makilomita mitsinje Kama ndi Vyatka beseni. dziko chimakhala chogwidwa ndi dothi sod-podzolic, amene ali chifukwa leaching wa topsoil akufunika feteleza ntchito zipatso za ulimi. Chiwerengero cha Udmurtia zaka atengere malo ake m'mayiko ambirimbiri ndiponso kuphunzira mmene kuchotsa phindu pazipita kwa izo. Kukhala pafupifupi pakati pa Russia walola dziko kupeza malo ake mu malonda ndi zoyendera mgwirizano pakati pa zigawo.

nyengo

Udmurtia lili pakati pa kulalikira, kutali ndi nyanja ndi nyanja, ndipo anatsimikiza nyengo yake - amtengo chokhala. Pachaka avareji kutentha m'dera madigiri 1.5 Celsius. Apa pali tingachipeze powerenga kwa chapakati Russia seasonality. Ndi nyengo yachisanu, amene kumatenga pafupifupi 5 miyezi, osati otentha yotentha atatu. Mwezi yotentha - July, pamene ndime ya thermometer limatuluka kuti avareji madigiri 19 Celsius. Zima kumayambira m'ma November, gulu lomwelo la chisanu. Zima zonse anali subzero kutentha, ndi thermometer usiku angasonyeze ndi opanda 25. Chilimwe akuyamba kumapeto May ndipo itha September oyambirira. Mu July, mlengalenga zikhoza kutenthetsa digiri 23. kugwera mu dziko kwambiri mvula - 600 mamilimita pa chaka. Nthawi wettest ndi chilimwe ndi kugwa. Chiwerengero cha Udmurtia ananena kuti pali nyengo yabwino - palibe frosts kwambiri ndi kutentha sweltering wa nthawi yotentha amalola kukula mbewu zofunika ang'onoang'ono.

utsogoleri magawano

Anthu amakhala Udmurtia 25 m'maboma a kayendetsedwe ndi mizinda 5 subordination Republican. Likulu la Republic - Izhevsk. M'madera a dziko midzi 310 ndi mzinda wina - Kambarka. Pankhani iliyonse m'chigawo ali woyang'anira yake, amene inanena kuti mutu wa Republic.

Chiwerengero cha Udmurtia ndi mphamvu zake

Popeza 1926 ndi okhazikika kuyan'anila chiwerengero cha anthu. Kenako mu Udmurtia anakhala anthu 756.000. Mu Soviet Union ndi mabwalo kusiyana likunena, zimene zinachititsa kuti mphamvu zabwino chiwerengero cha anthu. Mu 1941 ndinkakhala pano kale anthu mamiliyoni 1.1. Zaka nkhondo zachititsa kuti kuchepa anthu miliyoni. Koma mu zaka wotsatira, Udmurtia mwachangu limakula anthu atsopano. Mu 1993, panali anthu mamiliyoni 1,624 m'chigawo. Zaka kusintha ndi kusintha mwabweretsa ndi mabvuto, ndi Udmurtia amayamba kutaya anthu. Pakali pano, dziko silingathe kusintha makhalidwe kunsi kwa chiwerengero cha anthu. Panopa Udmurtia ali anthu oposa 1.5 miliyoni.

makhalidwe a anthu

Udmurtia - kawirikawiri kwa dera Russian kumene kuchuluka kwa anthu amene amadziona Russian, poyerekeza ndi madera ena. chiwerengero Russian pano ndi 62%, Udmurt - 28%, Chitata - za 7% (as a 2010). The mitundu ina ankaimira zosakwana 1%.

Udmurtia anthu chimasiyana m'madera ambiri ndi chikhulupiriro chawo. Anthu zakwawoko derali anali achikunja. Patapita zaka 13-14, ali ndi mphamvu Islam. Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 16 anayamba zoyesayesa woyamba kufalitsa Chikhristu m'mayiko amenewa. Patapita zaka 18-19 Orthodoxy anapatsa miyeso apolisi chabe. Anthu alibe kukana akuoneka, koma anapitiriza kuchita chikunja. Ndi kubwera kwa Soviet Union anayamba kuzunza zipembedzo zonse, imbaenda chisamaliro achipembedzo ku periphery derali. Ndi chiyambi cha perestroika funde la chikumbumtima dziko likutuluka, ndi iwo amayamba nthawi ya chipembedzo kufufuza zovuta. Today, 33% ya anthu amanena Orthodox, 29% amadziona kukhala okhulupirira, koma iwo sangakhoze kusankha chipembedzo, 19% sakhulupirira Mulungu.

Mtendere wa chiyembekezo chitukuko manambala m'maderawa kwambiri nkhani. Woyamba kubadwa ndi imfa. Mu Udmurtia, mlingo kubadwa pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezeka ndipo imfa amakhalabe pafupifupi sichinasinthe. Moyo amayembekezeka zikuchulukirachulukira pang'ono avareji zaka 70. M'dera pali kusamuka zoipa, ndiko kuti, akutaya pang'ono la anthu ake.

anthu a m'dziko

mtundu wa Udmurtia - anthu zakwawoko wa Udmurtia - anatchula m'mbiri ya 5 m'ma BC. Mafuko m'deralo pakati pa Volga ndi Kama, analankhula chinenero cha chinenero Finno-Ugric banja ndi Chili majini wa mitundu yambiri. Koma maziko mapangidwe a fuko anayamba macaws, mitundu ina anawonjezera genotype ndi chikhalidwe cha Udmurts. Lero, ndi ntchito yambiri kuti akhalebe ndi kusunga mwambo chikhalidwe dziko ikuchitika Republic. Anthu ankayenera kudutsamo nthenda mavuto kabukuka kakuthandizani kuumba chikhalidwe dziko, zochitika zazikulu za amene ali kugwira ntchito mwakhama, kudzichepetsa, kuleza mtima, aulendo. Udmurt anasunga chinenerocho wawo, miyambo ndi folklore wapadera. Udmurt - mtundu kuimba. Katundu wowerengeka nyimbo ndi yaikulu, amasonyeza mbiri ndi maganizo a gulu mitundu.

Kachulukidwe ndi anthu yogawa

The dera ali ndi malo mamita lalikulu 42 chikwi. Km, ndi osalimba anthu Udmurtia ndi anthu 36 pa kilometre lalikulu. Km. Ambiri mwa Udmurts moyo m'mizinda - 68%. The mzinda waukulu ndi likulu Izhevsk m'dera ake matauni ndi kunyumba kwa anthu oposa 700 zikwi, ndi oposa 40% ya chonse cha anthu a m'deralo. Mu Republic pali chizolowezi kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu a m'midzi, omwe ndi chizindikiro kochititsa mantha kwa chuma.