Chigaza cha munthu

chigaza cha munthu ndi mafupa a mutu wake. Gawani mafupa a munthu ameneyu pa kutsogolo ndi ubongo mbali.

M'dera la ubongo mu mawonekedwe a mutu mafupa pafupi mpira. Kapangidwe ka gawo ili tichipeza awiri parietal, mazunzo, occipital, wosakhalitsa, ndipo zina ziwiri mafupa a Chigaza wa munthu. Ndi mtundu wa zinthu zonse mokwanira wandiweyani yokhota kumapeto mbale. Awa amatchedwa fupa mosabisa. ntchito yawo ndi kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha ubongo zisaonongeke.

zinthu payekha fupa mu mafupa a m'mutu likugwirizana ndi matabwa. olowa iyi akutchedwa n'kupuma. china chotulutsa mapangidwe ikuchitika m'mbali losongoka wa zinthu zoyandikana. Pankhaniyi, kudula mmodzi wa iwo zikuphatikizapo mano ena.

chigaza cha munthu mu gawo ubongo ali pamwamba ndi yosalala (mbali ndi pamwamba). M'munsi mwa ubongo yokutidwa ndi monyanyira ndi zolosera zosiyanasiyana. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti chigaza cha munthu m'dziko lino chikugwirizana ndi ulusi minofu. M'munsi alinso mipata. Kudzera mwa iwo pochitika mitsempha ndi mitsempha ya magazi. Pafupifupi pakati gawo la mafupa mutu yaikulu kutsegula (occipital), umene kugwirizana ndi ubongo ndi msana.

M'malire a kali mbali ndi patsinde pa chigaza ili Makutu orifice (kunja). Pamwamba pansi pa occipital membala fupa ali njira articular amene kugona mbali zonse za foramen magnum. Njira izi chigaza cha munthu chikugwirizana ndi fupa la msana.

Malo kutsogolo kwa mafupa a mutu kumaphatikizapo awiri dongosolo mafupa a nyengo. Zikuphatikizapo maxillary, m'mphuno, zygomatic, Palatine, ndi mafupa ena. Mandibular fupa mchitidwe si wophatikizidwa.

Mu malo kutsogolo kwa mafupa a m'mutu imakonzedwa pakamwa, mphuno ndi zitsulo diso.

Dzenje akupereka maganizo kwambiri. Mu pali diso ndi akatumba ake, mitsempha ya magazi ndi misempha.

M'mimbamo m'mphuno akutsegula yoyambirira yakutsogolo pamwamba pa mafupa mutu. Kumbuyo M'mimbamo m'mphuno chikugwirizana ndi pharynx kudzera mabowo awiri. The lamanja ndi lamanzere theka la M'mimbamo ndi popangidwa ndi partitions kugawa fupa. Mu theka lililonse la ndime m'mphuno anapanga ndi mafupa atatu.

M'mimbamo m'kamwa ndi wosiyana mphuno ndi thandizo la zinthu Palatine fupa ndi njira ya fupa maxillary. M'mbali mwa m'munsi ndi zibwano chapamwamba asagwiritse pakamwa laterally.

Chigaza anthu ali mbali chomwecho ndi mfundo za mafupa a nyama mutu. Komabe, mbali zofunika kwambiri pa mutu mafupa a anthu ndi mbali kwambiri bwino anayamba ubongo. Mu nyama, mbali zambiri kuphunzira kutsogolo.

Zinthu zimene zimapanga wakhanda chigaza cha munthu mu mkhalidwe ossification chosakwanira. Iwo wapangidwa ndi minofu connective ndi chichereŵechereŵe. Occipital, mazunzo fupa ndi zinthu zina muli zigawo zingapo. Pa m'mbali mwa miyambo ya mafupa wa a akhanda mutu opanda mano. Motero, kugwirizana wopangidwa mwa n'kupanga nembanemba connective ndipo palibe matabwa. Kumadera kumene kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino chala cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana fupa, wokulitsa Kakhungu kupanga fontanels.

Ndi chitukuko cha mwana kumachitika articulation a mafupa ena ndi mzake, mapangidwe sutures, fontanelles tchire. Choncho, pang'onopang'ono anamaliza ossification ndondomeko, kukula fupa akuyamba.

Mafupa a mutu, komanso, ndipo thupi lonse, lonse ya anthu kusintha. Choncho, ndi zaka makumi atatu, monga ulamuliro, ndondomeko overgrowing mafupa amayamba. Akafike m'badwo munthu, mano ayamba kugwa kunja ndi kutha selo imene adalikukhalamo.