Chifukwa Aral Nyanja uphwetsa: Zoyambitsa

Nyanja Aral ndi endorheic mchere nyanja ili ku Central Asia, kukhala enieni - kumalire a Uzbekistan ndi Kazakhstan. Kuyambira ndi zaka 60 Mu zaka zapitazo, mlingo wa madzi mu nyanja, komanso kukula kwake akuchepa kwambiri. Chifukwa Aral Nyanja uphwetsa? Pali zifukwa zingapo zazikulu. Asayansi amati zodabwitsazi ndi chifukwa zosangalatsa madzi zofuna zosiyanasiyana kudzera chakudya mitsinje Syr Darya ndi Amu Darya.

masamba madzi

Dziwani kuti Nyanja Aral unali wotanganidwa malo 4 pa mndandanda wa nyanja yaikulu. Koma m'kupita dziwe anayamba kuchepa mu kukula. Akukhulupirira kuti boma la nyanja ndi amene akukhudzidwa ulimi. Ndipotu, ulimi wothirira wa madera akuluakulu mbewu amafunika milingo waukulu wa madzi. Pa nthawi, Nyanja Aral ali ataphwa malire ake wapachiyambi 100 makilomita. Kudera limeneli m'dziko inasanduka chipululu chamchenga chouma. Akatswiri ali kuyesera kupeza chifukwa Aral Nyanja uphwetsa, ngati n'zotheka kuchiletsa. Ndipotu, chotero chodabwitsa ndi ngoziyo zachilengedwe.

Agriculture ndi Nyanja Aral

N'chifukwa chiyani nyanja youma mofulumira? Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti madzi amene amabwera mu njira ya mtsinje ku minda, anakhala mwa zifukwa zazikulu. Ndipotu, si nthawi zonse bwino. Nthawi madzi a mitsinje monga Syr ndi Amu kudyetsedwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndiponso mankhwala ena omwe ulimi. Chifukwa, Madamu anapanga madipoziti yeniyeni, utali umene uli pafupi 54 zikwi makilomita. Tikumbukenso kuti zipangizo monga sulphate sodium, sodium kolorayidi ndi sodium wochuluka bicarbonate, anagawira pamodzi ndi mafunde mpweya. zigawo izi achigonjetse kukula kwa mbewu za ulimi ndi masamba.

Komanso, anthu akumidzi akudwala matenda ambiri aakulu kupuma, khansa ya kum'mero ndi m'phuno, komanso magazi m'thupi ndi matenda m'mimba. Posachedwapa, milandu matenda ocular, komanso impso ndi chiwindi matenda.

madyedwe madzi ndi kuwononga chilengedwe

Kum'mawa Aral Nyanja adzauma kwathunthu. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa - izo ulimi wothirira m'ngalande kuti atenge madzi ku mitsinje. Chifukwa m'nyanja amakhala ang'onoang'ono. Ngakhale catchment lalikulu, madzi si madzi. Mu dongosolo ili ulimi wothirira ali kutalika makilomita mazana angapo. madyedwe madzi ikuchitika pa malire a maiko angapo. Mwachibadwa, zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti kutha kwa ena oimira nyama ndi zomera.

Chiwerengerochi yosavuta

Masiku ano pali mabuku ambiri pepala ndi maudindo catchy, monga "N'chifukwa chiyani Aral Nyanja uphwetsa?" Chidule cha timabuku izi chidwi, koma sapereka bwinobwino. Kuti timvetse muzu, m'pofunika kukumba mwakuya ndi Scott mu manambala enieni. Basi kotero inu mukhoza kumvetsa chifukwa Aral Nyanja uphwetsa, kaya kulepheretsanso ngati nkotheka.

Tikumbukenso kuti achire madzi ulimi wa thonje ndi ankatenthetsa iwo kwa salting anayamba ikuchitika kumayambiriro 60 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo. Zimenezi zinachitika mofulumira, ndi inflow madzi posungira ndi kwambiri yafupika. Koma pa malo chatsanulidwa ataphimbidwa ndi wosanjikiza mchere, sadzakhala kukula chilichonse.

vuto lagona kwina. Madzi abstraction m'mitsinje monga Syr Darya ndi Amu Darya anali anasonyeza isanafike kudza kwake mu ankadziwana ndi. Ndipotu, kukula kwa malo yothiriridwa kuchuluka zitatu mahekala mamiliyoni asanu. Komanso, kachitidwe ulimi wothirira ndi opanda ungwiro: ponseponse zambiri yapamwamba kwambiri, ndi salinisation dothi m'kati. Mwatsopano madzi kumafuna zambiri osati kuperekedwa mu anapezazo ndi waukuluwo. Ndicho chifukwa Aral Nyanja uphwetsa anasiya chipululu mchere. Komanso, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa dothi kwambiri yafupika zokolola thonje. Chifukwa, izi zachititsa kuti kuwonjezeka acreage. Kunyanja Aral kufika pazipita makilomita kiyubiki 110 a madzi kuchokera mabeseni mitsinje onse.

Mvumbi ndi Nyanja Aral

Osati mophweka kuyankha funso lakuti n'chifukwa chiyani adzauma Aral Sea. chithunzi limasonyeza kuti mosungiramo ali utachepa kukula basi mu zaka zingapo zapitazi, ndi zifukwa zomveka. Malinga geographers, University of Michigan, ndi pa akatswiri Aral Nyanja, atayanika dziwe chifukwa mvula zochepa. Kwa zaka zambiri, kuchuluka kwa chisanu ndi mvula kumapiri waponya kwambiri. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti kuchepa mu milingo madzi m'mitsinje.

mtsinje ukuyenda

Izo zatsimikiziridwa kuti Aral Nyanja malire fluctuated zaka zambiri. The kum'mawa kwa mosungiramo adzauma kwa nthawi yoyamba mu nthawi yathu. Zinatha zaka 600. Zonse zinayamba ndi mfundo yakuti mmodzi wa mikono ya Amu Darya Mtsinje adayamba kulongosola utuluke awo Nyanja Caspian. Mwachibadwa, zimenezi zinachititsa chakuti Nyanja Aral analandira madzi zochepa. Dziwe wakhala pang'onopang'ono yafupika kukula.

kumene kutsogolera

Tsopano anthu ambiri sadziwa kumene anazimiririka Nyanja Aral. Chifukwa nyanja adzauma? Pakuti kulipira? Pond wabwerera. Kumene yobwerera zombo, mukhoza kuona malo okwera mchenga, amene anagawa madzi mu magawo angapo: Nyanja Small - 21 Km ^3, Big Nyanja - 342 Km ^3. Komabe, izi kuwononga chilengedwe sanasiye. zochitika zake chikukulirakulirabe.

Malinga ndi akatswiri, mwamsanga pamene madzi pa Nyanja Yaikulu pang'onopang'ono kuchepa Izi zidzapangitsa ndi kuwonjezeka mu amenewa ake. Komanso mitundu ina akhoza kutha nyama zam'madzi ndi zomera. Komanso mphepo amanyamula mchere m'madera pang'onopang'ono chatsanulidwa. Ndipo zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti ndi kuwonongeka mu dongosolo nthaka.

Kodi mungasiye?

The zifukwa Aral Nyanja uphwetsa, akhala sakudziwika. Komabe, palibe wina mofulumira palibe kukonza zotsatira zake. Ndipotu kumafuna khama komanso ndalama ndalama. Ngati mupitiliza kupitiriza kumaliseche a zimbudzi m'nyanja, izo mophweka kuwasandutsa thanki Kuthetsa, omwe si oyenera ulimi. Pa nthawi, ntchito zonse liziyang'ana pa recreating madzi thupi malire.

Popeza adzauma Aral Nyanja ndi zisanathe, koma kum'mawa kwa njira ya chipulumutso chake ayenera kupita ku olimba a dongosolo zachilengedwe. M'pofunika kubwezeretsa mphamvu yake kudzikonda malamulo. Kuyamba kusintha ankafika malo mbewu zina, monga pansi pa zipatso kapena ndiwo zamasamba. Iwo amafuna zochepa chinyezi. magulu onse mu nkhani iyi ayenera kupita kwa zimayambitsa waukulu wa ngalande za Great Salt Lake. The basi pinakwanisa kupulumusa ngale buluu a ku Central Asia.