Chidwi mfundo ku moyo wa Turgenev. moyo zaka Turgenev a

ndi chiyambi cha zolembalemba, kapena aliyense luso zina ziti? Kodi mphamvu galimoto kupanga chithunzicho chiyani? Malinga ndi malamulo a dialectics, mphamvu zimenezi mitundu yonse ya zotsutsana, nthawi zambiri zobisika mu kuya kwa ndondomekoyi. Ife tione pafupi ndi wolemba zambiri odziwika bwino pa maphunziro kusukulu. ndi zina zosangalatsa ku moyo wa Turgenev ife kusamalira kupeza chiyani?

Kodi tikudziwa bwanji woyambitsa "Mumu" ndi "wolemekezeka Nest"?

Zilandiridwenso Ivana Sergeevicha Turgeneva ndi mbali yofunika ya cholowa chakale mabuku Russian za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. mabuku Ake kupitiriza kuumba maganizo a anthu Russian ali kwa zaka zana lachiwiri. Mfundo wolemba kupitiriza kukhala okhudzidwa, ndiponso zithunzi luso Musataye expressiveness awo ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka za. A mfundo zotsutsana za moyo Turgenev chidwi wa ofufuza osati za ntchito yake, koma owerenga wamba nkhani yake komanso mabuku. Ndipo mu moyo wa wolembayo anali zambiri zochitika chidwi ndi zochitika maganizo.

mfundo mbiri

Ngati inu kufotokoza mwachidule moyo wa Turgenev, woyamba limagwira diso zotsatirazi chochitika chachilendo - ndi mtima wanga wonse amene anakonda chikhalidwe cha wolemba Russian ankakonda kucheza zaka za moyo wake monga momwe tingathere ndi Russia. Mwina iye ali chapatali zinali zosavuta kulemba mafotokozedwe yaitali nkhalango Russian, minda, midzi ndi anthu wotchuka? Kudzoza - chinthu capricious ... koma kwenikweni zonse zinali zambiri prosaic. Pezani cholowa wabwino, ndi yodalirika minda, wolemba kwambiri womasuka kunja dzikolakwathu. Russian lolemera osankhika mofunitsitsa kuwerenga Turgenev. Ndizo basi kugawana maganizo ake pandale sakanakhoza. Onse mfundo chidwi kwambiri ndi moyo wa Turgenev m'njira ina zikugwirizana ndi worldview wake. Pano iye anali zachilendo ang'onoang'ono landlords.

Fuko lomveka-achifumu

Mabuku kwambiri Russian kukhala mbuye-mwininyumba kuti iye anali mmodzi wa olemba woyamba, amene anafotokoza moyo, moyo ndi miyambo ya anthu wamba. Isanafike "mlenje Mfundo" Turgenev sanali otchuka. Dzina la dongosolo la nkhani anatulukira mkonzi wa "Contemporary" Panayev kuti mwanjira wolungama wowerenga pang'ono zachilendo osiyanasiyana mitu ndi mafano, amene amakomana mu masamba a bukhu ili. Chidwi mfundo ku moyo wa Turgenev kuyamba pa masamba ake, kumene owerenga mosavuta kuzindikira momwe wolemba nkhani. Ndipo mwini malo, fuko lomveka ndi chisoni kwambiri ndi tcheru ndi mavuto a wamba Russian wamba, serfs. Ndipo si zosangalatsa kwambiri moyo Turgenev. Zambiri chifundo oponderezedwa wolemba sikunalekere pamenepo. Iye anachita chirichonse mu mphamvu zake kusintha kuti alipo a zinthu mu Russia.

kunja

Mwina zaka zofunika kwambiri za moyo Turgenev a anakhala France. Akewo anatenga mu mabwalo apamwamba lolemera ndi salons bohemia wa Paris. mabuku ake anali omasuliridwa, lofalitsidwa ndi kuwerenga mu Europe otsalira. Wolemba anayenda kwambiri, ankakonda kukhala pa Cote d'Azur mu France, mu Italy. Nthawi zambiri limodzi, ngati aulemu maulendo kuperekezedwa wa wotchuka French woimba Poliny Viardo, wokondedwa wake. Ife sanasangalale nazo ndipo ngati chidwi mfundo ku moyo wa Turgenev, monga gawo atapita ku nyumba njuga ndi kasino Baden-Baden ndi Monte Carlo. Russian wolemba anali venturesome kwambiri munthu, ndipo makamaka mu kusowa kwa ndalama. Koma izi zonse kwa nthawi yaitali Ine akhankoya Europe ndi chikondi cha makhalidwe a chitayiko. Khalani kutali ndi kwawo kunali makamaka chifukwa njira wolemba amaganizira, umene ndi digiri chilungamo likutsutsana Russian Ufumu mabwalo olamulira.

Yatsopano anthu Turgenev

Inde, wolemba sanali yekha zochita zake. Iye anaimira luso lake kupeza mathamangitsidwe wamphamvu kulingalira chikhalidwe. Kulikonse zaka zinkapita moyo Turgenev a mabuku ake umalimbana ndi chiyerekezo mwapang'onopang'ono kusintha mosalephera ndale komanso mu Russia. Kuwonjezera serfs, iye anabweretsa ntchito zake zikutipatsa mitundu amene anali kale mabuku Russian osiyanasiyana. Koma iwo anali pakati pa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi mu dziko Russian ndi mwachibadwa zimaonekera masamba a m'mabuku ndi nkhani ya Turgenev. Tikuyankhula zokhudza anthu wamba-boma. Za anthu amene ali mwamtheradi sakukhutitsidwa ndi njira ofala zaka za moyo Russian. Za amene momvetsa kufunafuna njira kusintha kuti alipo a zinthu. Munthu angathe kukangana za mkhalidwe wa wolemba kuti ngwazi atsopano, ndi kutali lomveka. Koma wolemba-realist moyo imeneyi quests mwauzimu mabuku anu. Ndipo lero ife popanda iwo zovuta kumvetsa nyengo chisanadze chosintha.

Dziko ali pakhomo la kusintha kwakukulu

Wolemba anayenera kusiya dziko lino kale Russia kusesa kamvuluvulu a nkhondo kapena kusintha. Ndipo lero ife tikhoza ndikuganiza za mmene zapamwamba Russian mukanatani zimene zinachitika mu dzikoli atachokako kwa zaka pambuyo chiyembekezo chakuti a serfdom. Koma wolemba-realist Turgenev nthawizonse zakhala chapatsogolo mtsutso pa gulu ndiponso ntchito zawo sanathe amawateteza ndi premonition kusintha kwambiri. Kupyolera m'buku lake, malingaliro chosintha ndi maganizo atafika kuzunza anthu onse a anthu Russian. Panalibe chosintha tsogolo amene si bwino ntchito yake.