Classic Russian ndi Soviet mabuku, analenga buku yake yaikulu monga ntchito yaikulu ya dziko lakwawo. Mutu Romana Sholohova "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don" - kwambiri komanso mwadongosolo kuwonetsera kwa moyo wa Don Cossacks kumapeto kwa nyengo ya XX m'ma. Yekha mbadwa, wolembayo analenga zithunzi za ngwazi za buku la lagona pa prototypes lenileni, amene ankadziwa panokha. Anthu Saga, panali oposa mazana awiri. Wolemba kwa zaka zoposa 20 kusinthidwa okhutira kwambiri kuphunzira yachokera zambiri. Multilayer epic chithunzi cholembedwa adampereka katswiri woona. Akuti masamba onse a m'buku wakhala otchulidwa oposa atatu.
Chidule cha "Matama Umayenda ya Don" Sholokhov bwino ambiri okonda zapamwamba mbiri. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti talente imodzi ya wolemba, amene anali pa chikhulupiriro chawo phwando Communist chonchi, anapanga kumuchitira kulemba zoona, ndithu, sanamulole kudzam'patsa mbali yaikulu mu abwino waluso ofala mfundo mmadera.
The intertwining a storylines chapakati ndi sekondale amalenga Sholokhov "Matama Umayenda ya Don". Images wa mtundu Melekhovo zili zofunika mu ntchito imeneyi. Iye anabwerera kamodzi Kazak Porfiry ndi nkhondo, koma si iye yekha, ndi Turk, imene mtima wanga wonse unagwa. Nsanje chikondi chawo pa anthu ndi kamodzi mlandu wa ufiti, kumenya mkazi wapakati. Cossack saber Porphyry kumbuyo wake wokondedwa. Koma iye, napatsa kubadwa kwa bambo a Gregory - Pantelei anafa. Pantelei atakula, anakhala anzeru ndiponso chuma Cossack. Iye pang'onopang'ono ndipo nthawi zonse kuchulukitsa katundu wawo. mkazi wake Vasilisa Ilinichna anakhala wachiwiri wake mtetezi odalirika moto banja. Likunena unaturuka miyoyo yawo. Peter okhwima ana, Gregory ndi mwana Dunya. Gregory Melekhov Zinaonekeratu mnyamata - mdima tsitsi, wamphamvu, ndi oona mtima ndi maganizo mopupuluma mu zochita zake. Atate mwanzeru anakonza ukwati wake, kuti augment chuma cha banja. Komabe, ife pitirizani pobwereza mwachidule "Matama Umayenda ya Don" Sholokhov tisaiwale kuti Pantelei kunapezeka, kuziyika izo modekha cholakwika. Choncho kunali kosatheka kuti aswe tsoka zoterozo lotseguka, ufulu wachikondi, wolimba munthu ngati Gregory. Iye akupezani chikondi chake akuluakulu Cossack Aksinya, mkazi Stepana Astahova. Atate, khungu ndi zothandiza awo, mumanyozera mtima kwa mphamvu ya mwana wake kukakamiza kuti akwatire wa zilakolako zake - Natalya Korshunova, kawetedwe izo ndi Cossack olemera anabadwa. Kumulakalaka Aksinya ndi wamphamvu. Gregory chitaya mkazi wake ndi mbuye wake masamba munda, aganyu amene anakagwira ntchito pa famu pa Kenturiyo. Iwo ndi mwana wamkazi.
Mkazi wa Gregory Natalia ayesera kuthetsa moyo wake ndi kudzipha, knifed oblique, koma moyo. chikondi chake bambo mpongozi, ndi kwa iwo amapita moyo. Komanso owala mwachidule "Matama kumatsika Don" Sholokhov, ife kupereka ulemu wapadera kwa Osokera kwa onse okonda. idyll awo anawononga First World nkhondo. Kazak Grigory anatumiza asilikali ndi dongosolo, anagula ndi ndalama kuti kavalo ndipo analandira oyang'anira zofunika ndi katundu bambo ake. Wamagazi nkhondo moyo si monga chitsulo akumwetulira ikamauma mtima wa Gregory. Makamaka, cikole banja analeredwa otchuka komanso kukhulupirika anakakamizika iye kanthu kuletsa kugwiriridwa wa mdzakaziyo från amazunzidwa Cossacks. moyo wake sadzavomereza imfa opusa nkhanza. Iye akubwera potero atanyamula mfuti yake kuti awombere Cossack forelocks, makamaka kutenga palibe akaidi ndi kuwononga otsutsa ngakhale unarmed. Nkhondo, iye anavulala Komabe, magazi amapulumutsa kapitawo. Kwa mlingo umenewu Gregory kupereka woyamba George Cross ndipo perekani otsika kapitawo udindo. Anachiritsa wopambana mu chipatala, iye anatumizidwa kunyumba patchuthi. Komabe, kale Aksinia monga Gregory makolo molakwika kulandira uthenga wa imfa ya Cossack. Kenturiyo, amene ndi mkazi, alowa mu ubale wa chisangalalo. (Pa nthawi imeneyi, mwana wamkazi wa Gregory, kudwala, kufa.) Kufika pa tchuthi, Melekhov kudziwa za woukira boma ankakonda ukugunda wachikondi Listnitsky chikwapu ndi kuchoka Aksinya mkazi Natalia.
Ku tchuthi amabwera kutsogolo ndi ina Gregory, kuwumitsa mtima, wopanda nako aliyense. Retelling zina mwachidule "Matama Umayenda ya Don" Sholokhov a n'kosatheka kuona latsopano chachikulu khalidwe wofuna kudzionetsera makamaka asilikali kuti: iye zinthu mwamphamvu nkhondo, ndi chosangalatsa kuika miyoyo yawo ndi merging zomwenso ake onse ndi moyo wamagazi nkhondo. pachifuwa chake chokongoletsedwa ndi mitanda, malo ake mmaudindo - za nkhondo mbendera. Koma ndi Cossack amaona kuti chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuposa kusiyana asilikali, anataya moyo wake, chinachake kwambiri anthu. Ndipo asilikali likuphwasuka. Ndi ntchito zokopa RSDLP, kuyambitsa kuwononga maziko a boma lingaliro. Gregory anabwerera kwawo. Choyamba, pafupi ndi Bolsheviks, zomwe zimabweretsa kutsutsana ndi bambo wake, ndi m'bale, Peter. Komabe, maganizo ace anasintha pambuyo popereka wa wapampando wa m'deralo revvoenkomata Podtyolkov Cossacks ukapolo. Abale Melekhovs pafupi ndi Cossack ambiri Kornilov. Kokha mphamvu zawo sikokwanira kuti tithe wofiira, ndi osemphana ndi maganizo Wrangel kutembenukira boma Don Cossack mu chotheka. Mu fupa lothyoka izi Gregory Melekhov kumenyana Chiwukirano usilikali Council, MOKHOZA analamula Cossack apakavalo Division. Iye chosaneneka mu ubale wawo ndi akazi, iye amaona za mkazi wake woyembekezera Natalia. Mu boma chisokonezo, iyo imapangitsa kudziletsa mimba, koma anawachititsa magazi amapha ake posachedwa. Pa Don nkhondo yapachiweniweni atolele yokolola wamagazi. Anapha m'bale Peter, Pantelei afa enaake a pakhungu. Okhala mu chaka chatha Vasilisa Ilinichna. Mwa chitsulo ichi ndi magazi kachiwiri inflames chikondi Gregory ndi Aksinya. Pamodzi akupita kuthawa mudzi, osati anthu mbadwa amene kwenikweni pansi pa mphamvu ya commissars wofiira. anagona awo pa kavalo, omenyana waudindo zindikirani ndipo anatsegula moto.
Chipolopolo mnzake mkazi. Gregory kuika Aksinya pakati pa munda, kuwala anayamba chisoni iye. Zochitika kufotokoza blindingly yowala wakuda dzuwa Sholokhov mosakayikira wanzeru kulenga anapeza. Gregory anabwerera. Anakhalabe ulusi okha polumikiza ndi Don lapansi - Mishatka mwana, umene, monga bambo, chidzakula.
Kwa chilengedwe cha ntchito chapadera Mikhail Alexandrovich anali kupereka ya Nobel Prize mu 1965. Wolemba analandira mphoto, anakhala gawo ang'onoang'ono a ndalama kuyenda ndi banja lake ku Ulaya, Japan, ndi kuchuluka otsala - yomanga wa kalabu ndi laibulale.