Chiberekero hornet: kufotokoza, miyeso. hornets chisa. Kodi owopsa kwa munthu Hornet

Man atazungulira zosiyanasiyana kwambiri nyama. Hornets mwangwiro bwino kwa ife, koma anthu sindimakonda iwo. tizilombo zimenezi zimachititsa mantha ndi zina mantha ndi kuopa. Iwo akhoza kuukira munthu ndi kuwawa mbola wake. Hornet poizoni zingachititse aakulu awo sagwirizana anachita, ndipo kulumidwa angapo koopsa. Mu chochitika cha mantha anaphylactic m'pofunika kupereka thandizo kuchipatala mwamsanga. Pa nthawi yomweyo, Hornet lipindulitsa. Ameneŵa - mapulani kwambiri ndi omanga! funso ndi zimene tili nawo.

Hornets - tizilombo chikhalidwe

Anthu akutchedwa achifwamba. Mayina ena - "corsairs mapiko", "Flying Tigers". Apa ndi kwachilengedwenso gulu hornets:

• kalasi tizilombo (Insecta);
• detachment Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera);
• pepala banja skladchatokrylyh mavu (Vespidae).

dziko imakhala makumi atatu mitundu ya hornets ndi subspecies ambiri. M'mayiko ena European iwo kukuteteza boma. Mwachitsanzo, mu Germany kuti thupilo zisa tizilombo awa ndi chilango mu TH 50. Mumauro. Moyo European Hornet madera ambiri kapena mabanja monga: wamkazi, mwamuna ndi anthu ntchito. Pakutha August - chiyambi cha September, chiwerengero cha madera angafikire mayunitsi 400-800.

Banja akhale akazi angapo, koma mfumukazi hornet chimodzi chokha. Pankhaniyi, kuteteza mating ndi depositing ukala mazira akazi yaikulu chiberekero zimatulutsa fungo wapadera (Pheromone), ndi sekondale anagona unfertilized, amene yekha drones zimaswa. Hornets kukhazikika mu zisa za dothi, wolowa nyumba dzenje mtengo, ikani denga lozungulira, pa makoma. Zokhazikapo anapangidwa ntchito malovu perezhovyvaya matabwa. M'chaka choyamba zigwirizana wa m'badwo wa antchito hornets. M'dzinja - ndi amuna ndi akazi. M'nyengo yozizira pali kokha toyesa yoopsa. Iwo zimabisala.

European Hornet m'zigawo wawononga mbola nkhonya. Njira ina - izi kusiyana ndi nsembe nsagwada zake. Kudya ogwirira ndi tizilombo zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo usiku. Mgwireni The Njuchi hornet amapha pomwepo ndi imayamwa. Chifuwa cha wovulalayo zimabala chisa kudyetsa ana awo.

Masana, banja lalikulu la anthu ogwirira mapiko amakumana magalamu 500 kapena kuposa tizilombo. M'munda ndi hornets munda ndi wofunika kwambiri!

Iwo kudya madzi a zipatso kucha, mitengo ndi maluwa timadzi tokoma mosavuta.

Mapuloteni zakudya amafuna chiberekero akapolo - dzira mafunsidwe. Hornets pafupifupi tulo, theka yokha kuti amaundana za 20-25 nthawi usiku ndi Usaigwedezere.

Makulidwe ndi kufotokozera

The theka kutsogolo ya m'mawere chikasu chiberekero. Mutu ali wa mtundu umodzi. Woyamba mphete ziwiri ndi woderapo mikwingwirima chikasu, ndi ena - chikasu ndi zofiirira mawanga. Kuyambira millimeters 25 35 m'litali mfumukazi hornet. Kukula kwa amuna ndi anthu ntchito zochepa.

Mu chiberekero ndi anthu ntchito ndi mbola - ndi Mavu kusinthidwa. Pamwamba pa mutu pa mbali pali atatu yosavuta lalikulu pawiri maso. Ali hornet pabuka-lalanje mtundu ndi ang'ambe thupilo akufanana kalata S. Pakamwa kuluma mtundu zida okonzeka ndi mandibles amphamvu kwambiri. thupi yokutidwa ndi tsitsi. Pa chitukuko cha mazira ndi kubala mazira mfumukazi hornet akusowa chakudya wolemera mu mapuloteni. Pakuti bwino yozizira hibernation mu August - September chiberekero zochuluka chizikula amasonkhana otchedwa thupi mafuta.

Moyo mkombero makamaka kuli hornets banja

M'chaka kumapeto May, pambuyo hibernation anadzuka chiberekero. Iye amachita reconnaissance flights pofunafuna malo chisa m'munsi. Kupeza, ilo lagona woyamba maselo hexagonal ndi amamangirira ina. Posakhalitsa, mukachipinda adzakhala anachedwa ndi dzira, ndipo patapita masiku 8 amene mphutsi kukhala ndi 12-15 a iwo, chifukwa cha metamorphosis pamaoneka Hornet.

Isanayambe kuswana mfumukazi hornet imalongosola mwachindunji kutchera mazira amene kuwaswa drones kapena m'tsogolo chiberekero. Uno umalamulidwa ndi akadzabweranso umuna.

Mwa mwezi wa June adzakhala chinkhoswe pomanga chisa anthu ntchito, ndi mfumukazi aike mazira yekha.

Popeza September, pali anthu achichepere. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, wakale mfumukazi hornet atanyalanyazidwa. mphamvu yake kunyamula waukulu imafoola mazira, ndi amene anapangidwa - patatha mphindi zingapo kudyedwa ndi amayi ogwira ntchito. Choncho mfumukazi masamba mng'oma ndi kufa pa zaka pafupifupi chaka chimodzi.

antchito Female amadyetsedwa chabe akazi ndi amuna. Kungolandira wambirimbiri mapuloteni ndi chakudya, mfumukazi wamng'ono amasungidwa ndi nkhokwe koyenera kuti nthawi yozizira. makoko osaphunzira kudyedwa ogwira ntchito ndi drones.

M'dzinja mating chikuchitika. Young mayi kangapo akhoza ukala. Amuna kufa pambuyo masabata awiri. Chiberekero ubwamuna akufunafuna yozizira khumbi la chitetezo. Diapause amapezeka.

Kumayambiriro November, otsiriza kufa kwa anthu ntchito. Mumng'oma zikawoneka zizindikiro za moyo. Ambiri mwa mfumukazi wamng'ono sadzapulumuka yozizira.

Hornets - omanga ndi mapulani

Pothetsa chisa hornet ndi tizilombo kumafuna mitengo yoola. Ndi phunziro kwa kutafuna ndi kuyanjana ndi malovu. Kuyambira thunthu analandira pomanga selo. zitsulo chipolopolo kwambiri mwa izo. Clay - ndi malovu. Zouma pamwamba ndi analogue a pepala corrugated. mtundu zimatengera mtundu wa nkhuni. Nest sitikugwiritsa ntchito kwa chaka chachiwiri. Pambuyo yozizira, masika, chiberekero ndi malo yabwino chisa chatsopano. Kwa denga, iye secures phazi lake laling'ono. Iye anapanga selo loyamba. Yowonjezera nyumba nthawizonse amabwera kuchokera pamwamba pansi, chaka nsinga akhalabe pansi. chisa A hornet lalikulu ali 6 storeys. Makulidwe yaikulu kwambiri kufika m'mimba mwake wa theka mita.

zizindikiro

Monga tizilombo tina, hornets amatha kugwirizanitsa chisa lonse ndi kuluma mdani kudziteteza. Ichi ndi choopsa kwambiri! Poopsedwa, Hornet imalankhula Alamu pheromone. mankhwala imayendetsa munthu ndi kuukira. Sikuti kupha chisa hornet pafupi. Nsautso chizindikiro amatha akweze banja lonse ndibwezera wopalamulayo.

Akapsa chifukwa cholimbana angathe kutumikira zosiyanasiyana zipangizo, mankhwala katundu angathe kulowa kukhudzana ndi pheromone, kuphatikizapo zovala, khungu, mchere ndi chakudya.

mavu

Mu sayansi Latin Hornet - tizilombo ikhale Vespa -. «Mavu" Vespula - amasonyeza mtundu amachita mwachibadwa (kwenikweni likumasuliridwa kuti "osishka"). Mu sayansi, pali gulu bwino mitundu ya tizilombo, koma moyo weniweniwo pali chisokonezo kusiyanitsa hornets lalikulu ndi nthumwi zina. mavu izi zimakhala zazing'ono ndi kukhala lowala chikasu ndi mtundu wakuda, pamene Hornet - tizilombo mdima mtundu.

Pali mavu chachikulu, chimene chimatchedwa hornets. A malo apadera mwa iwo Umboni Wopereŵera Dolichovespula Maculata. Iye amakhala mu North America. Mu English umatchedwa dazi yachisoni hornet, hornets monga chonchi. Iwo ali wakuda ndi minyanga mikwingwirima. Ambiri mwina, hornets, mavu otchedwa chifukwa cha chizolowezi chawo kulenga zisa mlengalenga. Komabe pali hornet Australia Abispa Ephippium - view ya mavu limodzi.

Gwiritsani ntchito kapena mavuto onse?

Mu mabuku za Hornet nkhalango nthawi zambiri ngati galu zauve, zimene ziyenera kwatha, monga adya ndi khungwa woonda. Chifukwa cha fomu iyi litapotanitsidwa mphete nthambi kuti asafe. vuto limeneli, poyerekeza ndi onena kuti nyama zina zakutchire, otsika kwambiri. M'munda kapena ndiwo zamasamba Ndi bwino kukhala ndi chisa hornet wa! Chidwi mfundo: kwa tsiku limodzi ndi banja lalikulu la tizilombo zolusa zingawononge magilamu mazana asanu tizilombo zoipa. Zakugwirirani moyo nyama, ndipo kawirikawiri nyamulani zovunda!

Koma ichi ndi chachikulu zachilengedwe adani ndi wamba njuchi ntchito. Voracious lalikulu Hornet ndi zimphona anzake kuukira zisa njuchi kuti asangalale uchi mphutsi yawo. Pakati pa malipoti, sate hornets lalikulu anawononga 3 zikwi njuchi pa theka la ola .. Hornets wosweka nyama yake ndi mphamvu za nsagwada. Njuchi komanso apanga njira chitetezo: mpweya woipa ndi kutentha. Kamodzi mu "mpira njuchi" ndi mkulu kutentha, hornet kupha wolima kwa mphindi khumi. Komanso mu mpira zikuchepa kumawonjezera mpweya ndende.

Kodi kuchotsa hornets pa chiwembu?

Mosiyana ndi mavu zina, hornets molimba nyambo nyambo uchi kapena chodzaza. Yambani kulimbana m'chaka oyambirira. Pa nthawi iyi, mavu ali mu siteji yoyamba ya kumanga zisa zawo. Choyamba kuyendera nyumba onse, makamaka kawirikawiri anapita.

zisa anapeza zimene tizilombo sprayed kenako anachoka ndipo anamuwotcha. Pamene iwo ndizazikulu - zovuta. mankhwala ogwira poizoni nyambo ya nyama ndi nsomba minced kuti hornets Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kukula mphutsi. Iwo anayikidwa mu malo amene kufikako ziweto. Wamkulu tizilombo msampha anapanga zosiyanasiyana lokoma, makamaka kwa thovu kapena kvass.

Chifukwa ndi oopsa bwanji hornet

zochepa poizoni kuposa njoka njuchi munthu ambiri a mitundu ya hornets. Pambuyo mbola jekeseni amakhalabe chilonda. Koma tizilombo zikhoza kuluma maulendo angapo. Katundu woopsa poizoni zili ayenera mandorotoksina woipa mkulu ndi poizoni unkawononga wa zimakhala thupi.

Ngati hornet anamasulidwa kwambiri poizoni, pali lalikulu yotupa anachita. The Hornet oopsa kwa anthu? Ndi tcheru mkulu wa zotsatira angakhale kwambiri. Ngati jakisoni zinali zambiri, monga zimachitika pamene kusokonezedwa hornets chisa, akhoza chakupha. Japan ali ndi ziwerengero wosasangalala: chaka chilichonse, kuti kuluma kwa hornet chimphona, akufa za makumi anthu. Dzanja mitundu Asian kwambiri poizoni. European munthu ang'onoang'ono osati monga chakupha. Pamlingo ululu Schmidt ululu wa kugonjetsedwa hornet uyo ziri ofanana ndi ofanana kuchokera honeybee ndi ili pa mlingo pakati pa sikelo, monga amtengo amphamvu.

Monga ulamuliro, mantha hornet ali wapamwamba: kuluma ake si chogwilizana ndi kukula kwa tizilombo ndi.