Chakudya ndi Lena mtsinje boma. Magwero ndi mtundu wa chakudya Lena Mtsinje

Lena ndi mtsinje waukulu ku Siberia. Koma chachikulu ndi ndi mfundo dziko. Mu mndandanda wa mitsinje yaitali kwambiri dziko izo akuchita malo chakhumi. Kutalika kwa Lena ndi makilomita zikwi zinayi mazana anai. Pool lili m'dera catchment pafupifupi ziwiri ndi theka makilomita lalikulu zikwi. Wasefukira mtsinje otchuka pa dera la dera Irkutsk ndi Yakutia.

malo Hrs

Malire chapamwamba mtsinje, komanso m'madera ambiri maiwe kusambira mu makhwawa yake ili m'mbali lamapiri la Trans-Baikal, Baikal dera, komanso pa Aldan yachonde. M'dera la ku Central Siberia Plateau ndi mbali yaikulu ya gombe lake lamanzere wa dziwe. Mbali wotsikitsitsa umadutsa ku Central Yakut kumveka.

Chigawo

Mu instream Lena ndi zigawo zitatu. The oyamba - pamwamba. Chitadutsa ku gwero lake kumene amalowa mtsinje Vitim. Chigawo pakati itha kumene likukwaniritsa Mtsinje Lena. Aldan. Wachitatu, gawo m'munsi, mtsinje amanyamula madzi ake kuti pakamwa.

Mu malire chapamwamba za Lena mofulumira ndi mwamphamvu mode. M'dera limeneli pali zizindikiro zonse zimene zikusonyeza kuti mitsinje phiri. Pa madzi mofulumira ndi njanji sinuous. Madera ambiri ali pamakomo. Mu gombe lino miyala ndi mkulu. Kumtunda otaya foams amadzimadzi ndi zithupsa mofulumira kusamukira ku kumpoto.

Mode wopulupudza ndi kusintha wamphamvu mtsinje kufikako kuti Kirensk. Apa Lena amatenga madzi ake tributary. Kirenga ndi utatha pang'ono. bedi ake ndi onse mozama (m'madera ena ndi wofanana mamita khumi). kugombe miyala Akuthawa. Miyala m'malo mkungudza wamphamvu ndi mkulu paini, spruce ndi Oil. Chimakula pano ndi larch.

The mtsinje amakhala ndi mphamvu ngakhale wamkulu pambuyo imagwera Olekma - tributary yake. Pafupi Aldan Lena umayenda mwa Prilenskoye yachonde. Kodi magombe ake ndi wapadera ndiponso otsetsereka kwambiri otsetsereka.

Itha Inde pakati pambuyo Lena akukumana ndi tributary lake lamanja - Aldan. Pa nthawi imeneyi kwambiri Siberia mtsinjewu umapanga njira zambirimbiri zilumba yaing'ono.

Mu malire m'munsi mwa Lena zimafalikira mu m'lifupi onse. Mu malo awa, izo zikusonyeza mphamvu zonse ndi ukulu wa mitsinje Siberia, amene sakhoza koma kuwadzutsa kuzizwa ndi chimwemwe.

chakudya

peresenti makumi asanu runoff ake mtsinje pachaka amalandira limatsogolera chisanu ndi mpweya mu mawonekedwe a mvula. Zina amapereka mphamvu Lena Mtsinje - pansi. Kuyambira iwo wolandira mmodzi peresenti awiri madziwo. Choncho, mtundu wa chakudya Lena Mtsinje - osokonezeka. Koma osati magwero kutchulidwa kuwonjezeka runoff otchuka kukongola Siberia.

Mphamvu kundipatsako kwa Lena Mtsinje - ndi makhwawa zake zonse. mndandanda Izi zikuphatikizapo Aldan ndi Tiyi, Vitin ndi Olekma, Kuta ndi Viluy, Kirenga ndi Young, tikumva ndi Tuolba, Buotama ndi Blue. Inflows ndi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Yaikulu ya iwo - mtsinje Vitim, ndi Aldan.

inflows mphamvu makamaka wapangidwa ndi madzi chifukwa cha kusungunuka chisanu ndi mvula. A otaya runoff amapezeka mu malo pansi. Komabe, ukulu ndi laling'ono kwambiri, monga m'gawo la otaya mtsinje ndi zone wa Madzi oundana. The kuchotserapo yekha ali m'madera amene pali matenthedwe akasupe.

Choncho, mtundu wa chakudya mtsinje Lena ndi makhwawa yake ndi yomweyo. Pankhaniyi, amanena za maonekedwe a losanganikirana.

Chakudya ndi boma la mtsinje Lena kwambiri zogwirizana. Komabe, iwo ali pansi pa ulamuliro onse wa mpweya. Pakuti m'kamwa mwa Lena characteristically yaikulu madzi osefukira masika. Anatsanulira mtsinje ndi m'chilimwe. Panthawi imeneyi, kangapo pali madzi osefukira mkulu. Koma m'dzinja ndi yozizira otsika madzi pakamwa pa otsika lapansi.

Chakudya ndi boma la mtsinje Lena amasintha kwambiri m'chaka. Nthawi imeneyi, pali ayezi wamphamvu ndi limatsogolera pa chivundikiro chisanu. Pa chigumula madzi mkamwa akhoza kukhala malo pamwamba mlingo wa kiyubiki mamita 250 000 pa mphindi.

zili madzi

Madzi a mtsinje Lena mode yodziwika ndi mafunde mkulu. M'chaka, kusintha chizindikiro madzi limapezeka pafupifupi mamita teni mpaka fifitini. M'munsi mtengo lino mamita khumi. Lena mtsinje mode yotentha zimadalira mvula. Pa nthawi yomweyo pali ochepa mvula madzi osefukira. Small lakuya khalidwe la yozizira.

Kumbali ya zili madzi mwa mtsinje Russian Lena ali lachiwiri. Ndi buku la madziwo ndi kuwonjezera pa Yenisei.

Lena Mtsinje mode khalidwe pafupifupi mowa pachaka m'kamwa wofanana kiyubiki mamita seventini zikwi lachiwirilo. Nambala pazipita ndi 200 000, ndi osachepera - 366.

Mtundu wa boma madzi a mtsinje Lena anakhalabe mu m'litali. Komabe, ngakhale, mu madera osiyana a kanjedza mowa madzi ndi phindu. Kotero, pamwamba m'kamwa mwa mtsinje Kirenga pafupifupi mowa madzi pachaka pa kuzungulira 480 kiyubiki mamita pa mphindi. Pa confluence a Lena Mtsinje. Vitim mtengo uwu 1700. Mu pakamwa Olekma, Aldan ndi Viluy, motero, 4500, 6800 ndi 12 100 kiyubiki mamita pa mphindi. Koma mu Nyanja Laptev, kumene Lena amanyamula madzi ake, otaya pachaka za makumi asanu makilomita kiyubiki.

kuyimitsidwa

Pamodzi ndi matani makumi anayi wani miliyoni a solutes osiyanasiyana a Lena Mtsinje wa madzi Laptev Nyanja imagwera pachaka. Takeaway komanso inaimitsidwa m'dambo. Iwo kwa chaka igwera mu nyanja za matani mamiliyoni khumi. Turbidity madzi mu uthunthu wa magalamu 50-60 pa mita kiyubiki. Koma mlingo wa mineralization wa mamiligalamu 80-100 pa lita.

yozizira koopsa

Zikafika ozizira chaka mawu a madzi pali kuchepa, ndi ulamuliro wa mtsinje Lena mu izi ukasintha anasintha. Nthawi imeneyi, pamwamba ndi adafulumiza ayezi. The mtsinje amanyamula madzi ake mwaulere miyezi isanu kapena isanu ndi umodzi pa chaka kum'mwera ndi miyezi inayi kapena isanu kumpoto. The makhwawa a Lena Mtsinje amaundana-pang'ono pokha kale anaika. The mtsinje yokha akugwirizira pansi kuzizira kwa masiku khumi kenako.

Amaundana-mu umalandira chapamwamba kuika kumapeto kwa October. Pansi - mwezi kale. Kutsegula ayezi akhoza anachedwa ku malire chapamwamba pakati pa May, ndi pansi - mpaka chiyambi cha June.

boma la mtsinje Lena ukasintha anasintha panthawi yopuma masika. Nthawi imeneyi, mapangidwe kuchulukana, amene kwambiri aukitsa madzi.

matenthedwe ulamuliro

madzi kutentha zizindikiro lonse kutalika kwa Lena Mtsinje asemphana kwambiri. Wapakati mwezi m'madera a malire chapamwamba ndi pakati ali padziko kuphatikiza naintini. Koma pa nyengo yozizira (kuchokera November kuti April) pafupifupi madzi kutentha ndi ziro.

Koma malire kunsi kwa mtsinje, kumene mtengo wa kanjedza mwezi ndi penapake m'munsi. Mu miyezi yotentha, iwo musalumphe madigiri ziwiri. Chimakhala kwambiri yaitali ndi chizindikiro ziro. Chimayambira mu October ndipo itha May.

The boma kutentha kwa mtsinje Lena mu gawo chapamwamba ankadziwana ake ali ndi phindu osachepera. Pa nkhani imeneyi, m'dera limeneli pali motalikitsa nthawi, madzi oundana ❖ kuyanika.

Spring madzi pamwamba pa mtsinje Lena kumatenga pafupifupi masiku makumi asanu. Komanso malire chapamwamba nthawi imeneyi, wamng'ono wokhalitsa. Iye ndi masiku twente-seveni. Mu malire m'munsi mwa madzi osefukira kasupe zikhoza kwa masiku makumi anayi.

mavuto a zachilengedwe

KUTENTHA umene pa zaka zaposachedwapa padziko lapansi lino, ali kungasokoneze pa mtsinje. M'dera limene wasefukira pa zaka forte zapitazi kuwuka kwa kutentha pachaka mpweya ndi madigiri anayi. Pa nkhani imeneyi, chigumula kasupe ndi wamphamvu kwambiri. Iwo imaphwanya mtsinjewo. Komanso, pali gulu la zilumba m'mphepete mwa mtsinjewo. Kale mu 2009, izo zinalembedwa mlingo awo obadwa, omwe anakwana mamita twente-seveni pa chaka.

ntchito.

Lena ndi umodzi wa mitsinje aukhondo pa dziko. Komanso, malangizo ake sasintha munthu. Lena panopa chosamanga madamu aliyense, opangira magetsi mphamvu zomera, komanso ena zomera za m'madzi. Mu malo ili kutali ndi kumene anthu, madzi ndi choyera kuti mukhoza kumwa mwachindunji ku mtsinje.

Monga mukuonera, chikhalidwe wapadera malo awa pafupifupi anapulumutsidwa. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti ntchito zachuma a Lena mtsinje pokhala kwambiri. Chinthu amakhudza pakalibe ambiri midzi yake yozungulira, komanso zosiyanasiyana nyumba hayidiroliki. Ngakhale izi, Lena ndicho zoyendera mtsempha wamagazi, yomwe ili m'malire a Yakutia. Ndi waukulu chifukwa cha kuchuluka Kachuga kukamwa kwake. Zimalembedwa kuti Ayenela-Kut zingatenge malo ziwiya kokha osaya kusodza. Navigation nthawi kumatenga ku malire chapamwamba cha dongosolo la masiku zana ndi makumi asanu, ndi malire ake m'munsi - zana ndi makumi awiri. The zipilalapo chachikulu ndi Yakutsk ndipo Zhigansk, Vitim ndi Lenek, Budun ndi Kirensk, ndi Kachug Zhigalovo Olekminsk Sturgeon. Yodutsira ndi ena makhwawa a Lena. Pakati pawo Vitim ndi Olekma, Kirenga ndi Viluy ndi Aldan.

The Lena Mtsinje beseni anapanga migodi. Zapezeka mderali golide mwankhanza m'madera ndi madipoziti diamondi. Lena wolemera thamanda la mchere thanthwe ndi zitsulo, Mica ndiponso gasi. Mu malire m'munsi mwa nsomba mtsinje chimakula. Ndi kunyumba burbot ndi Cisco, Siberia whitefish ndi whitefish.