Bwanji kukhala liwiro injini: zimayambitsa zotheka ndi mankhwala

Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha ankasinthana wa injini kwambiri zimakhudza mphamvu ndi samatha ake makhalidwe. Ngati galimoto yanu mwadzidzidzi see wake wakale, muyenera kuganizira matenda ake, chifukwa zizindikiro izi kulonjeza wabwino.

M'nkhani ino tikambirana chiyani injini woterewu patsogolo ndiponso zinthu zimene amagwiritsa. Ifenso kuyang'ana pa zomwe zimayambitsa zotheka cha imfa ya mphamvu ya unit mphamvu ndi njira Kupha kwawo.

zizindikiro

Kudziwa kuti injini liwiro woterewu, iye ayenera kukhala, sikovuta, makamaka ngati ankapita ndi galimoto, ndipo inu mukudziwa tingachidziwe mbadwa. Anthu madalaivala amene ali ndi luso pa zawo ndi vuto zofanana, mukudziwa kuti kuchepetsa mphamvu amakhala ndi mathamangitsidwe aulesi, imfa ya mphamvu, samatha, komanso kutenthedwa ya injini ndi kukula mafuta. Nthawi zina zimachitika limodzi ndi utsi bluish kapena wakuda.

Inu tilimbikire accelerator ngo ndi injini akufotokozera kumbuyo zoipa? Samalani tachometer lapansi. Zosalongosoka galimoto ayenera yomweyo kuyankha kuwonjezeka kuchuluka kwa mafuta kwa combustor ndi kuonjezera ndalama za kasinthasintha wa crankshaft lapansi. Ndipo ngati izi sizichitika, muyenera mwamsanga kuyang'ana vuto.

The zifukwa

Zifukwa zimene injini liwiro woterewu, kungakhale kwambiri. Nawu mndandanda wa anthu ambiri:

• powerplant osati pa kutentha opaleshoni;
• otsika kapena M'malo mwake, msinkhu kwambiri kwa mafuta mu chipinda zimatengedwa;
• zosalongosoka mofulumira mpope;
• yatsekera nozzles, carburetor njira;
• mpweya kutayikira mu zakudya zobwezedwa;
• molakwa anapereka poyatsira nthawi;
• kamera gawo linaphwanya;
• breached mipata ya mapulagi;
• mpweya kapena blockage wa sefa mafuta;
• zifukwa mpweya otaya masensa misa, malo crankshaft, fulumizitsa malo, detonation;
• kusowa psinjika mu zonenepa ndi ena.

Monga mukuonera, mndandanda wa buku ndi chokwanira, ngakhale dzina zonse sichoncho. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane vuto kutchulidwa.

injini ozizira

Kungakhale kulakwa kuti amafuna mphamvu zonse za unit mphamvu mpaka kutentha ukufika phindu opaleshoni (90 ⁰ C), makamaka ngati ndi mafuta jekeseni injini ndi carburetor a. Cold injini liwiro woterewu kwathunthu, ngakhale pamene mokwanira chatsekedwa kutsamwa. The mafuta osakaniza asanaloŵe chipinda kuyaka kuti usavutike. Apo ayi, galimoto adzatero "kugwedezeka", ndi galimoto ku khola ndi detonate. Choncho ngati muli ndi galimoto okonzeka ndi injini carbureted, osati mofulumira kusiya mpaka umafunda mmwamba.

mlingo mafuta mu chipinda zimatengedwa

Mlingo mafuta mu chipinda zimatengedwa komweko akhoza kulimbikitsa ntchito unit mphamvu. Ngati n'chozama anaika, mafuta ambiri osakaniza kuyaka yafupika. Chifukwa cha ichi, injini woterewu mphamvu. Pamene kukambapo mlingo wa osakaniza M'malo mwake, chuma, koma akulowa m'chipinda kuyaka pamwamba mwakale. Pamaso kulowa yamphamvu ya alibe nthawi konzekera mu zakudya zobwezedwa, tingayambe detonation ndi imfa ya liwiro.

Mlingo mafuta ndi Lamulo onsewa akuzungulirani (kupinda) amayandama fasteners.

Accelerator mpope, carburetor Jets ndi njira

Kupitiriza mutu wa imfa mphamvu ya injini carburettor, osanenapo ndi accelerator mpope. Chimene chimadalira pa umoyo wake wa zimene unit mphamvu pa ngo mpweya. Nthawi zambiri, vuto ndi mu kotunga mafuta, ndi mlandu "spouts" nebulizer kudzera zomwe mafuta akudyetsedwa mu mtsinje woonda. Kuyesa magwiridwe a accelerator mpope carburetor, muyenera kuchotsa mpweya fyuluta, kutsegula maganizo a kamera choyamba. Kenako muyenera kutsegula kwa fulumizitsa ndi kuligwira masekondi angapo. Pankhaniyi ku "spout" accelerator ayenera kuthawa woonda (1 mm) kwapang'onopang'ono wa mafuta imatsogoleredwa molondola m'chipinda chachiwiri. Ngati otsika mphamvu ndege kapena pamapindikira - chizindikiro cha clogging wa Jets nebulizer, mofulumira mavavu mpope. Ife vutoli mwa kuyeretsa awo.

mpweya kutayikira mu zakudya zobwezedwa

Chifukwa china osati kukhala ndi injini kusintha akhoza kukhala zazing'ono kutayikira mpweya mu polowera zobwezedwa wa unit mphamvu. Zizindikiro za vuto ili angaletsedwe galimoto chiyambi, izo "kupanga" ndi mavuto kusakhala ndi chochita, kuwonjezeka mafuta ndipo, ndithudi, imfa ya chiwerengero cha kusintha. Izi zimachitika chifukwa zonse zikutha m'mayiko kwambiri wa osakaniza ndi mpweya Petulo anakambirana kulowa m'chipinda kuyaka.

Nthawi zambiri depressurization dongosolo ndi chifukwa depreciation za madyedwe zobwezedwa gasket. Kudziwa kuti mafuta jekeseni injini liwiro woterewu basi chifukwa cha kutayikira mpweya ndi zovuta, n'kovuta kupeza malo ndi depressurization yokha. Ndi bwino kupatsa kwa akatswiri. Koma zinthu zina mungayesere kuti ndi ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, tingakhale ndi syringe ndi singano kudzaza ndi mafuta (kapena solarium kwa aggregates dizilo) ndi kuchitira mafuta mosungiramo danga kugwirizana kwa galimoto pa wozungulira lapansi. Ngati gasket therebetween inoperable, ndiye pamodzi ndi mpweya m'chipinda kuyaka adzakhala mawere ndi mafuta. Pamene akuthamanga injini, muona anasinthira ntchito yake, dziwani kuti chifukwa ali suction.

Pachithunzichi poyatsira nthawi

Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti hapless galimoto eni, akudabwa chifukwa bbwino liwiro injini, iwalani za nthawi poyatsira, ngakhale imathandiza kwambiri mu ntchito ya unit mphamvu. Kuyambira zimatengera yake poyatsira wa mafuta osakaniza m'zipinda kuyaka. Ngati nthawi poyatsira poyera molondola, inu konse mwa njira iliyonse ndi njira Kodi kukwaniritsa ntchito bwino mgwirizano pakati pa machitidwe onse ndi zimagwirira galimoto.

The mayunitsi jekeseni mphamvu kwa nthawi yoyenera kukakomana ndi masensa yoyenera. Ntchito yawo ndi deta ndi kusamutsa kwa amagetsi kulamulira wagawo, womwe zikusintha ngodya. Mu injini mafuta, zimatulutsa amenewa Koma poyatsira walembedwa ndi pamanja kupotoza kumtunda kwa wogulitsa poyatsira.

Khazikitsani kona zolondola yekha ndipo popanda zipangizo zina zapadera si kophweka, koma n'zotheka. msonkhano A zimenezo strobe kuwala wapadera ntchito, umene ndi katswiri Mzimuyo udindo wa chizindikiro crankshaft pa malo ena a wogulitsa ndi.

Kulakwila nthawi

Kulakwila nthawi kawirikawiri chifukwa cha breakage wa lamba nthawi kapena m'malo ake. Analakwitsa ngati kuchepetsa kwa osachepera limodzi "dzino" pakati pa magiya wa crankshaft ndi camshaft, iwe vuto lenileni mu mawonekedwe a opareshoni osalimba a injini, kuchuluka mafuta, utsi mtundu, ndiponso mavuto ena.

Kuti musakodwe mu vuto limeneli, ntchito lamba m'malo nthawi ndi kukonzanso zinthu zonse kugwirizana nazo izo, ayenera ikuchitika m'malo ogulitsira utumiki. Chabwino, ngati zimenezi sizingatheke, m'pofunika mosamala fufuzani ndi recheck zolemba kugwilizana pa magiya nthawi, crankshaft ndi flywheel.

Mipata pakati maelekitirodi ndi

Chifukwa china chimene injini akufotokozera pang'onopang'ono akutembenukira kapena woterewu konse, kungakhale pachithunzichi kusiyana pakati pa maelekitirodi wa mapulagi. Chokha chinali galimoto wabwinobwino ndi injini kuthamanga bwinobwino, koma chinachake inu sindimakonda, ndipo wasankha kusintha makandulo, koma satha kuwerenga ndi malangizo a Mlengi. Kusokera mwa kusiyana ndi chimodzi-chakhumi kapena-mazana a millimeter ndithu kusintha zoipa machitidwe a injini. Malinga kuchuluka kapena kuchepa akhoza angaletsedwe poyambira, imfa ya makhalidwe samatha, kuchepetsa mphamvu, chodzala mafuta etc.

Ngati tikulankhula za mipata, osanenapo injini dvuhtaknye. Kwa iwo, makandulo - mbali zofunika kuonetsetsa ntchito khola la galimoto ndi. Choncho, ngati injini awiri sitiroko woterewu liwiro, choyamba onani mkhalidwe wa maelekitirodi ndi motsata chilolezo Mlingo analimbikitsa.

Blockage mpweya ndi mafuta Zosefera

Ndiyenera kamodzinso kuti Zosefera ayenera uliwonse 7-10 zikwi. Makilomita, ndi zinthu mwapadera ndi kawiri monga mwina. Kuipitsa zinthu izi amachititsa mavuto kudyetsa mafuta kapena mpweya mu zobwezedwa ndi kumabweretsa kusokonezeka kwa injini ntchito bwinobwino. Kupanda mavuto yachibadwa mafuta mafuta zimakhala chifukwa cha zikutha m'mayiko osakaniza kuyaka ndi vuto la mavuto ndi mwa kundipatsako kwa mpweya inadzachitika pereobogaschenie ake. Ndipo choyamba choncho wachiwiri, injini "lokhuthala lolepheretsa anthu kupuma" mwauchidakwa mkangano, wotaya mphamvu, liwiro, amadya mafuta kwambiri.

Kumatha vuto ngati ndi kuchotsa zinthu fyuluta.

masensa wolakwika

Poyerekeza ndi carburetor ndi mafuta jekeseni injini ubwino chakuti ntchito zake ukulamulidwa pakompyuta ndi vuto la vuto dalaivala amaphunzira za iwo ndi zolakwa chizindikiro pa gulu kulamulira. Iye yekha ndi kulumikiza Tester ndi kuwerenga malamulo kudziwa mfundo sanakwaniritsidwe. Ichi ndi chifukwa masensa pakompyuta kuyan'anila ntchito kachitidwe waukulu ndi njira. Koma kosatha. Ngati aliyense wa iwo amalephera kugwira ntchito, injini masiwichi kwa mode mwadzidzidzi. Chifukwa chakuti amagetsi kulamulira wagawo zimaleka kulandira zofunika, ntchito ya unit mphamvu amakhala osakhazikika.

psinjika osakwanira

Ndipo potsiriza, chilemacho zosautsa, zotsatira m'munsi liwiro ndi injini imfa mphamvu - kupanda psinjika. Ndi zotsatira za kuwonongeka kuichotsa pisitoni kapena mafunsidwe (coking) wa pisitoni mphete. Chifukwa, kuthamanga m'zipinda kuyaka amachepetsa, ndipo ena mwa mphamvu ku kuyaka wa osakaniza kuyaka limangolembedwa anataya.

Psinjika chimaonekera ndi Tester psinjika. magawo mwake, malingana ndi mtundu injini, zingasiyane 10 mpaka 14 makilogalamu / masentimita ^2. Kupeza nayenso, muyenera kuganizira za injini kukonza yaikulu.