Biofuel kwa malo amoto: zochitika, mitundu, chitetezo

Malo okongola amakhala akudziwika kwambiri tsiku lililonse. Pali zifukwa zambiri za izi. Uku ndiko kusowa kwa chipangizo cha chimbudzi, miyeso yaing'ono, kapangidwe kapachiyambi ndikumatha kupanga pakhomo panu mlengalenga wapadera, opangidwa ndi masewera okongola a mdima ndi mthunzi, kuvina kwa moto woyaka. Koma sitiyenera kuiwala za chitetezo. Ndikofunika kupanga mpweya wokwanira wabwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito biofuel yokha yapamwamba pamoto - mtundu wapadera wa mafuta. Iyi ndiyo njira yokha yomwe mungapezere chitetezo.

Mafuta a malo osungirako zinthu

Biofuel - mtundu wa zinthu zotentha, zomwe zimapezeka pogwiritsira ntchito zofunikira za zofunikira za zomera ndi zinyama. Ndi madzi opanda mtundu ndi fungo. Zopangira zomwe zimapangidwa ndi ethanol, mowa womwe umapezeka ndi kuyera kwa zikhalidwe zazomera zomwe zili ndi shuga wambiri.

Muyeso yake, ethanol imaletsedwa kugulitsa. Sichifukwa cha "kuyendetsa pamlomo", izi siziloledwa chifukwa cha kuopsa kwa poizoni. Choncho, ogulitsawo anapita ku chinyengo ndikupangira zakumwa zoledzeretsa zamakono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti iwo asamakhale okondwera kwambiri ndi mafanizidwe a zakumwa zoledzeretsa.

Zamakono zamakono zamoto pamoto zimakhala zonyowa kwambiri. Mowa womwe umapangidwira moterewu sulowa mumlengalenga zinthu zovulaza zamoyo, koma umataya mumadzi, carbon monoxide ndi kutulutsa kutentha.

Mbali za biofuel

Panthawi yoyaka moto, mankhwalawa amatha kutulutsa mpweya wa carbon monoxide m'mlengalenga, kotero kuti mapangidwe a soti ndi soot amachotsedwa panthawi yomwe malo amoto akugwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zimakhalanso chifukwa cha kusowa kofunikira kupanga chimbudzi.

Pofuna kutentha, kutuluka kwa mpweya kumakhala kokwanira, ndipo palibe chifukwa chokhazikitsa mpweya. Chifukwa cha zinthu izi, malo amoto a nyumba pa biofuel ndi aang'ono.

Koma chifukwa chakuti panthawi yotentha ya ethanol kokha kaboni dioxide ndi madzi amapangidwa, mtundu wa malirime a lawilo umatembenuka osati wamba - palibe mthunzi wa lalanje. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, opanga amapanga zowonjezera zowonjezera ku mafuta, zomwe zimawoneka ngati lawi la moto.

Mitundu ya mafuta

Wogulitsa wamkulu padziko lonse wa biofuel ndi Brazil. Kupanga mafuta kumayambanso m'mayiko a ku Ulaya, komanso ku India ndi China, komanso ku Africa. Kulikonse kumene kuli biofuel ku malo amoto kumapangidwa ndi teknoloji yake pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosiyana. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha mitundu yambiri ya magetsi yowonjezereka.

Zamoyo zonse za padziko lapansi zimagawidwa mu mitundu yambirimbiri ya mitundu, yomwe yotchuka kwambiri ndi iyi:

• Biodiesel - yopangidwa ndi mafakitale a masamba kapena nyama, komanso malonda a malonda, ndiwo otchuka kwambiri m'mayiko a ku Ulaya;
• Bioethanol - mowa wopanda mtundu ndi fungo, yomwe imapezeka ndi "distillation" ya mbewu zokhudzana ndi shuga (beets, mbatata, chimanga) zotsatiridwa ndi mankhwala.

Posachedwapa akatswiri asayansi amalola kulandira biofuel ku malo ozimitsira moto kuchokera ku algae, komanso kuchokera ku mafakitale ogulitsa mafakitale ndi mapepala osungunula, kutanthauza kusakaniza ndi mapepala.

Kutentha biofuel

Pamene lita imodzi ya ethanol ikuwotcha, zimatulutsidwa zoposa 6 kWh kutentha, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi ntchito yowonetsera magetsi ndi mphamvu ya 3 kW. Pa nthawi yomweyi mafutawa ndi 500ml pa ola limodzi lokha. Kuonjezera apo, mphamvu siyi "yotayika" mu chimbudzi, koma imakhala mkati mwa chipinda, chifukwa momwe izi zilili pafupifupi 95%.

Koma pofuna kutenthetsa malo osayenera kugwiritsa ntchito biofuel pa malo ozimitsira moto. Mtengo wa lita imodzi ya zinthu zotentha zotere zimayamba kuwonjezeka kuchokera ku ruble 500. Zonse zimadalira mtundu ndi zolemba. Kotero, ena opanga amapereka makasitomala a biofuel mu mawonekedwe a gel ndi mawonekedwe a mchere wa m'nyanja, omwe amachititsa kuti azikoma fungo lokoma, komanso amakupatseni chisangalalo kuti mutenge phokoso la zipika zosweka.

Kupanga kupanga biofuel

Tapeza kale kuti biofuel for fireplaces ndi mowa, pamene moto womwewo umatulutsa kokha carbon dioxide ndi madzi. Choncho, sikovuta kukhazikitsa kupanga mafuta. Kuti muchite izi, mungagwiritse ntchito chipangizo chokonzekera kunyumba kapena chogulitsidwa kunyumba. Zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa makopi amalonda, chifukwa mwa iwo madzi amatha madigiri angapo oyeretsa.

Kuti apangitse malo ozimitsira moto powapangira malo omwe amawotcha moto pamoto woyaka moto, ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi mafuta. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito masewera olimbitsa thupi AI-100 kapena AI-116. Koma si zophweka kuti mupeze, kotero mutha kutenga AI-95, chinthu chachikulu ndikuonetsetsa za khalidwe lake.

Mowa ndi mafuta umasakanikirana ndi 20: 1. Zotsatirazi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa zigawozo zimagawanika mwamsanga. Biofuel yotereyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokha pamoto, komanso mu nyali za paloseni, nyali .

Zitetezero za chitetezo

Mukamagwiritsira ntchito biofuel, muyenera kusamala kwambiri komanso mosamala. Chithandizo cholakwika chidzapangitsa moto. Choncho, mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida zowonongeka, onani malamulo:

1. Musati muwonjezere madzi pamoto woyaka. Zitsani moto ndi kuyembekezera kuti chimangidwe chikhale chitakhazikika.
2. Musasunge biofuels pafupi ndi magetsi otentha ndi otentha. Gwiritsani ntchito chipinda chotetezera.
3. Madzi okoma pokhapokha ndi zida zapadera zothandizira zitsulo.

Mu ngodya iliyonse ya dziko lathu mukhoza kugula biofuel m'malo opangira moto. Yekaterinburg, Moscow, Samara, Rostov, St. Petersburg - mumzinda uliwonse waukulu mudzapeza sitolo yapadera.