Munda wa okwera: malongosoledwe, zida zamakono, opanga ndi ndemanga

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa okwera munda kumadziteteza okha kumadera akulu omwe ntchito zosiyanasiyana zikufunika. Kawirikawiri makina oterewa amasokonezeka ndi mitsinje ya udzu, kupanga kukonzekera kukhalapo kwa magalimoto omwe ali ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito, koma izi siziri choncho. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ntchito ya burashi ilipo, koma, kuwonjezera pa izo, chipangizocho chimagwiritsanso ntchito ntchito yobzala nthaka, kusonkhanitsa pamodzi, kusonkhanitsa masamba, ndi zina zotero. Zida zomwe munthu wokwera kumunda ali nazo zimadalira kusintha kwake.

Mitundu ya okwera

Pamsika wa makina ogwiritsa ntchito maluwa makina amenewa amaperekedwa m'mawu atatu - apakhomo, aphunzitsi komanso akatswiri. Zitsanzo za kugwiritsira ntchito nyumba zimakhala zogwirira ntchito zokwana 4000 m2. Malingana ndi ntchitoyi, wokwera pamunda muyiyiyi ndi yochepa ndipo, monga lamulo, kupatulapo udzu wa udzu, ukhoza kupanga zokhazokha zonyansa. Zosankha zowonjezera zambiri zimayimira gawo la zitsanzo zamakono. Woyenda wotereyo akhoza kukhala ndi zida zosiyana, kuphatikizapo zipangizo za kulima, kuuma, kufesa, ndi zina zotero.

Zida za zitsanzo zamaluso

Mapulogalamu apamwamba ndipo amapereka mwayi wokonzanso dongosolo. Zosungunula zimatembenuza chinthu chooneka ngati chimanga cha pulasitiki kuti chikhale chokwanira chachitsulo kapena makina a aeration. Zonse zimadalira momwe mphamvu ndi kapangidwe kake zimapangidwira wokwera pamunda. Talakita, ndithudi, kutsogolo kwa njira iyi kumapambana mu ntchito. Komabe, kusintha kwina kwa akatswiri kuli ndi mphamvu, zomwe zimakwanira kulima malo akuluakulu okhala ndi malo oposa 10 000 m ² .

Mfundo Zazikulu

Posankha njira ya mtundu umenewu, munthu ayenera kutsogoleredwa ndi magulu awiri a makhalidwe. Woyamba akufotokoza mphamvu ya wokwera. Makamaka, mitundu yambiri yogwiritsiridwa ntchito kwapakhomo ili ndi injini yokhala ndi malita 4 mpaka 7. Ndi. Pafupifupi. Zosintha zamagetsi zimakhala zopitirira 10 malita. Ndi., Ndipo Mabaibulo ena apamwamba ali ndi kubwerera ku "mahatchi" 20.

Gawo lachiwiri la maonekedwe ndi magawo ogwira ntchito mwa udzu wodula. Ponena za kutalika kwa bevel, wokwerapo munda wamaluwa angakhoze kuyendetsa chivundikiro chobiriwira pamtunda wa 80-100 mm. Kuchokera pakuwona zokolola, chiwerengero cha bevel, chomwe chimasiyanasiyana ndi masentimita 70 mpaka 120, ndi chofunikira kwambiri. Zizindikiro za ntchito za mtundu wina zatsimikiziridwa kale ndi mtundu wa zowonjezeretsa. Kukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zosiyana zosiyana mu magawo ake ndi chimodzi mwa mphamvu ya okwera pa mfundo.

Kupanga makina

Kupititsa patsogolo ndi kumasulidwa kwa okwera makinawa makamaka kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makampani odziwika bwino mumunda wamakono. Ena mwa opanga opanga ndi STIGA, Viking, Husqvarna ndi Mega. Makamaka, pansi pa chithunzi cha Viking pamsika wa pakhomo, kusintha kwa MT 5097 kumagulitsidwa, komwe kuli ndi makina a hydrostatic gear, omwe amathandizira njira yolamulira. Njira yosangalatsa ndi wokwera munda "Husqvarna" mu ntchito ya PF 21 AWD. Chitsanzo ichi ndi choyenera kwa iwo amene akukonzekera kugwira ntchito mwakhama komanso nthawi zonse ndi malo akuluakulu.

Malingana ndi mitengo, ziyenera kudziwika kuti palibe malire okhwima mu gawo. Mgwirizano wotsika kwambiri umaimira zitsanzo zomwe zimagulitsa pafupifupi makilogalamu 40-60,000. Zipangizo zamakono zikhoza kupezeka kwa zikwi zana, ndi 300. Kusiyana kumeneku kumachokera ku mphamvu zogwira ntchito komanso luso ndi zomangamanga

Malingaliro abwino pa okwera

Pakati pa eni okwera kumeneko palibe anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi dacha omwe ali ndi ziwembu zawo, choncho gulu lalikulu la ogwiritsa ntchito ndi anthu omwe amagwirizana ndi ntchito yamaluwa. Iwo amadziwanso kuti palibe njira ina yotsatila. Ndipo matrekita okhala ndi zojambulidwa, ndi mitsinje yazitsamba zosiyana siyana ndi otsika kwa okwera. Ubwino wa magalimoto oterewa umaphatikizapo kuphatikiza, kugwirira ntchito, ntchito ndi ergonomics. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ogwira ntchito m'munda wachitsulo amatha kukhala ndi nthawi yayitali kuti atumikire ngakhale dera lalikulu, osagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochepa. Pa nthawi yomweyi, ogwiritsanso ntchito akuwonetseratu kuti n'zotheka kuyendetsa bwino ntchito, zomwe pamapeto pake zimapereka zotsatira.

Malingaliro olakwika

Palinso mayankho ofunika kwambiri pa ntchito ya okwera. Kawirikawiri, zimagwirizana ndi zomangamanga za makina. Wogwiritsa ntchito amafuna kudziwa zida zamakono, zomwe zimadula gawo lalikulu la wamaluwa wamaluwa kuchokera ku gawo. Ndipo izi sizikutanthauza kufunika kokonzanso ntchito, yomwe imapezeka nthawi zonse, makamaka pa ntchito yoyenera. Kuphatikiza apo, poyerekeza ndi mitsempha yowonongeka, makina amenewa amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta okha. Gasolini - chithandizo chokhazikika, chomwe chimayendetsa wokwera pamunda. Maphunziro omwe ali m'nkhaniyi akuwonetsa kuti chifukwa cha kutha, mpweya umakhala wosokonezeka, ndipo izi zingakhudze kwambiri zomera. Zosokoneza zoterezi, mwachitsanzo, sizimapezeka mumagetsi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi. Komabe, ali ndi mphamvu yosungiramo mphamvu yochepa kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa chake, zokolola sizing'ono.

Miyeso yokonza

Pambuyo pa gawo lirilonse la opaleshoni, m'pofunika kuyang'ana zida zogwirizana ndi zomangamanga. Zolephera, malo ogwirira ntchito amayeretsedwa ndipo, ngati kuli koyenera, amatetezedwa ndi mafuta oteteza. Onaninso momwe zinthu zilili ndi bokosi la gear ndi injini yozizira. Pafupifupi kamodzi pamwezi, m'pofunika kuyang'anira zikhazikitso, kuyesa kuchuluka kwa kuvala kwa mipeni ndikuwongolera, ngati pali chosowa.

Monga opanga mapepala amavomereza, patapita maola 100 akugwira ntchito mwachindunji ndikofunikira kuti m'malo mwake mukhale m'malo odulidwa. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti magudumu a okwera pamunda amatha kuvala. Kuyika mmalo mwa zigawo zikuluzikuluzi ziyenera kuchitika pamene mabowo, ming'alu, ziwonetsero ndi zolakwika zina zimapezeka. Kukonzekera kwa mawilo ndi kofunika kuti tigwiritse ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito kotheratu kwathunthu kochokera ku "chilengedwe".

Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwirizanitsa, ngakhale kuti opanga akufunafuna kugwirizanitsa makhalidwe ake, ndipo mitundu ina ya zipangizo zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi okwera.

Kutsiliza

Mchitidwe wogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zirizonse zimatsimikizira kuti magulu onse, omwe ali otsogolera ku ntchito zinazake, ndiwo abwino ndi ntchito zogwirira ntchito. Ntchito zambiri za okwera pamtsutso zimatsutsana ndi lingaliro lopapatiza luso lazinthu zamakono, koma izi zili ndi ziphatikiza zake. Komabe, munda wokwerapo amapulumutsa eni ake madera akuluakulu kuti agule mitundu yambiri yamagetsi. Ndipotu, poyamba, imagwira ntchito ya mitsempha yachitsulo, patsogolo pawo potsata zokolola. Koma ndi wokwerayo, malingana ndi kusintha kwake, angakhalenso m'malo mwa alimi, chipale chofewa ndi kuwomba kwa masamba. Chinthu china ndi chakuti kuti ntchito izi ndi zina zikhale zofunikira.