Mlamba Channel: kapangidwe ndi kubalana

Anthu zamakolo wa madzi mu North America, njira mlamba anaonekera mu Russian mkati ngakhale mu makumi asanu ndi awiri a atumwi wotsiriza. membala uyu wa ictaluridae banja - kwambiri opangidwa wa mitundu malonda wa mlamba kuti moyo mu North America, mu dziko lathu, pa malo a m'madera kum'mwera anayamba nsomba, komanso amatunga apadera popangidwa ndi CHP. matabwa ake, makhalidwe ndi peculiarities wa moyo limatiuza bukulo.

Malo malo achilengedwe

Zimachitika ambiri mu M'madera a zitunda subtropical American njira mlamba kwambiri thermophilic ndipo amamva Madamu kwambiri ndi 25-28˚S madzi kutentha. Zikuoneka kuti zizindikiro zimenezi zimathandiza kuti kuwalimbikitsa ofunda madzi oyera nyanja, omwe ndi okwanira mu zigawo chapakati America ndi kumpoto Mexico. Monga zina mlamba, njira mlamba kufika kukula chidwi kwambiri, koma bwino osati zimphona, chimachitika mlamba wamba kapena mtsinje. The makulidwe avareji njira mlamba - palibe mamita oposa theka yaitali ndi masekeli makilogalamu 5-9. Koma nsomba bwino nakulitsa pansi amatunga yokumba ndi maiwe.

Channel mlamba: kuswana mu malo yokumba

Achimereka anamutcha mlamba mphaka chifukwa chomasuka "kuweta" ndipo anatengera apamwamba kuti zinthu ukapolo. Channel mlamba ikukula mofulumira, nyama yake chikuzika, ndi chokoma, wachifundo ndi zothandiza. Industrial kuswana nsomba, umene ndi chinthu chachikulu cha minda nsomba ndi yaitali komanso mogwira mtima kwambiri chinkhoswe mu United States. Nsomba wotchuka kwambiri makamaka ndi anglers American, chifukwa aquaculture ichi ndi paliponse dziko, ikukula mofulumira ndi kukula ake kulemera.

Zochokera mu 70s mu Europe, mlamba njira bwinobwino anagwidwa mabeseni cha mitsinje Kuban ndi Don, kumene lero pali khola kuchuluka kwa anthu. Mlamba zimaŵetedwa ku M'madera a zitunda kotentha - mu mayiwe a minda nsomba pafupi Moscow ndi dera Ural, yomwe umakhala pafupi magetsi ndi ophatikizana kutentha kudutsa madzi mkangano mu malo a. Ofunda madzi nsomba kupereka omasuka chaka chonse chitukuko.

kulima dziwe

Pamene kuswana ichi ntchito mtundu wa njira zitatu m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera, minda, m'madamu kapena mchere. Nthawi zambiri ntchito ngati kuswana dziwe ndi yosafuna njira yosavuta komanso kwambiri kuti sikutanthauza mtengo zida kugula ndi ndalama ntchito ndi kochepa. Kusankha malo pomanga dziwe, kuganizira mbali yapadera:

• zimachititsa chilumbachi;
• khalidwe ndi kapangidwe wa nthaka;
• buku, ndi khalidwe madzi.

Mulingo woyenera thupi lotero madzi ankaona akuya 0,9-2 mamita kum'mwera ndi 1,8-3,5 mamita mu kumpoto, kumene nkhanza nyengo n'zotheka yozizira koopsa madzi osaya. Zaryblyayut Madamu m'chaka, madzi analimbikitsa kuti 13-15 ° C. Panthawi imeneyi, mwachangu imfa n'chochepa kwambiri kusiyana mu yophukira kukhazikitsidwa kwa juveniles. Komanso, "kasupe" mwachangu yomweyo anayamba kukula mofulumira. Ngakhale kuti mphamvu yaikulu pa nkhani zimenezi ndi kupanga chakudya, kuchuluka kwa chakudya njira mlamba alandira chifukwa zachilengedwe m'munsi chakudya dziwe.

wonena za

Channel mlamba zikuwoneka zofanana kwambiri ndi burbot. Chekeni nsomba m'goli, Umboni Wopereŵera. Backrest akuda brownish malankhulidwe wakuda kapena imvi pistachio, kuwala mimba, zimakhala zoyera lonse kwina matupi amaliseche. Amuna zimasiyana zazikazi. Iwo Amaipitsanso mdima choncho yapadera kwambiri, ndi mutu ndi lalifupi ndi onse. amuna achikulire ngati akazi ali bwino. Mu m'badwo, akulu nsomba thupi mtundu ndi chimaonekadi mdima. Chifukwa mlamba zamaangamaanga ndi mbali amatchedwa "njira" kuti oznachvet likumasuliridwa kuti "mabanga". Kuswana Aquarium kumeneko ndi albino mlamba. The mlamba mutu njira chokongoletsedwa ndi awiriawiri anayi tinyanga anakonza awiriawiri pafupi m'mphuno, ndi m'mphambano za mkamwa ndi pachigama. Nsomba ndi zipsepse lakuthwa spiny. Tiyenera kukumbukira kawopsedwe pectoral ndi dorsal zipsepse wa nsomba. Pa kukhudzana ndi izo Tisaiwale za kusamala.

Mu mlamba chochuluka kukula kwa 0.5-0.7 m, kufika kulemera kwa makilogalamu 4.5 kuti 9, ndinazoloŵera - zochepa. Mwachitsanzo, mu Don ndi Kuban kukakwera KGS osati makilogalamu oposa 5. Koma mbiri amadziwa Choncho, mbiri-kolowera: choncho pamene South Carolina anakwatulidwa mlamba njira, amene kulemedwa makilogalamu 26.

njira ya moyo

Channel mlamba ndi kukula mitundu zolusa. mlamba Young moyo ukuyenda mu mapaketi, koma msinkhu, moyo wawo zikusintha: ali wosakwatiwa, Mu kusintha kwa moyo pa "zastolblennoy" gawo. Nsomba izi zikhoza kukhala aukali ndithu, ndipo zimenezi zimaonekera makamaka pa nyengo spawning. Pakuti njira mlamba zofunika pogona - zosiyanasiyana snags, mayenje, grooves. Mutsogolerane ndi malo oyera ndiponso ndi mchenga kapena ndilamiyala pansi, mlamba ndi moyo yekha, osonyeza ntchito enviable mu kusakasaka lapansi.

The mlamba njira akudyetsedwa?

Mlamba miyambo zakudya: nsomba yaing'ono, nkhanu ndi invertebrates. Wofala chakudya cha iye tizilombo zosiyanasiyana m'madzi kapena nyama zing'onozing'ono. Akukhulupirira kuti njira mlamba pafupifupi omnivorous, kudyetsa benthic khalidwe iye.

Spawning: kukonzekera

Mwambo wofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa aliyense wokhala wa posungira ndi spawning. Yotero ndi njira mlamba, chithunzi chimene anapereka m'buku. Mu chikhalidwe, mlamba spawns kuyambira m'ma April kuti July. Iye amafuna n'kupeza derali chete mitsinje, ang'ono chete nyanja. Madzi, mulingo woyenera spawning, ayenera usavutike 20-25˚S. Monga nyama zambiri, patsogolo spawning aukali ndewu imene amuna. Nthawi zambiri ndewu awa kuthetsa kupwetekedwa, kuvulala kapena imfa ya adani a ofooka.

Kamodzi nthunzi anapanga, ndi madzi mu madzi analimbikitsa kuti kutentha anakhumba, mwamuna asankha malo obisika, kawirikawiri pafupi ndi gombe, ndipo akuyamba kumanga zisa kuyeretsedwa bwino sludge pansi ndi zinyalala zosiyanasiyana.

Kusamalira zomangamanga

Akazi kutchera 2-3 mazira anakonza zitsulo zigawo, lirilonse la yomweyo zamphongo zimapereka bere wamwamuna amacheza dongosolo lonse kwa maola 4 mpaka 12. Zomangamanga ndi zotanuka mapangidwe zowoneka ofanana chinkhupule ndi wopangidwa mwa mazira yowala lalanje yozungulira mwamphamvu chokhudzana ndi mnzake. Pambuyo spawning mwamuna, monga bambo chabwino, iye akuyamba kuteteza mazira ndi mkazi amayendetsa kutali. Ndi ndondomeko iye akutenga chinthu chofunika kwambiri, osati amateteza zowalamulira wapatali, koma nthawi kugwedeza zipsepse zake, kulenga kupeza madzi abwino kwa zimaswana mapangidwe a. Akutukuka mazira kwa maola 120-122. Pamaso kuswa mazira mdima ndipo iwo akhoza kuwona hulking baleen mazira, kenako mwamuna akadali kwambiri polojekiti. Sanalinso agwedeza mazira ndi modekha fanning ake ndi zipsepse wake. Pamene mazira kuwasandutsa wosabadwayo, sayenda awo alipo ochepa kwambiri, ndipo akhalebe pa chisa, kupanga masango wandiweyani kusintha. Mazira m'mitambo awa, masango imakonzedwa mutu pakati ndi michira ndi zoyenda zonse. Nature ndi anzeru, ndipo zimenezi zimathandiza mazira kulenga mkati mmene kanyamaka otaya madzi, amatsuka kutali muli ndi mazira akufa. Ndi zaka, iwo timagwira ntchito kwambiri, koma unachitikira kufupi ndi chisa. Patapita masiku 2-3 mphutsi kale akhoza kusambira mpaka pamwamba pa madziwo. Pankhaniyi, ndi kusambira chikhodzodzo a mphutsi kwa nthawi yoyamba wodzazidwa ndi mpweya ndi thupi mtundu kumatheka, ndi mphutsi kukhala imvi.

Mlamba mphutsi anayamba kudya zomera kale Pa tsiku lachinayi, ndipo patapita masiku angapo iwo zikukangalika kudya zoobenthos, minced nsomba, wosanganiza chakudya. Channel mlamba mwachangu kukula mofulumira kwambiri, mofulumira kupeza kulemera.

nsomba

The ngwazi ya buku lino ndi chidwi kwambiri masewera nsomba, monga akatswiri woona akhoza kulimbitsa wotero mdani wamphamvu monga njira mlamba. Usodzi dziko - thupi nsomba, wotchuka mu America ndi kupitirirabe kumeneko chaka mpaka iwo akhala chikhalidwe Russia. asodzi zoweta lero sadziwa moyo uno m'madzi, kuyambira dera yogawa thermophilic mlamba bwinobwino. Koma mennee wabwino dziphunzitsiranso mphamvu nsomba, kukula mofulumira m'galasi ndi kukoma kwambiri nyama ndi kukopa anthu amalonda amene bungwe kulima mlamba dziwe, ndi asodzi kale potenga gawo pa mpikisano mu masewera nsomba.