Belarus Cities: zokopa Orchies

Ena amapita kukaona zinthu zakale kupita ku mtunda transcendental, ngakhale pa nthaka kunyumba, pali zipilala wapadera kuona kutali kale, kukhudza mbiri ya anthu ake. zinthu izi chidwi akhoza kudzitama pafupifupi onse mizinda ya Belarus. Mwa iwo wotchedwa Orsha, ulendo omwe ndithu kusiya zambiri zidindo aluntha.

mawu ochepa A mbiri

Popeza nthawi makedzana, ndi Nkhani ya Belarus. Orsha ili mbali ya kum'mawa, ndi m'badwo mofanana Minsk. Nthawi yoyamba amatchulidwa wotchuka "nthano ya makedzana Zaka". Tikuyankhula zokhudza chaka 1067, pamene kukhulupilira Vseslav Polotsk pa bwato munawoloka mtsinje, kuti Orsha kukumana akalonga Yaroslaviches. Anthu alendo anagwidwa ndi m'ndende. Only ndiye mudzi koma mudzi musatchule Orsha ndi Rsha (dzimbiri). "O" Chinawonjezeka ina. Kuyambira pamenepo, zambiri zabwino ndi zoipa tapenya dziko. Iwo anali gawo la za ukulu wa Polotsk, mu Lithuania, mu Russian, mpaka pambuyo ulimi October sanakhale mbali ya Chibelarusi Soviet Republic. The kusintha kwa mwini wina ndi mzake nthaŵi zonse ndi asilikali lolemera. umboni wotsimikizira za kuphedwa wamagazi, amatchedwa "Nkhondo ya Orsha", Russia ndi Lithuania zinachitika pa nkhondo (1514). Napoleon, nayenso, ukali ndi kutentha Orsha. Mwa njira, commandant ndiye panali Marie-Anri Beyl, bwino kwa ife monga Stendhal kwambiri. Yoweyula lotsiriza la chiwonongeko ndi mantha chinapululutsa mzindawu pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. chisoni kwambiri anabweretsa Nazi, koma Orsha kachiwiri wauka phulusa, ndipo tsopano mwansangala asatambira alendo ake onse.

Location ndi msewu kugwirizana

Pali midzi yambiri ndi dzina la Orsha. Mwachitsanzo, mu Russia pali midzi atatu mu Pskov ndi Tver madera dzina chomwecho, wa'mudzi wa Orsha (Belarus) lili 200 Km from Minsk kummawa, ndi 80 kuchokera ku Vitebsk m'njira kum'mwera. mzinda anayala Orshitsa pa kamwa, pa magombe a mtsinje ndi Dnieper. mzinda wakhala anagona pa maulendo malonda kwambiri ku Russia ndi Poland ndi Ukraine. Tsopano ilo likutchedwa "East Chipata" a Belarus. Orsha kudutsa misewu iwiri mayiko (M1 ndipo M8). M1, yotchuka wotchedwa Olympic, yaperekedwa. Ndiponso, kudzera Orsha kupita njira Krichev Belarus, Mogilev, Vitebsk, Lepel, Dubrovno ndi Shklov.

zoyendera njanji

Kokani kuti Orsha zotheka ndi njanji. Back mu 1871 anayamba kuyala woyamba yakumadzulo / imelo nthambi olumikizidwa kwa Smolensk ndi Brest. Zimene zinachitikazi inasintha mbiri ya mzinda. Ngakhale Orsha wakhala anali ndi udindo wofunika ngati malonda ndi likulu zachuma, "chidutswa cha chitsulo" Motero chinalipo pamene chinthu zimene zinachititsa kuti kukula fantastically mofulumira ndi chitukuko cha mzinda. N'chifukwa chake Orsha zokopa monga mndandanda wa zaka nthunzi sitima ataima pa malo a ulemu pa Station Central. Ndipo milimo yokha anamangidwa mu 1912, ndi chipilala mapulani. Pamaso pake, panali wina, matabwa pasiteshoni ya sitima, koma sanakhale ndi moyo mpaka lero. Orsha ndi yaikulu yakumadzulo / likulu kumene sitima mayiko sanafike ku Moscow, St. Petersburg, Vilnius, Lvov, Kiev, Chisinau. Palinso commuter, Orsha kulumikiza ndi m'mizinda yambiri ndi m'matawuni a Belarus.

The wakale chipilala kwambiri

Kuyenda Orsha, alendo amadabwa kuchuluka kwa nyumba ndi zizindikiro "mtengo zakale ndi chikhalidwe." Likukhalira pali pafupifupi nyumba ndi chikhomo. Komabe, pali wina amapatsidwa ulemu kwambiri malo, zimene zikusonyeza pafupifupi mapu alendo mzinda wa Orsha. Izi Site ya m'linga wakale (kapena Chimulu cha Dothi). zaka kuno zambiri zapitazo anaima Orsha Castle, umene ndi kuyamba moyo wake mu mzinda. zaka zisanu zapitazo, iye anali oopsa wokongola mwamuna ndi nsanja faifi, pa mikono mfuti, arquebuses, gakovnitsy. Mwatsoka, ndi kusiya yekha m'chifanizo pa mapu akale inde kulemba chipata mkulu. Koma ili ndi malo wopatulika a m'tauni ya. Iwo amanena kuti pali ngakhale Chimwala yapadera yomwe kuchiza matenda aliwonse. Ndipo iwo amanena kuti pali pansi loko ndi kiyi ali ndime chinsinsi, anakafika ku "White Kovel" - wina Nyumbayi dilapidated m'mudzi wapafupi wa Smolyan.

amonke

Mchitidwe umenewu, ntchito kapena ayi, nthawi zonse kukopa tcheru. Tikhoza kunena ndi odziwika kwambiri wakale wa Orsha. M'mizinda yawo angapo. Kucein wamwamuna Woyera Epiphany, anamanga pa mtsinje Kuteinke mu 1620, anakumana ndi heyday ndi chisokonezeko wathunthu. Poyamba anali nyumba yosindikizira linatsegulidwa pano ndi anamasulidwa woyamba Chibelarusi "phunziroli". Tsopano agulupa ndi mpingo Woyera Utatu naye kachiwiri limzake. Ovutika Basilian obisika, kumene kuli mmodzi yekha dilapidated nyumba. Kuyambira agulupa ya Utatu komanso kupulumutsa pang'ono, koma makoma ake tsopano ndi mzinda kaundula ofesi, ndipo anapitiriza fresco chidwi, kotero kuti adzaima kwa nthawi yaitali. Koma Mfundo ansembe yotchedwa, anapulumuka atasokonezeka, ndi moto, anamanganso ndi ntchito kachiwiri. obisika Republic ndi kubwezeretsedwa n'kuikonzanso. Lero ndi Mpingo wa St. Iosifa Obruchnika.

The Collegium wotchuka

Akulankhula za zinthu zokopa za Orsha, ndi Sitinganyalanyaze Jesuit College. Anakhazikitsidwa mu 1612, izo opareshoni mpaka 1820. Collegium nyumba ndi wokongola kwambiri. Iwo osati kwathunthu kubwezeretsedwa, komanso wodzilemekeza ndi zokongola wotchi nsanja. Tsopano apa gallery, laibulale ndi ana a Komiti Executive lapansi. Mu zaka XVII-XVIII ndi sukulu ana a osankhika a m'tawuni, Orsha zisudzo, ntchito Mpingo bungwe. Agulupa analipo bursa, laibulale wabwino, yogonamo sukulu ana asukulu ku midzi yakutali. Lero, pafupi Collegium chilungamo, onse zochitika mzinda, zikondwerero, nyimbo ndi zosangalatsa mapulogalamu.

zokopa zamakono

Achikumbutso ndi zipilala wodzipereka kwa kulimbana amunamuna mfulu ndi Nazi komanso zimapanga Orsha zokopa. Belarus kuti n'chopatulika kukumbukira zokometsera awo ndi liberators, chifukwa m'dziko imeneyi Anazi anawononga firii kotala ya anthu. Kuliganizira mwa achinyamata ndi alendo ndi chikumbukiro zovuta "Pakuti Mama athu Soviet" (dzina lachiwiri la "Katyusha"). Iwo wayesedwa Orsha Ndi chida chimene chinayambitsa Germany mantha. Mu 1941, mu zipolopolo penapake experimental anachotsedwa pa masekondi 8 kwathunthu kuwononga sitima ndi luso German. Ndi mu Orsha, osati kuyala maluwa pa chiundo kusafa, pamene pali ochepa padziko lapansi Brest linga.

Ndipo ana mosakayikira kusangalala ndi kuyenda kudutsa paki zodabwitsa "Dreamland", kumene inu mungakhoze kuwona Gulliver, ng'ona Gena, kuimba za accordion kubadwa, genie ndi zina zambiri ankakonda maphwando a zilembo nthano. Pabwalopo pali ngakhale sitima yaing'ono, sitima ipitirirabe ana mokondwera ndi wamira maluwa ndi greenery makwalala.

zakale

Nkhani kuona Orsha chingakhale chosakwanira popanda kutchula kwa zakale za ankakhala mu mzinda ndi chigawo.

Nthawi zonse otchuka ndi alendo Ethnography Museum "Mlyn" ili wokalamba nyumba mphero. Mozama kuchokera Lachiwiri kuti Sunday, 10 m'mawa mpaka 6 koloko madzulo.

Posachedwapa kwambiri anatsegula yomweyo anakhala ndiwotani Museum ziboliboli matabwa. zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho zake zonse kwa luso wogoba Semenom Shavrovym. ziboliboli akuwoneka kotero chenicheni choti iwo amaoneka moyo. M'nyumbayi pali msonkhano umene otsatira mabwana luso ankaphunzitsidwa luso la kusema obwera onse.

Suli kutali ndi mzinda, m'mudzi wa Lev, akuthamanga zovuta kusunga Yanka Kupala. Ndi lotseguka kwa alendo tsiku lililonse kupatula Lolemba.

Ndipo malo amodzi muyenera kutsatira - Museum wa olimbanawo Zaslonova, mutu wakale zigawenga asilikali chigawo Orsha.