Beethoven ndi Oimba ena German

Osati m'dziko lina mu dziko anapatsa anthu ambiri analemba lalikulu, monga Germany. malingaliro Traditional za Germany, monga anthu ambiri zomveka ndi pedantic kusokonekera wotero chuma cha luso loimba (ngakhale ndi ndakatulo kwambiri). Oimba German Bach, Handel, Beethoven, Brahms, Mendelssohn, Schumann, Schubert, Arf, Wagner - uwu si mndandanda wa oimba aluso amene analenga kuchuluka zosaneneka za katswiri nyimbo ya Mitundu ambiri osiyana.

Oimba German Johann Sebastian Bach ndi Johann Georg Handel, onse anabadwa mu 1685, maziko a nyimbo zachikhalidwe ndi kutsogozedwa Germany kwa "mzere kutsogolo 'a dziko music, komwe poyamba chogwidwa ndi Italy. Wanzeru Bach, si bwinobwino ndipo anazindikira a m'nthawi yake, iye anaika maziko amphamvu amene pambuyo anakulira lonse chakale nyimbo.

The kwambiri analemba chakale Haydn, Mozart ndi L.Beethoven ndi nthumwi yowala wa Viennese sukulu chakale - motsogozedwa nyimbo kunabadwa a XVIII mochedwa - oyambirira XIX zaka. Dzina "Viennese Classics" amatanthauza nawo analemba Austria, ndipo kodi anali Haydn ndi Mozart. Patapita kanthawi iwo anasonkhana pamodzi ndi Ludwig galimoto Beethoven - German Wolemba (mbiri ya m'mayiko ena inextricably zogwirizana ndi mzake).

Great German yemwe anamwalira mu umphawi ndi payekha, anapeza m'zaka za kutchuka ndi dziko lake. German Achikondi analemba (Schumann, Schubert, Brahms ndi ena), komanso chi analemba German monga Paulo Hindemith, Richard Strauss, anataya ntchito kutali classicism Komabe, kuzindikira chikoka chachikulu Beethoven pa ntchito ya aliyense wa iwo.

Ludwig galimoto Beethoven

Beethoven anabadwa mu Bonn mu 1770 ku banja la woyimba osauka ndi kumwa. Ngakhale bongo, bambo anali kuona talente imodzi ya mwana wake woyamba, ndipo anayamba kumuphunzitsa nyimbo. Iye ankafuna kuti yachiwiri Ludwig Mozart (bambo Mozart a bwinobwino anasonyeza kuti anthu ake "chozizwitsa mwana" kwa zaka 6). Ngakhale nkhanza za atate wake, kuchita naye mwana wake tsiku lonse, Beethoven ankakonda nyimbo kutifotokozera, zaka zisanu ndi zinayi, iye "kuchepa" wake mu ntchito, ndi khumi - anayamba kuthandiza bwalo limba.

Pa 22, Beethoven kumanzere Bonn ndipo anapita Vienna, pamene iye anatenga zimene tiphunzire maestro Haydn. Mu likulu Austria, padziko lonse anazindikira chimake cha nyimbo, Beethoven msanga anatchuka mofanana ndi katswiri woimba limba. Koma ntchito za Wolemba pa, wodzazidwa ndi maganizo chipwirikiti ndi sewero, sanali waife anthu Viennese. Beethoven munthu, sanali "yabwino" kwa ena - izo zikhoza kukhala kuti lakuthwa, zamwano, chimwemwe mosadziletsa, ndi zakuda ndi morose. makhalidwe amenewa achititsa kuti bwino Beethoven m'deralo, iye ankaona luso eccentric.

Vuto la moyo wa Beethoven - ugonthi. Matendawa amachititsa moyo wake, makamaka chatsekedwa ndipo ndinali wosungulumwa. Momvetsa kwa Wolemba anali kulenga ntchito za namatetule, ndipo konse kuphedwa awo. Ugonthi sanali kuswa Mzimu wamphamvu wa mbuye, anapitiriza kulenga. Pamene adatha wogontha, Beethoven yekha imachitika wanzeru 9 Symphony ndi wotchuka "Ode Chimwemwe" mawu a Schiller. Mphamvu ndi chidaliro nyimbo, makamaka anapatsidwa zinthu zomvetsa chisoni moyo wolemba kotero kunyezimira.

Popeza 1985, Beethoven a "Ode Chimwemwe" mankhwalawa Herbert Von Karajan anamuzindikira nduna EU nyimbo. Romain Rolland analemba nyimbo zimenezi: ". Wonse wa anthu akutambasula manja ake kumwamba ... iri yofulumira kwa chisangalalo ndi amayikanikiza kuti chifuwa chake"