Barkov Ivan: biogrfaiya zankhanza ndakatulo

Barkov Ivan Semenovich - Mlakatuli komanso womasulira kwa zaka za m'ma 18, mlembi wa ndakatulo zolaula, woyambitsa wa "oletsedwa" zolembalemba mtundu wanyimbo - "Barkovshchina".

Barkovshchina - osadulamo zoipa zolembalemba kalembedwe

Chikhochi ndi chimodzi mwa alakatuli kwambiri Russian; ntchito zake - mavesi manyazi, n'zosadabwitsa kaphatikizidwe chipongwe, amvekere ndi kutukwana sangakhoze kuwerenga m'sukulu ndi mayunivesite, ndipo zambiri mwa chinsinsi. Nthawi zonse panali anthu amene mukufuna kuti ayanjane ndi ntchito za wolemba wathuwu. Ndi chiyambi cha 1992 ndi Ivan Barkov inayamba kusindikizidwa mu mabuku otchuka monga "Nyenyezi", "zolembalemba Review", "Library" ndi ena.

Ivan Barkov: A MBIRI

Iye anabadwa mwina mu 1732 mu wansembe banja. maphunziro koyamba unachitika mu seminare pa Alexander Nevsky ansembe yotchedwa, mu 1748 mothandizidwa ndi M. V. Lomonosova anadzakhala wophunzira yunivesite pa Academy of Sciences. The sukulu anasonyeza chizolowezi makamaka zaumunthu, anali otanganidwa yomasulira komanso kuphunzira ntchito za olemba mabuku akale. Komabe, kusalankhula khalidwe Barkov, nthawi zonse kumwa, ndewu, achipongwe Rector anakhala chifukwa kuchotsedwa wake mu 1751. Kuzichepetsa wophunzira kuzindikiridwa mwana mu yofalitsa maphunziro ndipo anapatsidwa mphamvu yake yapadera anapatsidwa chilolezo m'kalasi mu zolimbitsa thupi la Chifalansa ndi Chijeremani, komanso kuphunzira kuchokera ku SP Krasheninnikov "Russian kalembedwe".

Pantchito yake monga wokopera Malemba ndi

Kenako, kuyambira makina Barkov Ivan iye anasamutsidwa kuti wokopera mu ofesi maphunziro. udindo watsopano asiya mnyamata kucheza kwambiri ndi M. V. Lomonosovym, zomwe nthawi zambiri makope a zikalata ndi kukopera ntchito zake, kuphatikizapo "Ancient Russian History" ndi "Russian galamala". Wonyong'onya, mobwerezabwereza ntchito wakhala mlembi kwa zinachitikira Barkov zosangalatsa, chifukwa anali limodzi ndi malangizo chidwi ndi University malongosoledwe. Ndipo kwenikweni anali kupitiriza maphunziro a ku yunivesite kwa wophunzira analephera.

Woyamba ntchito zolembalemba Barkov

Woyamba palokha ntchito Ivana Barkova anakhala "mwachidule mbiri ya Russia", lofalitsidwa mu 1762. Malinga ndi G. F. Millera, kafukufuku mbiri kuyambira nthawi ya Rurik kwa Peter mudziwe lipoti molondola ndi kwathunthu kusiyana Mwachitsanzo, mu ntchito ya Voltaire mbiri ya Russia pansi Peter Wamkulu. Ankalemba tsiku lobadwa ode kwa Peter III mu 1762 Barkov Ivan kunaikidwiratu pa Academy of otembenuza, zimene zinachititsa kuti zikamera wa apamwamba ndi wodzala zolembalemba kumasulira ulemu. Mosavuta katswiri mokoma odic ndakatulo, wolemba sanali bwino ndekha polemba chinenero ichi, chimene m'tsogolo angakubwezereninso kutchuka kwa nduna ndakatulo ndi kupititsa kungakupatseni. Kenako Barkov Ivan wokonzedwera kwa kusindikiza (atathana malo achilendo, malo anawonjezera lemba, kusintha kwa kalembedwe akale, kusinthasintha kwa kuwerenga zambiri mwachilengedwe) Radziwill Chronicle, amene bwino lomwe rewriting izo kwa University. ntchito imeneyi mopepuka kugulu mwayi kufufuza lodalirika mabuku a mbiri yakale, linasindikizidwa mu 1767.

Ndakatulo, amene ali kovuta amagwira

Koposa zonse, wolemba ndakatulo Ivan Barkov, wotchuka mavesi nthabwala zili zolaula zomwe zinachititsa kuti zikamera a mtundu wanyimbo latsopano "Barkovshchina". Mwachionekere, monga chitsanzo kwa zikamera wa mizere free, woyamba tsankho buku la umene unachitika mu Russia mu 1991, anakhala Russian folklore ndi zosafunikira French ndakatulo. Maganizo za Barkov osiyana ndi umasemphana kotheratu. Choncho, Chekhov ankakhulupirira kuti ndakatulo iyi, yomwe kungakhale kovuta kuti ndibwereze. Leo Tolstoy wotchedwa Ivan fairground chisudzo, ndi Pushkin ankaganiza kuti cholinga cha izo ndi zinthu zonse amatchedwa maina awo. Barkov mavesi ataonera tisangalale zimakondwerera ophunzira, ndi zolemba wake mu nkhani pa chakudya zinathandiza kuti chete kwa Denis Davydov, Griboyedov, Pushkin, Delvig. Barkovskaya mavesi amene tamutchula Nikolai Nekrasov.

Mosiyana ndi ntchito za Marquis de A Sade, sweetens zosiyanasiyana zomverera chosemphana ndi vuto awiri, Barkov Ivan m'kukoma yachibadwa olephera, popanda kudutsa mzere ena woletsedwa. Ziri chabe Kabatsky assessor, kuti tsokali wake anapatsidwa talente ndakatulo ndi nzeru. Anafotokoza kuti zolaula ndi chinyezimiro cha moyo Russian ndi khalidwe loipa, amene lero mpaka pano mwa mbali chidwi kwambiri pa moyo chikhalidwe. Palibe mabuku, palibe kutukwana chimene chingalowe kotero Mochititsa chidwi "mu Russian" kulumbira ndakatulo, monga anachitira Ivan Barkov.

A oseketsa akufa ...

M'nthawi anakhulupirira Ivan Barkov munthu wosadziletsa kwambiri. Anthu aenda ku nthano kuti Barkov Komabe, ndi kumwa kwambiri, koma anali kukonda kwambiri ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri ku munda zibwenzi wake mwachisawawa ndi anzake.

Barkov Ivan Semenovich, Wambiri zomwe zimachititsa m'badwo panopa chidwi, ankakhala moyo womvetsa chisoni, ndi kumwa masiku onse a moyo wake ndipo anamwalira ali ndi zaka 36. Unakhalabe zinthu zosadziwika imfa yake ndi manda. Koma mabaibulo mapeto a moyo wake kulemera yochepa. Pa mmodzi wa iwo, wolemba ndakatulo anamwalira mu mahule kumenyedwa, winayo akunena kuti iye anamira tikalowe ndi, kutha kudya ndi. Iwo amanena kuti anthu ena apeza kuti mtembo wa Barkov mu ofesi yake ndi mutu wake anaponyera m'ng'anjo cholinga cha mpweya monoxide poizoni, ndi kumutulutsira theka pansi pa thupi palibe mathalauza munakhala mu cholemba ake: "Panali - uchimo ndi imfa - nzosatheka." Ngakhale, malinga n'kunena kwa Baibulo lina, mawu a ndakatulo iyi Asanamwalire.