Ndakatulo Julian Tuwim: yonena ndi ntchito

Ngakhale ndili mwana, timakumana ndi oseketsa ndakatulo Yuliana Tuvima: za Pan Trulyalinskogo, Aunt Valya ndi magalasi, ABC, chimene chinagwa mbaula, kupusitsa Janek za masamba, amene Hostess kumabweretsa kumsika. Mtundu ndi moseketsa mizere Tuwim ndakatulo tikuona m'maganizo athu. Kutiuza ndime izi zodabwitsa ndakatulo ana Samuil Marshak.

Ena ana ndi makolo awo anali n'komwe kuti ndakatulo awo ankakonda Marshak mizere sanalembedwe, koma wina. Mu Russia Tuvim zindikira ochepa, tiyeni tiyese kudzaza kusiyana izi.

Julian Tuwim: yonena, zilandiridwenso

moyo wonse zotsutsana. Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti Julian Tuwim - ndakatulo ana. Mwatsoka, anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti iye polemba akuluakulu chinkhoswe mu Mabaibulo. Munthu uyu anaphunzitsidwa Poland m'mabuku Russian zachikhalidwe. The ndakatulo ya Aleksandra Pushkina, Borisa Pasternaka, Vladimira Mayakovskogo, Afanasiya Feta ndipo ngakhale "Ikani" mpata Polyakov Yulian Tuvim.

Anabadwa iye - September 18, 1884. Iye anabadwa mu mzinda Polish wa Lodz Ayuda m'banja, koma ankaona yekha Pole. Chibadwire mwanayo atamva mawu Polish, agogo ake ntchito mu magazini Polish, amayi anaimba nyimbo ndi kuwerenga ndakatulo mu Polish. Banja silinali lolemera osati ochezeka kwambiri, koma mwanayo anali wosangalala, kodi mungatani sangalalani ndi osasamala paubwana pokha.

Kusukulu, Julian ankakonda zaumunthu, koma sayansi yeniyeni anapatsidwa ndi vuto lalikulu, makamaka masamu, chifukwa Tuvim ngakhale anakhala chaka chachiwiri mu sitandade sikisi. Nditamaliza sukulu ya sekondale, anayamba University of Warsaw, woyamba mu Dipatimenti ya Zamalamulo ndi ndipo umasamutsidwa ku philological, koma konse itatha. ntchito m'ndakatulo ndi kupewedwa nthawi zonse kusokonezeka pa maphunziro awo.

Ndi chiyambi cha nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse anali wokwatiwa, ana awo analibe banja, koma banjali amenewa mwana analeredwera. Kupulumutsa moyo wake, iwo anakakamizika kuthawa Poland. Zisanu ndi zaka anakhala mu ukapolo Tuwim. M'mayiko ena, kokha nthawi imeneyi ayi kutsegulidwa: Romania, France, Brazil, Italy ndi America. Mu Poland, anabwerera ndi chaka chimodzi chokha nkhondo itatha. chifukwa cha mawu ndi nzeru zake sizidzatha Only kupulumuka mu zaka yovuta ya Julian Tuwim. The yonena za munthu uyu kwambiri ndi chisoni maganizo, koma ngakhale, iye anali zonse ziyenda ndi kupatsira yowazungulira.

ntchito lapamtima

Iye inandisangalatsa zimapangidwira, iye ankakonda kuchita zatsopano zosiyanasiyana. Mmodzi kuyesera ngati pang'ono kutha tsoka, kuphulika kunachitika mu labu nyumba. Pambuyo pake, Julian adaganiza kuti asankhe kumulakalaka zochepa zachiwawa ndipo anayamba kusonkhanitsa masitampu ndi agulugufe.

Koma chibwana amalikonda inali ntchito ndi mawu. Iye ankakonda iwo amafananirako, kuti mukupanga ma latsopano. Iye akanakhoza kulemba ndime chilinganizo mu masamu ndi kagawo ku lemba mbiri. Ngakhale kuti Tuwim ankakonda amafananirako mawu, kulemba ndakatulo, iye sanatero mwakamodzi. Mwambowu ena mantha chowiringula. Izo zinachitika pamene Julian anakhala bwino ndakatulo ya Leopold Wogwila. ndakatulo wake wakantha ndingaliro ya mnyamata, moyo wake mwakwiya, ndipo adadza kwa Iye kufuna kulemba ndakatulo.

Ndakatulo Julian Tuwim

Buku loyamba zinachitika mu magazini eksperantistskom, anamasulira ndakatulo awiri Staffa mu chinenero Chiesperanto. Mabaibulo adzachite pa moyo wake. Patapita zaka ziwiri iye analemba ndakatulo yake yoyamba, "Chonde."

andakatulo lapamtima, amene nthawizonse ndinkafuna kukhala Tuwim anakhala Artyur Rembo, Kochanowski, Slovak, Alexander Pushkin, Alexander Blok, Vladimir Mayakovsky ina. Kuyambira olemba Tuwim kwambiri ankakonda nkhani ndi Nikolaya Gogolya, makamaka St. Petersburg mkombero.

Kwa kanthawi wolemba analemba siteji: vaudeville, zidutswa zoseketsa, koma ndakatulo kwenikweni anapambana. Tuwim anakhala nthawi ya mavuto okhudzidwa: Kukwera October mu Russia, World nkhondo yoyamba, nkhondo yachiwiri yogwiritsa ntchito Poland, kotero ndakatulo ake anali andale m'chilengedwe. Iye sakanakhoza kukhala kutali ndi chochitika ndi maganizo ake onse, chochititsa manyazi ndi chopusa wake kanthawi, anapeza njira mu ndime. Axamwali sanamvetse iye, ndi kudana adani, koma ndakatulo sakanakhoza kuchita mosiyana. Kamodzi anayamba njira kutumikira choonadi, kuchepetsa Tuwim sanali kupita kwa iye.

The mtundu wanyimbo ambiri ankakonda adakali Zotengera, iye ankakonda kulemba epigrams, aphorisms. mizere mwamphamvu owerenga amakakamizidwa ndikafe pamodzi ndi kuseka ndi kugula magazini iliyonse, kumene iye akanakhoza kusindikizidwa Julian Tuwim. Kumapeto kwa moyo wake pafupi kutha kulemba ndakatulo, ndi amene analemba, apangidwe m'madirowa, Zitsulo ambiri amatha kuwerenga kokha pambuyo pa imfa yake. ndakatulo Tuwim ndi matanthauzo ndi akatswiri mphamvu kudutsa mu akamanena za zinthu, womwe iye analemba.

mfundo Moyo ndakatulo

1. Musaweruze munthu ndi mtundu, koma ndi chomwe chiri, ndi wochenjera kapena opusa, kuchenjera kapena zophweka, zoipa kapena zabwino.

2. konse kuima kumbali ya mavuto. Ndale ndi ntchito, ngati munthu ali ndi chikumbumtima, iye sakanakhoza kupirira naye pambali.

3. mavuto onse a moyo kunyamula ndi nthabwala.

"Polish Maluwa"

ntchito zofunika kwambiri za Julian Tuwim anayamba kulemba ukapolo. "Mitundu ya Poland" - ndakatulo kwa Zitsulo, monga kwambiri pamene kwa Russian "Eugene Onegin," Pushkin ndi English "Don Juan," Byron. Encyclopedia moyo Polish otchedwa otsutsa ake. Iye walemba pafupifupi zisanu ndi zinayi zikwi mizere, koma mwatsoka, ntchito imeneyi Tuwim sanamalize.

Polish ndakatulo Jaroslav Ivashkevich otchedwa Tuwim wamatsenga amene knits bouquets wa maluwa. Ndipo za ndakatuloyi yokha ananena kuti n'zotheka kumvetsera ndi kuwerenga umasinthasintha, kusangalala waulemu nyimbo mizere.

Ilya Ehrenburg ndi Tuwim

Julian anali kutikonda kwambiri Russia, chikhalidwe Russian wakhala chisoni chakuti si anakhala mu dziko mu ukapolo wake.

Mu 1922 iye anakomana Russian wolemba Iley Erenburgom. Iwo mosavuta anapeza chinenero, zinali zosangalatsa kwambiri kulankhula, ngakhale iwo kawirikawiri anakumana. Ehrenburg analankhula za Tuwim ngati mfiti kwambiri ndi moyo wangwiro ndipo ananena kuti "anthu ochepa ndinkakukonda kwambiri ndi malodza ..."

anafunika

Onse amene anatenga lodabwitsa ili, luso munthu, anachita kwakukuru. Satirical, ndakatulo ana, utolankhani, Mabaibulo wanzeru - kuposa osati kuchita pa moyo wake Julian Tuwim. Ndakatulo ... Komabe, iye anali yemwe anali nkhani zikuluzikulu za tsogolo lake, iye anadzipereka moyo wake wonse, aafupi koma yowala kwambiri.

Pa talente kunyumba Tuwim anali amaikidwa kwambiri. Ankati iye anali kupereka dongosolo la kubadwanso kwa Poland. Iye anakumbukira ulemu ngakhale zaka pambuyo pa imfa yake mu 2013 kunyumba Tuwim anatsimikizidwa Chaka chikumbukiro iye.

Mwatsopano monga ndimweko a madzi pa chitsime, chodzaza mokondwera nthabwala ndakatulo Yuliana Tuvima pa gawo lamanja la chuma golide andakatulo ana. m'badwo kuposa wina chidzakula pa iwo, ndi ana masiku ano kuwerenga mavesi a ndakatulo ameneyu ana ake.