Angapo ofoola ziwalo: zizindikiro choyamba. Angapo sclerosis: zimayambitsa, matenda, mankhwala

Multiple sclerosis ndi matenda aakulu omwe amakhudzidwa ndi ubongo ndi ubongo. Zimapezeka chifukwa cha foliyumu pa myelin. Ndi minofu yochuluka yomwe ili pafupi ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha ya ubongo ndi ubongo, yomwe imateteza iwo monga kusungunula kwa mawaya a magetsi. Kugonjetsedwa kwa khola la myelin kumapangitsa kuti kufalikira kwa fosi kumapitirire mu CNS.

Matendawa sayenera kusokonezeka ndi senile sclerosis. Mawu oti "palibe" mu dzina lake amatanthawuza zochepa kuposa kukhalapo kwa foci yaing'ono ya matendawa, omwe amaoneka kuti amabalalika pa dongosolo la manjenje. Koma "matenda a sclerosis" amasonyeza mtundu wa matendawa. Ichi ndi minofu yofiira yomwe imawoneka ngati chipika. Mu mankhwala, amatchedwa sclerotized.

Kukula kwa matenda

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ena ambiri amakhala achinyamata kuyambira zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zisanu kudza makumi anai. Koma matendawa ndi osiyana. Nthawi zina zimayambira ali mwana komanso m'zaka zokalamba. Komabe, munthu atadutsa malire ake zaka makumi asanu, chiopsezo cha matendawa chikucheperapo kangapo.

Matenda ambiri m'mabambo amawoneka katatu kuposa amuna. Koma amalekerera mosavuta matendawa.

Kufalikira kwa matendawa kumakhudzidwa ndi zikhalidwe ndi malo amitundu. Choncho, makamaka matendawa amagwira anthu ochokera kumpoto kwa America ndi kumpoto kwa Ulaya. Izi zimachokera ku kusowa kwa vitamini D, yomwe imapangidwa mu thupi la munthu motsogoleredwa ndi dzuwa. Koma anthu a ku Koreya, a Chitchaina ndi a Chijapani sakudziwa pang'ono za matendawa.

Ndiyani winanso amene amakhudzidwa ndi multiple sclerosis? Gulu loopsya ndilo anthu okhala m'midzi ikuluikulu. Kumidzi, kumakhala kovuta. Zonsezi zikusonyeza kuti kukula kwa multiple sclerosis kumakhudzidwa ndi malo osasangalatsa.

Matendawa ndi ofala kwambiri. Izi zimachokera pa milandu 20 mpaka 30 kwa anthu zikwi zana. Ndipo ndi matenda a multiple sclerosis, achinyamata ambiri amalemala pambuyo povulala.

Nchifukwa chiyani matendawa amapezeka?

Chifukwa chimene multiple sclerosis amachitikirabe sichidziwika. Koma zaka zaposachedwapa, asayansi agwirizanitsa chitukuko cha matendawa ndi kuphwanya mu ntchito ya ma genetic ndi chitetezo cha mthupi.

Mu chikhalidwe chokha, "chitetezo cha thupi" chathu chimakhala cholimba kwambiri mpaka kulowa mkati mwa thupi la chinthu chosadziwika, chomwe chingakhale tizilombo kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Choyamba amaukira "Wowononga," kenako amachotsa. Kufulumira kwa njirayi kumakhudzidwa ndi liwiro la mgwirizano pakati pa maulumikizano a chitetezo cha mthupi, komanso kupanga maselo omwe amachititsa kuthetsa ngozi.

Kodi chimachitika n'chiyani ndi multiple sclerosis? Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chimasintha mwachilombo. Amayamba kuzindikira kuti myelin ndi chinthu choopsa ndipo amayambitsa maselo a minofuyi. Chodabwitsa ichi chimatchedwa "autoimmunity."

Pambuyo pa kuukira kumeneku, chikho cha myelin chimayamba kuchira. Koma pamene njirayi imatha, chitetezo cha mthupi chimatulutsa utsi wa mitsempha kwinakwake. Pa tsamba la kutupa pali minofu yofiira mu mawonekedwe a miyala. Amapeŵetsanso kusintha kwabwino kwa ubongo kuchokera ku ubongo kupita ku ziwalo zonse. Chifukwa chake, munthu amalephera kuthetsa bwino zochita za thupi lake.

Zosokoneza

Kukula kwa multiple sclerosis kumathandizidwa ndi:

- kusowa vitamini D mu thupi;
- nkhawa yaikulu;
- kutengera kwa thupi, komwe kumafotokozedwa pamaso pa ma jini osinthidwa;
- mabakiteriya ndi matenda a tizilombo.

Asayansi ena amakhulupirira kuti chitukuko cha multiple sclerosis chimathandizidwa ndi katemera wodwala matenda a chiwindi B. Komabe, chiphunzitso ichi sichinavomerezedwe kuti chikhale chibwenzi.

Palinso lingaliro lakuti matenda angayambitsidwe ndi kachilombo. Mwachitsanzo, iwo akhoza kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a mutant. Mfundo imeneyi imatsimikiziridwa ndi mfundo yakuti pakuchita mkhalidwe wa odwala ndi bwino pambuyo pa kutsegula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Mitundu ya matenda

Kodi zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa ndi ziti? Multiple sclerosis imayamba kudziwonetsera yokha malinga ndi njira ya matenda, yomwe ingakhale:

- wonyansa;
- Kupititsa patsogolo;
- kutulutsa;
- Kupititsa patsogolo;
- Kupita patsogolo-kuchotsa.

Maonekedwe oyambirira a multiple sclerosis a mtundu wonyansa ndi okhudzidwa kwambiri. Komabe, patapita nthawi nthawi yowonjezera imakhala yaitali. Izi zimachitika pokhudzana ndi kubwezeretsedwa kwa chidutswa cha myelin. Wodwala, yemwe ali ndi benign multiple sclerosis, mankhwala amachititsa kuti athetse bwinobwino. Fomu iyi, yomwe inapezeka mwa odwala 20 peresenti, sichimatsogolera kulemala.

Kodi zizindikiro zoyamba za mawonekedwe opitilirapo ndi ziti? Multiple sclerosis pankhaniyi ikuwonetseredwa ndi kuwonjezeka kowonjezereka kwa zizindikiro za ubongo. Pankhaniyi, pali nthawi zowonjezereka zowonjezereka, zomwe zimawoneka mwa odwala 15%. Ngakhale kuti multiple sclerosis mu njira yoyamba yopitirira yopitirira popanda zovuta zapadera, nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti asathenso kugwira ntchito. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mwa anthu omwe adwala zaka makumi anayi.

Ndi njira yothetsera matenda, zizindikiro zake zoyamba ndi ziti? Multiple sclerosis pankhaniyi imapezeka ndi mawonetseredwe a zizindikiro zovuta. Zimakhala zovuta kuwoneratu zomwe zidzakhale kwa wodwala aliyense chifukwa cha kusiyana kwawo. Mwachitsanzo, 85 peresenti ya odwala pachiyambi choyamba pali mapangidwe a matenda a m'maganizo. Tsiku lotsatira iwo amakhala ochepa kapena amayamba kuyambiranso. Koma nthawi zina nthawi yovuta imakhala yaitali. Amazunza munthu masiku angapo kapena masabata. Kuti zowonongeka zowonongeka zibwerere kwachibadwa, zidzatenga miyezi ingapo. Panthawi imeneyi munthu amasiya kuvutika ndi zizindikiro za multiple sclerosis (ngati palibe njira yokhazikika yopangira njira). Ndi mawonekedwe opatsirana a multiple sclerosis, ntchito za ziwalo zodwala zikhoza kubwezeretsedwa pang'ono.

Ndi njira yachiwiri yopitirira, zizindikiro za matenda owonjezereka zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Zizindikiro za matenda pakadali pano zimawonetseredwa pambuyo pa kuzizira kapena kutsekula kwa dongosolo la kupuma. Zizindikiro za njira yowonjezera ya multiple sclerosis ingachokere kumbuyo kwa matenda a bakiteriya. Pachiyambi pomwe mtundu uwu wa matenda ukupitirira ngati mawonekedwe obwezeretsa, ndiko kuti, ndi kuwonjezera zovuta ndi kusintha kwa chikhalidwe. Koma matendawa amapitirira. Mu njira imeneyi, multiple sclerosis, ngakhale zaka zisanu pambuyo pa zizindikiro zoyambirira, zimatsogolera kulemala.

Mtundu wosadziwika kwambiri wa matenda ndi mtundu wake wopita patsogolo. Pankhaniyi, mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo umakula mofulumira. Kuonjezerapo, kupitirira kwa matendawa kumaphatikizapo kuzunzidwa koopsa, pambuyo pake pakhala kusintha kwina mu umoyo wathanzi.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji matendawa?

Kodi matendawa amasonyeza liti zizindikiro zake zoyamba? Multiple sclerosis imakhala ndi nthawi yaitali yaitali, yomwe nthawi zina imakhala zaka zingapo. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndikuti poyambira poyamba ntchito za zowononga mitsempha zimaperekedwa ndi malo abwino. Zizindikiro zoyamba za multiple sclerosis zimakhala ndi zilonda za 40 peresenti kapena kuposa.

Multiple sclerosis mwa munthu aliyense amadziwonetsera mwa njira zosiyanasiyana. Mitundu ina ya zizindikiro zoyambirira siili ndi matendawa. Koma kaŵirikaŵiri kukhalapo kwa matenda m'thupi ndikosawonongeka komanso kutaya mtima.

Zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa zimadalira kumene malo akuluakulu a multiple sclerosis alipo. Pankhaniyi, zizindikiro zikhoza kukhala zoyambirira, zapadera ndi zapamwamba.
Yoyamba mwa iwo imawonekera chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa shele ya myelin. Izi zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa chikoka cha mitsempha. Zizindikiro zapachiyambi zikuwonekera motsatira maziko a zizindikiro zoyambirira. Maphunziro apamwamba kwambiri amadziwika bwinobwino lonse lonse la matendawa.

Kuwonetsa koyamba kwa matenda

Kuzindikira matendawa kumayambiriro kwa mawonetseredwe ake sangathe ngakhale nthawi zina kukhala akatswiri oyenerera. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi zina zimayesa matenda ena. Ndicho chifukwa chake kuli koyenera kudziwa za zizindikiro zoyambirira za multiple sclerosis. Izi zidzakuthandizani pa nthawi yake kuti adziwe matendawa ndi kuyamba kumwa mankhwala.

Choncho, panthawi yoyamba, multiple sclerosis amachititsa kuti:

1. Kuwonongeka kowonetsa. Kulimbana ndi matendawa ndi mitsempha ya maso. Ngati thupi limapanga mabala ambiri, munthuyo amamva ululu m'maso nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina amatha kudzuka pokhapokha panthawi ya kayendetsedwe ka zaka zana. Nthawi zina mawindo amodzi okha, zikuwoneka kuti chinachake chimalowa mmenemo. Kudziwa kuti ndi nthawi yoti munthu afunse dokotala akuwonetsedwa ndi chithunzi chojambulidwa kapena chala, komanso kusuntha kwa maso.

2. Kutayika. Mu wodwala ndi multiple sclerosis, chizungulire chimapezeka pamene amanyamuka mwamsanga kuchokera pabedi kapena ayenera kusunga thupi lake (mwachitsanzo, pakuvina kapena kukwera njinga). Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti matendawa amafika pamaselo a mitsempha ya msana, zomwe zimayambitsa kusowa kwabwino.

3. Kusokonezeka maganizo. Zina mwa zizindikiro zoyambirira za multiple sclerosis zimakhudza, kuyaka, kuyimba, kapena "kuthamanga" m'milingo kapena manja, ngati kuti atsekeredwa. Chizindikiro ichi chiyeneranso kusamalidwa, ngakhale nthawi zambiri madokotala amachiza matenda ena. Chisonyezero china cha kutaya mtima ndikumenyana ndi kutentha ndi kuzizira. Kusintha kotereku kutentha pansi pa nyengo yoyenera kumachititsa kuti munthu asamale.

Nthawi zina anthu amangodandaula za kutaya kwa kumverera kwa nthaka pansi pa mapazi awo. Pofuna kupeŵa kukhumudwa, amakakamizika kuyang'ana pansi nthawi zonse. Ichi ndichonso chizindikiro choyamba cha multiple sclerosis.

4. Matenda a m'maganizo ndi m'maganizo. Chifukwa chopita kwa dokotala chingakhale ngati kumverera kwa kutopa pakutha kwa nthawi yaitali. Ichi ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha multiple sclerosis. Nthendayi imadziwonetseranso pazochitikazo pamene zimakhala zovuta kuti munthu azikumbukira kapena kubwereza zambiri. Zizindikilo za matendawa zimakhalanso zokhumudwitsa komanso zosasinthasintha, zopanda chilakolako komanso kuvutika maganizo, komanso "masewero ambiri". Inde, pambuyo pa zaka 40-45, munthu aliyense adzati zizindikiro zonse izi ku ukalamba wotsatira. Komabe, achinyamata pa nkhaniyi ayenera kufunsa dokotala.

5. Kukumana ndi kutopa nthawi zonse. Inde, ndizozoloŵera kwa ogwira ntchito, amayi aang'ono ndi ophunzira. Komabe, ndi mawonetseredwe ake, ndizothandiza kuona dotolo. Kumverera kuti kutopa nthawi zonse kumapangitsa anthu okhala ndi multiple sclerosis kale m'mawa. Akugona pabedi, amadzimva kuti ali ndi nkhawa ngati atasintha katatu. Nthaŵi zina kumverera uku kumaphatikiza wodwalayo pomwepo pamsewu.

6. Kusalephera kwa msambo kwa amayi. Kukhalapo kwa matenda a mitsempha kumayambitsa kusokonekera kwa mahomoni komanso vuto lalikulu la kubereka.

7. Kutaya thupi. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za multiple sclerosis zimatha kumuuza munthu momwe amachitira m'mimba. Ngati iye, panthawi yazing'ono zopangidwa ndi ufa wautali kwa nthawi yayitali, samafika ku chimbudzi ndipo chidziwitso chake chimachitika kawirikawiri, izi ziyenera kukhala chifukwa chodandaula. Inde, zizindikiro zoterezi zimachitika ndi kulemera kwake kwa thupi, ndi zakudya zolimbitsa thupi kapena panthawi yoyembekezera. Ndipo apa ndikofunikira kufufuza ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za multiple sclerosis.

8. Kugwedezeka kwa manja. Ngati munthu wazindikira kuti sakumanga mabatani kapena kuika ulusi mu singano, izi zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro choyamba cha multiple sclerosis. Ndiponsotu, chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za matenda ndi mantha.

Multiple sclerosis ndi matenda osayenerera chifukwa cha zizindikiro zosagwirizana.

Lero munthu akhoza kukhala ndi diso, ndipo mawa adzamva chizungulire komanso kufooka. Ndiye chirichonse chikhoza kuima, ndipo wodwala amamva kuti ndi wabwinobwino.

Zofufuza

Pofuna kudziŵa kukhalapo kwa matendawa, katswiri amachititsa kuti azimayi ayambe kumufunsa mafunso ake. Njira zina zofufuzira zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Chidziwitso cha iwo lero ndi kujambula kwa maginito kogwiritsira ntchito msana ndi ubongo. Kuonjezera apo, poyang'anira wodwalayo, dokotala amamuuza kuti azitha kuyang'anira magazi, kutanthauza kuyezetsa magazi nthawi zonse.

Kuchiza kwa multiple sclerosis

Pakadali pano asayansi sanapezebe mankhwala omwe amathandiza anthu kuchotsa matendawa. Madokotala kwa odwala omwe amapezeka ndi "multiple sclerosis" amapereka mankhwala pa mankhwala omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa zizindikiro za matendawa, kuwathandiza kukhala ndi vutoli, komanso kupitiriza nthawi ya kukhululukidwa ndikuletsa kuoneka kwa mavuto osiyanasiyana.

Kuchiza powonjezereka

Pakadali pano, mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa matenda ambiri a sclerosis. Choyamba mwazo ndi kulandira mankhwala pokhapokha ngati kuwonjezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo. Njira yachiwiri ya mankhwala ndi nthawi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa odwala omwe ali ndi nthawi yaitali kusintha kwa matenda awo ndi "multiple sclerosis". Mankhwalawa pakadali pano odwala amatenga nthawi yaitali.

Kuchulukira ndi kuwonongeka kwa thanzi, kosatha kuposa tsiku. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo amalembedwa kuti adrenocorticotropic hormone ndi cortisone monga majekeseni kapena mapiritsi. Izi zimathandiza osati kuchotsa kutupa, komanso kuteteza kupezeka kwa matendawa. Zotsatira zazikulu kwambiri ndi mankhwalawa amaperekedwa ndi kuphatikiza mankhwala monga Cortisone ndi Cyclophosphamide. Komanso, dokotala aliyense adzasankha mankhwala kuti athetse zizindikiro zomwe zimabwera mwa wodwalayo.

Kusamalidwa bwino

Cholinga cha mankhwalawa ndi kubwezeretsanso maselo a mitsempha pakati pa kuwonjezereka. Pa nthawi yomweyi madokotala amamwa mankhwala amtundu wa msana ndi ubongo kuchokera ku chitetezo cha mthupi.

Panthawiyi ndi pamene multiple sclerosis ili pa sitepe ya kukhululukidwa, chithandizo chikuchitidwa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala monga "Cyclosporin A", "Azathioprin", "Mitoksatron" ndi ena.

Nthaŵi zina wodwalayo amaperekedwa ndi kuchipatala. Pofuna kuchepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi, akhoza kuchotsa mpeni kapena thymus gland. Nthawi zina odwala amenewa amawombera mafupa.

Malingaliro a mankhwala amtundu

Mukhoza kumuthandiza wodwala komanso kunyumba. Nanga, ndi chithandizo chotani cha multiple sclerosis? Mankhwala ochiritsidwa ndi ochiritsidwa:

1. Mafuta ochokera ku adyo. Pakukonzekera kwake, mutu wothira masamba umatsindika pa mafuta a mpendadzuwa. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi a mandimu.
2. Uchi ndi anyezi. Njira imeneyi imalimbitsa ziwiya za m'mimba ndipo imatulutsa magazi. Pokonzekera, mchere wothira anyezi umasakanizidwa ndi uchi.
3. Tincture wauzimu wa adyo. Njirayi imamenyana ndi ma sclerotic ndipo imathandiza kuthetsa mitsempha ya mitsempha.

Komanso, mankhwala akuonetsa kuti anthu onse ndi MS sakuphatikizapo mu chakudya chanu tsiku maswiti. menyu ayenera kupezeka mankhwala ndi pamlingo wochepa wa mafuta m'thupi, komanso anthu amene amayambitsa kuwonjezeka mu chipsyinjo. Pankhaniyi, ndi zofunika kudzaza mbale ndi masamba mafuta. Izo analimbikitsanso pafupipafupi kumwa tiyi wobiriwira ndi timadziti achilengedwe.

The moyo amayembekezeka anthu ena ofoola ziwalo

Kodi akale ankachitira odwala matenda deta matenda a ubongo? Izo zimatengera:

- pa Timeliness matenda;
- m'badwo limene matenda wayamba;
- mphamvu ya chithandizo;
- chitukuko cha mavuto osiyanasiyana;
- pamaso pa pathologies ena.

Ndi angati moyo ofoola ziwalo? Mu zaka za m'ma 20, odwala matenda uyu anali atawachitira munthu pazipita zaka makumi atatu. Ndipo si mu chochitika ndi nyengo matenda.

Ndi angati moyo ofoola ziwalo lero? M'zaka za m'ma 21 chifukwa chitukuko cha mankhwala, anthu awa ndi mankhwalawa. Pafupifupi moyo wawo poyerekeza ndi anzawo wamfupi kusiyana zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Koma aliyense ulamuliro ali kuchotserapo ake Choncho molondola kulosera za chitukuko cha zochitika zovuta.